Chemistry 20: Unit 3 Exam

Multiple Choice: (24 marks)

1. What is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding more
solvent?
a.
b.
c.
d.

Titration
Dilution
Neutralization
Saturation

2. Soluble compounds that do not conduct electrical current:

a.
b.
c.
d.

Non-electrolytes
Bases
Acids
Electrolytes

3. Acids have a pH
a.
b.
c.
d.

Below 7
Above 7
Equal to 7
From 0 14

4. Calculate the molarity (amount concentration) of sulfate ions in a solution

containing 7.616g of K2SO4 in 25.0ml of solution:
a.
b.
c.
d.

1.93mol/L
1.93 x 10-3mol/L
1.75mol/L
1.75 x 10-3mol/L

5. A 10.0ml sample of 16.5mol/L HF is diluted to a final volume of 250.0ml. What is

the amount concentration of the final solution?
a.
b.
c.
d.

0.600 mol/L
0.660 mol/L
0.690 mol/L
0.630 mol/L

6. Gastric Ulcers can form when small lesions in the stomach lining are attacked by
acidic gastric juices. If the pH of the gastric juices is around 1.12, what is the
concentration of [H3O+] ions?
a.
b.
c.
d.

13.18 mol/L
7.5 x 10-3 mol/L
7.6 x 10-2 mol/L
1.3 x 10-13 mol/L

7. The pOH of a 1.34 mol/L solution of HCl is

a.
b.
c.
d.

2.88
14.13
3.47
9.46

8. Hydro-azoic acid (HN3) reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce a slightly basic
mixture of water and sodium azide which can be simplified into the following
balanced equation.
HN3(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) + N3-(aq)
According to Bronsted Lowry the conjugate base of hydro-azoic acid would be:
a)
b)
c)
d)

HN3
N3OHH2O

9. Nitric acid, which is used in the manufacture of fertilizers and explosives, is a

good conductor of electricity. Nitric acids excellent conductivity is a result of its:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Partial ionization in aqueous solution

Complete ionization in aqueous solution
Maintenance of its molecular structure in solution
Inability to dissociate into ions

10. Household bleach, if mixed with sufficient acid to reduce its pH below 8, will
release chlorine gas. This is a significant household hazard. The pH of 8
corresponds to a:
a.
b.
c.
d.

[H3O+] ion of 108 mol/L

[OH-] of 108 mol/L
[H3O+] ion of 10-8 mol/L
[OH-] of 10-9 mol/L

11. According to the modified Arrhenius definition an acid is a substance that:

a.
b.
c.
d.

Dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions

Ionizes in water to produce hydronium ions
Dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions
Ionizes in water to produce hydroxide ions

12. A solution with an unknown pH is subjected to several tests with different

indicators. The solution turns orange IV yellow, bromothymol blue yellow, and
methyl orange red, what is the approximate pH of the solution
a.
b.
c.
d.

4.0
2.0
6.0
3.0

13. If a solution of HCl (approx pH=0) was compared to acetic acid (approx pH =3),
how much stronger of an acid would HCl be versus Acetic?
a.
b.
c.
d.

three times
ten times
a hundred times
a thousand times

14. Which of the following is not a strong acid?

a.
b.
c.
d.

hydrochloric acid
hydrofluoric acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid

15. Which of the following is not a property of bases?

a.
b.
c.
d.

They react with active metals.

They taste bitter and feel slippery.
They have a pH greater than 7.
They turn red litmus blue.

16. The best explanation for why sodium carbonate solutions are basic is:
a.
b.
c.
d.

sodium ions react with water to produce hydroxide ions

sodium carbonate is almost the same as sodium hydroxide
carbonate ions react with water to produce hydroxide ions
carbonate ions neutralize the hydronium ions in the solution

17. If the concentration of HBr was 0.0032mol/L what color would it turn thymol
blue?
a.
b.
c.
d.

red
yellow
blue
orange

Use the following information for the next 3 Questions

Phosphoric acid is a weak acid and is used in the production of soft drinks. It reacts with
water according to the following sequential reactions:
1. H3PO4(aq) + H2O <=> H3O+(aq) + H2PO4-(aq)
2. H2PO4-(aq) + H2O <=> H3O+(aq) + HPO42-(aq)
18. Using reaction 1 identify a possible polyprotic acid:
a.
b.
c.
d.

H2O
H3PO4(aq)
H3O+(aq)
None present

19. What general statement about percent reaction best describes the 2 reactions:
a. The percent reaction of reaction 2 is higher than the percent reaction of
reaction 1
b. The percent reaction of the 2 reactions are the same
c. The percent reaction of equation 1 is greater than equation 2
d. There is not enough information to determine this
20. Using reaction 2 identify the amphiprotic substance(s):
a.
b.
c.
d.

H2O
HPO42-(aq)
H2PO4-(aq)
HPO42-(aq) and H2O and H2PO4-(aq)

Scenario 5.3 Tooth Decay

Tooth decay occurs when tooth enamel,
, breaks down due to acids in the
mouth. When sugars ferment on teeth, the pH level decreases, causing more hydronium ions to
react with the hydroxide ions in the enamel. The decay of enamel is represented by the equation

21. If the concentration of calcium ion in the mouth is

, then the

concentration of phosphate ion is:

a.
b.
c.
d.
22. In a lab, potassium hydroxide was added to water. It was noted that the temperature of the
water increased, suggesting that this dissolving process is
a. endothermic because the potassium hydroxide lost energy to the water
b. exothermic because the potassium hydroxide lost energy to the water
c. endothermic because the potassium hydroxide gained energy from the water
d. exothermic because the potassium hydroxide gained energy from the water

23. Which of the following is the correct dissociation equation for calcium hydroxide?

a.
b.
c.
d.

24. A saturated solution of an ionic compound has a

a. faster rate of dissolving than crystallizing
b. slower rate of dissolving than crystallizing
c. equal rate of dissolving and crystallizing
d. larger chemical amount of solute than solvent

Numeric Response: (3 Marks)

1. If you dissolve 2.00g of Ca(NO3)2 in 750ml of water the molarity (concentration)
of the resulting solution is:
__________ x 10-2 mol/L

2. Although for health reasons, it is gradually being phased out, high concentrations
of aqueous formaldehyde (HCHO(aq)), or formalin, are used to preserve biological
specimens. The mass of formaldehyde in 3.00L of 11.6mol/L formalin is

____________kg

3. If a concentrated acid had a concentration of 12 mol/L, how much water would

need to be added to 200mL of this concentrated acid to obtain a 1.0 mol/L diluted
solution?

__________L

Short Answer: (6 Marks)

1. James has a sample of citric acid. He tests the pOH of the solution and finds it to be
10.73. Calculate the hydronium concentration of citric acid. (SHOW UNITS) (3 marks)

2. Use the 5 step method to predict the most likely reaction between a solution of perchloric
acid and a solution of ammonium carbonate. Also predict if the reactants or products
will be favoured. (SHOW ALL STEPS & STATES OF MATTER) (3marks)