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hen discussing forms of residential construction, i.d. the physical forms of housing,
detailed analysis of the political-institutional
and social context in which it is organized cannot
avoided. Analyses of the degree to which various housing
forms are represented in different political, social and
institutional conditions, as well as literature these matters, point to the irrefutable influence of the socio-p olitical cntity of socicty at largc even such seemingly m arginal proccsses and activities as thc forms of }lOusing
construction. The housing policy and the modalities of
satisfying the housing needs of country's citizcns cannot understood outside the context of the citizens'
postition and rights in given country's political and
lcgaI systcm. Civil dcmocracies with their instituionaI
protcction of individual civil rights have placed tllC resolutio."l of housing requirements within thc domain of
indiYidual rights, but with developed system of incentive measures and mechanisms (which differ both in
scopc and form from country to country), whictl r" r il; _
tates the satisfa cti"n of housing requ irement s ". ! f \ ; . , , 1" .
1 n.
35
36
While recognizing environment's physical characteristics and the variability of its values, in realation to the
process of town and architectural planing and design, it
is necessary to establish initial premises [ the integration of the house with surrounding conditions. This
would certainly to effect when dealing with
planning, designing and construction of low-rise housing
forms. Therefore, the initial planning hpase, it 5
essary to analyze, environmental parameters, through
models and advanced computer software, applying the
experiences of those countries that have engaged in
this [ quite some time.
The application of some simple principles of bio-climatic planning and designing generates considerable
energy saving possibilities, something that has quite
neglected in midst. The application of these principles in town planing and architectural design consid reduce requirements for heating device capacities
and specific heat consumption. Additional rationalization achieved passive of solar energy. These
rules pertain to the density, buildings disposition, their
surface and volume ratio, orientation of buildings relative
to the Sun and prevailing wind direction, land furm, etc.
the basis of previously mentioned analyses, and site
characteristics, the settlement planned using, to
theutmost, site's qualities and reducing those effects
of less valuable features.
The heating requirements of building in part
established its shape . It is therefore necessary to
,' energy timiZ::l. ti lzig the 5hape of the
gud-l,
adjllst
g quimts
to these objectives.
The Effects
Ud
37
..
.'8
D.O.
DOJR
.. STACED
E.l.
STACED
ROW
HOJSES
()r
llJlli
2. As demonstrated in this study the low-rise models, cannot applied to large scale housing construction.
3. Presented models are particularly suitable for reconstructioJl of old urban areas and low-dense zones.
p l.-J!lllill}.j,
S!L>ry blJil(!illgS;
'.. IO
]()l; SE
lJl
lJllil,J - u "ICd,.
---,
(;.l! .
.2.
!.!~! ~ \CJ.
!!OLS1:
39
3
,,-,
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(
I
I
i
r
The text pblished n this occasion has n rin n 1964 at the request !
the then responsable editot-in-hiliver n, PhD. Reasons havingresulted n nonpbli
cation ! the text seem ti! om the tQ-d's [me perspective. The honaanum to Borisavlje could not payed n Joejg exchange and he was very angry because oJthat. "1 declare,
that 1 do not wish wrrrks to pblished n u country", has he asserted n pivate i, and this wish was to respected during his life.
, when Borisavljevic than t decades is between alives, with Jull ! responsability we pblishing this summay !
his life wok, aware that his residue becomes omn cultural inheritance.
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towns, id est, towns renewal as cultural and nomical component if the building estate use in Serbia.
]"
There cited and surveyed problems system
~
un planning and its unadaptation to new social
:
conditions, in which two tendencies being the
~
moreandmorepolarized:tendencyoJmarketdevel~
opment, id est individual interest, and tendency
5
:;;:
public interest protection.
1:
nnu n
rnnu n -n fl5nuu'!. 1 cu
jehe
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Tacuh)
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1931.
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7.
"Zoning"
"Pr\nciples and Practice of
Urban Planing", Institute for
raining of Municipal Adm.
,
1968.
the three years aJter the war destruction oJVuko lot works in order to n
the l and renewal oJthe town.
ImYll edialely aJter clearing u streets and ruins, there
::
was taken into consideration the study and planned
...;
gramming renewal. tr deJining the main intentions, based reconstruction and revitalization, there
have n made detailed town plans, and then the working designs as w according to which the reconstruction
the
town is being perJormed. ll documents - plans made
~
the war have n used, as well as historical documenta
tion, recent domestic andJoreign experiences in reconstruction
towns demolished in the war devastated through unadequate building-up
in the last decades.
~
~ The main motto, required also citizens themselves, was: "Vukovar is to identical as it was Jormerly".
~ First was renewed the inJrastructure, hospitals, schools, nursery-homes children during day-time, then
~ housing and nm. Nowadays in Vukovar exists voluminous documentation its planned renewal and development that in the course.
i
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19. ,
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north and south of the great rivers, howe\er, the organization of the cities and the manner in which private
and public building were constructed were totally different.
Between 1830 and 1835 the Serbs, in their renewed state south of the Sava and the Danube,
had adopted western Europe's system of
planning as well as its building techniques, and
had thus broken with centuries of tradition. The
Fig.2.
Momir runar
(1883-1969)
Fig.1.
M omir nrun
(188 3-1 % 9),
Post Office,
Belgrade, 1928.
lm ommer,
Jagodina,1931.
Fig.3.
Momir orunovic
(1883-1969),
residence in Kumanovo,
1930-31.
Fig5.
Milan Kapetanovii
(1859-1934) .
Pavilion Serbia,
Paris, 1900
87
feature after 1930, numerous projects and buildings built between the 1925 Paris exhibition and
the predominance of the international style
(1930) were infuenced Art Deco. ZlokoviC's
buildings embaraced simple, uncluttered [
cades, stylized reminiscences of Renaissance
shapes, decorative elements, and decorative framing the facades and between windows.
Dragisa Brasovan, also considered of the
founders of the modern architectural movement
in Serbia, similarly broke with eclectis Academism turning decorative elements into
cents that articulated the plain and empty
spaces of the facad~. His 1929 design for the
goslav pavilion at the Barcelona Exhibition (fig.
6) apparently emerged under the influence of
Loos's house for Josephine Baker, whose spiked
corner motifs [ll those Fritz Hoger, at least
from skillfully drawn perspective. That pavilion is the last works in which the decorative outweighs the structural. There is certain
symbolism in Brasovan's statement that the jury
was indecisive in choosing the "most successful
pavilion," and the prize that was later given to
Mies van der Rohe. Thus Barcelona, Serbian
architect contributed to the replacement Art
Deco the international style.
Fig.6.
Dragisa oiJn
(1887-1965),
Yugoslav Pavilion,
88
lona,
1929.
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