Contents

- Notes on pest problems

- Pests listed in the database

Notes on pest problems

[contents]

Pests

The most noxious pest of carrot in temperate areas is carrot root fly (Psila rosae),
whose larvae burrow in the roots. Some degree of resistance has been found in the
Nantes-type cultivar 'Sitan' and in the wild species D. capillifolius Gilli. Another
principal European pest is the carrot cyst nematode (Heterodera carotae) which
damage the roots. Semiaphis dauci (Aphididae), the willow-carrot aphid (Cavariella
aegopodii), and the carrot sucker (Trioza apicalis) damage the leaves. Field slugs
(Deroceras reticulatum) and the turnip moth (Agrotis segetum) also attack carrot
roots. The lygus bug (Lygus hesperus and L. elisus) on seed crops, aphids as vectors
of virus diseases, the leafhopper (Macrosteles quadrilineatus) as vector of aster
yellows, carrot weevil (Listronotus oregonensis) and other foliage pests have all
been reported in carrot. In South-East Asia, the only pest which may cause serious
crop losses is army worm (Spodoptera spp.).

Diseases

Crop loss by root-knot nematodes may be kept under control by crop rotation,for
example, with cereals, and by the application of organic manure. Fungi responsible
for root diseases are the most serious. These consist of (Phytophtora medicaginis),
violet root rot (Helicobasidium brebissonii), and white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum).

Rotations with a minimal duration of 5 years, liming and draining of the soil, are the
conditions necessary to maintain carrot crops in a state of good health.

Other diseases are powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae and E. heraclei), white rust
(Albugo candida), bacterial blight (Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae), black spot
on roots (Alternaria radicina), and purple root rot (Helicobasidium brebissonii). The
major problems in tropical carrot production are leaf blights/spots (Alternaria dauci
and Cercospora carotae) and root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla). Local
Indonesian cultivars (for example 'Cipanas') have strong foliage with a remarkable
field tolerance to Alternaria leaf blight, which often completely destroys the foliage
of cultivars introduced from Europe.Various root rots occur before or during storage,
often after mechanical damage or as secondary pathogens (Botrytis cinerea,
Fusarium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Pythium violae and other spp., Erwinia
carotovora). Root diseases are more severe in heavy soils with a poor structure. A
total of 14 virus diseases have been identified in carrots, the most important being
carrot red leaf luteovirus (CtRLV).

Pests listed in the database

Major host of:

Agallia albidula , Agrotis exclamationis (moth, heart and dart), Agrotis ipsilon (black
cutworm), Agrotis segetum (turnip moth), Albugo candida (white rust of crucifers),
Alternaria dauci (leaf blight of carrot), Alternaria radicina (black rot of carrots),
Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed), Arabis mosaic virus (hop bare-bine),
aster yellows phytoplasma group (yellow disease phytoplasmas), Autographa
gamma (silver-Y moth), Autographa nigrisigna (beet worm), Belonolaimus
longicaudatus (sting nematode), Broad bean wilt virus (lamium mild mosaic),
Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola (rot), Cacoecimorpha pronubana (carnation tortrix),
Carneocephala sagittifera , Carrot mottle virus (motley dwarf of carrot), carrot red
leaf virus (carrot motley dwarf disease), Carrot thin leaf virus , Cavariella aegopodii
(carrot-willow aphid), Celery mosaic virus , Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ceratocystis
blight), Cercospora carotae (early blight of carrot), Chalara elegans (black root rot),
Chamomilla recutita (common chamomile), Chrysodeixis includens (soybean
looper), Condica sutor , Corticium rolfsii (sclerotium rot), Cucumber mosaic virus
(cucumber mosaic), Cuscuta epithymum (alfalfa dodder), Deroceras reticulatum
(grey field slug), Ditylenchus destructor (potato tuber nematode), Dolichomiris
linearis , Dysmicoccus brevipes (pineapple mealybug), Elymus repens (quackgrass),
Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (bacterial root rot of sweet potato), Erysiphe
betae (sugarbeet powdery mildew), Erysiphe heraclei (powdery mildew of carrot),

