Rhetoric

Role of the
Rhetor

Audience

Culture

Public / Public
Sphere

Writing

Rice

Distribution in
an ecological
system of
understanding
practicing,
processing and
encounters.

-To collaborate
and network
with other
rhetors and
audiences to
get ideas
across and
produce
change b/c no
one person has
complete
power.
-instigate and
encourage the
audience.

-network of
power to
create change.
-audience
doesnt have
power alone.
-more
influence as a
group of
individuals.
-maybe viewed
too broadly.
-audience has
most power
collectively.

-example of
Austin
-culture
integrates and
grows.
-example of
Whole Foods in
Tallahassee
many
components
are involved.

-an ongoing
space for
discourse
-people not
immediately
involved.
-The public is a
broader group
of people.
-important to
Rice.
-related to
audience.

-we are writing

to a broader
audience.
-used when
writing about
social issues
(analysis)
-retrospective.
-generating
decisions to be
made.
(evaluating a
decision)

Bitzer

-anything that
has the
purpose to
bring about
CHANGE
-

-to respond
with a fitting
response.
-to determine
the fitting
response and
the exigence.

-people with
the ability to
enact change.

-to enact
change
-civic concerns

-speech writing
-teaching
-persuading an
audience.

Vatz

-contrarian to
bitzer
-rhetoric
defines a
situation.
-the rhetoric
creates
situations.

-the writer
creates the
meaning.
-the rhetor
gives salience
to a rhetorical
situation.

-the meaning
resides in the
events that
happen.
-the rhetoric is
given more
agency to
choose an
audience.
-assumes
audience is

-used as
solution to
enact change.
-positive
modification
-society
-culture can be
a constraint
-translating
events and the
rhetor needs
to related.
-culture
influenced by
rhetoric.
-rhetoric
influences
culture.

-discourages
the public.
Dependent on
the rhetor.
-need to know
your
surroundings,
but
surroundings
have no
involvement.

-direction.
-This is the
problem A and
this is how you
go about it B.
-spin it your
way.
-textbook style
writing.
-

passive.

Ede/Lu
nsford

-you have to
define the
audience to
create
rhetorical
discourse.

Ong

-distinct
difference
between
writing and
speaking.
-rhetoric
depends on
the situation.
-general idea
of a social
ecology.
-outside
factors affect
what rhetoric
will be
practiced.
-rhetoric is
interwoven
and everything
supports each
other.

Cooper

-you have to
figure out if
you have an
audience
(real/audience)
and if you
need to make
up the
audience.
-the rhetor has
to adjust
according to
the audience.
-the rhetor
creates a role
for the
audience.
-Writers should
collaborate
-influenced by
the
environment.

-addressed or
invoked.
-continuum.
-depending on
the rhetors
approach,
addressed or
invoked.

-controversy
on teaching
writing as
addressed or
invoked.

-public is
either guided
or they are the
guide.

-you need to
define the
audience.

-the audience
is always
fictionalized.

-pulls a lot of
ideas from
western
literature,
various
authors.

-public
speaking
(Aristotle,
Socrates, etc.)
-persuasion.

-persuading
the audience
into specific
roles.
-setting high
standards for
the audience.

-favors more
real readers
that give
feedback to
the writer.

-culture is part
of the
environment.
-provides
feedback and
ideas for the
writing.

-public is
connected as a
whole to the
writing.
-other writers
shape other
writers.

-making
writing social
makes better
writing.
-lets the writer
be aware of
what could
influence
them.

Devitt

-genre dictates
a response to
a situation and
genre can act
as the
organizing
factor.
-agrees with
Bitzer.

-the rhetor
must change
the content of
the form to
keep up with
the times.
-constant
evaluation
-the rhetor has
to match the
genre with the
appropriate
situation.

-understand
the genre, that
its rhetorical
and
understand the
social context.
-the audience
is pre-disposed
to react to
certain genres

-the genre
reveals a lot
about a
culture.
-can help give
rhetor an
understanding
of the
situation.

-the public can

change the
rules and
expectations
of a genre
based on what
the community
needs.
-

-our previous
conception of
genre
(container
model)
contradicts our
knowledge of
how writing
works.
-genre
mediates
between text
and context
maker of
meaning.
-a writer can
recognize a
recurring
situation.