Savannah Brock

Exercise Experiment
This lab addresses the resting baseline data compared to the exercise data of the
cardiovascular and respiratory system. The cardiovascular system is made up of the heart and
the circulatory system. The heart pumps and pushes the blood to the organs, tissues, and cells
of the body. An EKG is used to measure the electrical activity produced by the heart. This can
change according to the heart rate, which is how many times the heart beats per minute. The
blood pressure, which is the force that the blood pushes against the blood vessel, can also
effect an EKG reading. The respiratory system, which is responsible for breathing, is made up of
organs or tissues. The major parts of this system are the lungs, airways, muscles, and blood
vessels that are linked. Respiratory volume is the amount of air being taken into the lungs and
being pushed out, which can be measured with a spirometer. The respiratory rate is the number
of breaths taken per minute and all of these factors are controlled by the pH. The cardiovascular
and respiratory system work together when the body is either at rest or moving.
Question: What is the effect of exercise on the cardiovascular and respiratory
system?
Hypothesis: If a person exercises for 3 minutes, then the heart rate, blood
pressure, breaths per minute, and respiratory intake will increase.
Materials: An EKG reader shows the electrical activity that is produced by the heart, mentioned
in the beginning paragraph. A spirometer measures the amount of air exhaled and the pH probe
measures the pH differentiation of normal water versus water blown into using a straw. These
were used before and after exercise to gather data about how the circulatory and respiratory
systems are functioning.

Safety: For the EKG

Reader there was little to
no safety cautions. For
the spirometer, we
cleaned the mouth-piece
with alcohol to kill the
germs and let it air dry.
We also leaned against
a table in case someone
became light-headed.
For the pH lab, we wore
goggles and gloves just
in case the acid came
into contact with our
hands.
Procedures: In the EKG lab, we put the pads on our arms in the positions in which they are
supposed to go and used the device to tell us the timing of different points in our action

potential. In the spirometer lab, we first breathed in normally and then breathed out normally into
the bag for. For the next one we breathed in normally and exhaled as much air as possible into
the bag. For the last one, we inhaled as much as possible and then exhaled as much as
possible into the bag. We did each of these three times and came out with an average
respiratory volume. For the pH lab we measured the pH of 20 mL of normal water, then
measured the pH of 20 mL of water that we blew into through a straw for 40 seconds.
Data:
Baseline Cardiovascular Data:

After Exercise Cardiovascular Data:

These charts show the comparison between a normal EKG versus an EKG after exercise. After
exercise, the distance between the times are shorter and the heart rate is higher than in the
baseline cardiovascular chart. The time between heartbeats decreased by 25.27% and the
heart rate increased by 26.76%. This shows that when someone exercises, their heart beats
faster than if they were sitting still.
Baseline Respiratory Data:

pH Data:

After Exercise Respiratory Data :

These charts compare resting and after exercise respiratory volume and pH. The TV respiratory
volume increases by 45.45%, the ERV volume increases by 20%, the VC volume decreases by
8.57%, and the breaths per minute increases by 26.32%. The pH decreases more after exercise
than before exercise. This data shows that your breathing increases more and your pH
decreases more during/after exercise than before.