Feltia subterranea (granulate cutworm), Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower

thrips), Fumaria officinalis (common fumitory), Galinsoga parviflora (gallant soldier),
Gibberella avenacea (Fusarium blight), Graphosoma lineatum (striped bug),
Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (European mole cricket), Harmostes serratus , Helicobasidium
brebissonii (violet root rot), Helicotylenchus dihystera (common spiral nematode),
Herpetogramma bipunctalis (beet leafroller), Heterodera carotae (carrot cyst
nematode), Lettuce infectious yellows virus (infectious yellows of lettuce), Liriomyza
sativae (vegetable leaf miner), Listroderes costirostris (vegetable weevil),
Listronotus oregonensis (carrot weevil), Listronotus texanus (carrot weevil), Lolium
temulentum (darnel), Longidorus (longidorids), Longidorus elongatus (needle
nematode), Loxostege sticticalis (beet webworm), Lygus elisus (lucerne plant bug),
Lygus hesperus (western plant bug), Macrophomina phaseolina (charcoal rot of
bean/tobacco), Macrosteles quadrilineatus (aster leafhopper), Meloidogyne arenaria
(peanut root-knot nematode), Meloidogyne chitwoodi (columbia root-knot
nematode), Meloidogyne fallax (false Columbia root-knot nematode), Meloidogyne
hapla (root knot nematode), Mycocentrospora acerina (anthracnose of caraway),
Myzus persicae (green peach aphid), Nacobbus aberrans (false root-knot
nematode), Olpidium brassicae (big vein: lettuce), Orobanche (broomrape),
Orobanche crenata (crenate broomrape), Papilio machaon (old world swallowtail),
Papilio polyxenes (black swallowtail), Parthenium hysterophorus (Parthenium weed),
Petrobia latens (brown wheat mite), Phalonia zephyrana , Phlyctinus callosus (vine
calandra), Phytophthora cryptogea (tomato foot rot), Phytophthora medicaginis
(Phytophthora root rot of lucerne), Phytophthora megasperma (root rot), Platysenta
concisa , Polygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed), Pratylenchus penetrans
(nematode, northern root lesion), Pratylenchus vulnus (walnut root lesion
nematode), Protalebrella brasiliensis , Pseudococcus calceolariae (scarlet
mealybug), Pseudomonas marginalis pv. marginalis (lettuce marginal leaf blight),
Psila rosae (carrot root fly), Pycnoderes quadrimaculatus (black bug), Pythium
aphanidermatum (damping-off), Pythium ultimum (black-leg of seedlings),
Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode), Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish),
Rhizobium radiobacter (crown gall), Rhizobium rhizogenes (gall), Scapteriscus (mole
crickets), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (cottony soft rot), Semiaphis dauci (carrot aphid),
Senecio vulgaris (Grinning (or Grundie)-swallow), Setaria viridis (green foxtail),
Spodoptera latifascia (lateral lined armyworm), Spodoptera littoralis (cotton
leafworm), Systena s-littera , Tetranychus truncatus , Thanatephorus cucumeris
(many names, depending on host), Tobacco necrosis virus (augusta disease of tulip),
Trichodorus (stubby root nematodes), Trioza apicalis (carrot sucker), Urochloa
plantaginea (marmeladegrass), Urtica urens (annual nettle), Xanthomonas hortorum
pv. carotae (bacterial blight of carrot), Xiphinema (dagger nematode), Zonocerus
elegans (elegant grasshopper), Zonocerus variegatus (variegated grasshopper)

Minor host of:

Amaranthus blitum (livid amaranth), Amaranthus graecizans (prostrate pigweed),

Anagallis arvensis (scarlet pimpernel), Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid), Aphis
spiraecola (Spirea aphid), Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus ear rot), Aspergillus niger
(collar rot), Atherigona orientalis (pepper fruit fly), Botryotinia fuckeliana (grey
mould-rot), Cirsium arvense (creeping thistle), Citrus exocortis viroid (citrus
exocortis), Cochliobolus lunatus (head mould of grasses, rice and sorghum), Cuscuta
campestris (field dodder), Emex australis (Doublegee), Erwinia carotovora subsp.
atroseptica (potato blackleg disease), Erwinia chrysanthemi (bacterial wilt of
dahlia), Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. zeae (bacterial stalk rot), Glomerella cingulata
(anthracnose), Helicotylenchus multicinctus (banana spiral nematode),
Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus (spiral nematode), Leveillula taurica (powdery
mildew of cotton), Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer), Lissachatina
fulica (giant African land snail), Melanoplus sanguinipes (lesser migratory
grasshopper), Melanotus communis (common wireworm), Meloidogyne incognita
(root-knot nematode), Meloidogyne javanica (sugarcane eelworm), Nectria
haematococca (dry rot of potato), Noctua pronuba (common yellow underwing
moth), Oligonychus peruvianus , Orobanche aegyptiaca (Egyptian broomrape),
Orobanche minor (common broomrape), Orobanche ramosa (branched broomrape),
Papaver rhoeas (common poppy), Pectobacterium chrysanthemi (slow wilt),
Pennisetum clandestinum (kikuyu grass), Peridroma saucia (pearly underwing
moth), Phytophthora porri (white tip of leek), Poa annua (annual meadowgrass),
Polygonum convolvulus (black bindweed), Polygonum nepalense (Nepal persicaria),
Polygonum persicaria (redshank), Pratylenchus thornei , Pseudomonas cichorii
(bacterial blight of endive), Pythium irregulare (dieback: carrot), Pythium violae ,
Rosellinia necatrix (dematophora root rot), Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform
nematode), Rumex crispus (curled dock), Scutellonema clathricaudatum , Sonchus
arvensis (perennial sowthistle), Spodoptera eridania (southern armyworm),
Spoladea recurvalis (Hawaiian beet webworm), Streptomyces scabiei (potato scab),
Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion), Thlaspi arvense (field pennycress), Tipula
paludosa (European crane fly), Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine), Trichoplusia ni
(cabbage looper), Turnip mosaic virus (cabbage A virus mosaic), Xestia c-nigrum
(spotted cutworm), Zygotylenchus guevarai

Wild host of:

Clover yellow vein virus (CYVV), Lygus lineolaris (tarnished plant bug), Xiphinema
diversicaudatum (dagger nematode)

Associated with (not a host):

Acremonium strictum (acremonium wilt), Delia platura (bean seed fly),

Pseudomonas fluorescens (pink eye: potato), Trichoderma harzianum (hyperparasite
of Rhizoctonia solani)

Host of (source - data mining):

Agriotes lineatus (wireworm), Alternaria alternata (alternaria leaf spot),
Cylindrocarpon obtusisporum , Dyscinetus morator , Empoasca , Euxesta
stigmatias , Geotrichum candidum (citrus race) (citrus sour rot), Lasiodiplodia
theobromae (diplodia pod rot of cocoa), Leptosphaeria libanotis , Lygocoris lucorum
(plant bug, small green), Napomyza carotae (carrot miner), Pantoea agglomerans
(bacterial grapevine blight), Pythium acanthicum , Pythium intermedium (dampingoff), Pythium mamillatum , Pythium paroecandrum (root rot: Phacelia spp.), Pythium
sylvaticum (seedling rot of conifers), Rhizoctonia carotae (storage rot: carrot),
Rhizopus arrhizus (barn rot of tobacco), Scepticus uniformis (weevil, brown gourdshaped), Typocerus deceptus , Urophorus rubripennis

Additional pests recorded for taxonomic groups to which Daucus carota (carrot)
belongs: display these pests