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ALMITA & SCREW PILE INTRODUCTION

Charlie Street
Inside Sales
charlie.street@almita.com
Chris Boettcher
Business Development Manager
chris.boettcher@almita.com

Agenda

Safety Moment
Introduction of the Company
What is a Screw Pile?
Almitas Value Proposition
Engineering and Design
Fabrication
Installation Equipment
Various Applications
shown through a series of project pictures

KEY TAKE AWAYS

Screw piles have been around for nearly 200


years they are NOT new technology
Screw pile applications have evolved and grown
immensely in the past years
There is real science behinds screw piles
Almita is an expert in this field we have over
21 years of experience and our success stories
highlight how varied that experience is

Biography Charlie Street

I have being around Almita Piling Inc. since 2000


I have seen the screw pile industry go from 2 7/8 x 4 anchor piles (2000lb
tension load) for service rigs, evolve to 20 x 40 (160,000lb compressive
load) for the oil & gas industry.
Duties at Almita Piling Inc. have included:
Fabrication plant
Installation of screw piles
Shipping/receiving & inventory control
Estimator
Inside sales

About Almita Piling Inc.


Almita engineers, manufactures and installs screw piles in a
variety of industries and geographic markets. Screw pile
foundations is our core business and we are Canadas leader in
this area.
We currently have approximately 240 employees including 10
engineers within the geotechnical and structural discipline.
The Almita engineering group is continually testing and publishing
papers, confirming the integrity of screw piles.
Founding Member of IHPeng (Institute of Helical Pile Engineering)
England, New Zealand and Japan. Sharing of information on
engineering and design as it relates to screw piles with others
around the world.

Almita Head office in Ponoka

Manufacturing Facility - Ponoka

Industries We Serve
Each Industry has a dedicated & qualified representative
Oil & Gas
Oilsands
Facilities and Plantsites
Oilfield Leases
Pipelines
Power Transmission and Distribution
Tower and Pole Base Foundations
Substations
Solar Panel & Wind Tower Foundations
Commercial Construction
Work-Camp & Office Trailer Structures
Camp and Light Industrial
Streetlight and Sign bases

SCREW PILE: structural elements that consist of one or more


helical shaped circular plate(s) affixed to a steel central shaft.
Installation
Drive Holes

PIPE SHAFT (Diameter


and Wall Thickness)

HELIX (Diameter
and Thickness)

Helix Pitch
PILE LENGTH

Helix Spacing

45End Profile

Advantages of Screw Piles


No tailings, rebar, anchor bolts or bore lining
required
No concrete curing time required
Do not have to dewater casing
Can be installed in all weather conditions
Single stage installation
Reclaimed with minimal ground disturbance
No additional wall thickness required to facilitate
installation
Usually requires shallower embedment depths
Reduced material cost and faster install times

ExxonMobil Kearl Lake Load


Test Program

ExxonMobil Kearl Lake Site

Comparison Between Measured and


Estimated Capacities Axial Compression
Test
ID

ST6
ST7
ST9
ST13
ST15

Pile
Type

Ultimate Capacity
Estimated

4
3
1A
5
7

Ultimate Capacity (5%)


Measured

Shaft
kN

Helix(es)
kN

Total
kN

Shaft
kN

Helix(es)
kN

Total
kN

287
287
482
341
339

1799
1276
854
1746
1946

2086
1563
1336
2087
2285

360
430
280
500
400

1352
1110
844
1792
1800

1912
1540
1124
2292
2400

Type 1A - 273 pipe x 10m long c/w [25PL x 610 Helix]


Type 3 - 324 pipe x 10m long c/w [25PL x 762 Helix]
Type 4 - 324 pipe x 10m long c/w [25PL x 762 Helix x2]
Type 5 - 406 pipe x 10m long c/w [25PL x 914 Helix]
Type 7 - 508 pipe x 10m long c/w [25PL x 1016 Helix]

Prediction
Ratio

1.09
1.01
1.19
0.91
0.95

Helix Failure Testing

At Bureau of Reclamation
Structures Lab, in Denver, CO.
5 million pound load apparatus
Generally followed ICC-ES
AC358 for Helix testing

Helix Bending Model


FEA (Finite Element Analysis)

Introduction to the design


principles of Screw Piles

Helical (Screw )
Piles have been
incorporated into the
latest Edition of the
CFEM
-Almita was an advisor
Section 18.2.1.4

Individual Helix Bearing


Method
Ultimate Compression Capacity (Qu)

Qt Qshaft Qi (bearing)

where
Qt
Qshaft

Qi(bearing)

= ultimate uplift
capacity
= adhesion developed
along the steel shaft
= sum of the bearing
capacity of each
individual helix

Shaft
Diameter

Soil Surface

Shaft Friction

End Bearing
Capacity of
Individual
Helixes

Compressive Capacity using


Cylindrical Shear Method

where
QC
Qshaft

QC Qshaft Qhelix Qbearing

= ultimate compressive capacity


= adhesion developed along
the steel shaft
Qhelix = shearing resistance
mobilized along the
cylindrical failure surface
Qbearing= bearing capacity of the bottom
helix

Ultimate Compression Capacity (Qu)


Shaft
Diameter

Soil Surface

Shaft Friction

Helix
Spacing

End Bearing Resistance

Cylindrical
Shearing
Resistance

Uplift Capacity of Helical Piles in CLAY


Shallow Helix
Deep Helix

Qt A1Cu N u Da Cu ( H 3 H1 )

Qt A1Cu Nu DaCu ( H 3 H1 ) Ps H1Ca

where
Qt = ultimate uplift capacity of the multi-helix screw pile
H1 = depth to top helix
H3 = depth to bottom helix
Da = average helix diameter
Ps = perimeter of anchor shaft
A1 = area of top helix
Nu = uplift bearing capacity factor for cohesive soils
Cu = undrained shear strength of the clay
Ca = average cohesion of soil along the pipe shaft

Uplift Capacity of Helical Piles in SAND


Shallow Helix

Qt ' HAFq

Da ' ( H 23 H 21 ) Ku tan

Deep Helix
Ps

2
2
2
Qt ' HAFq * Da ' ( H 3 H 1 ) K u tan H eff ' Ku tan
2
2
where

A1
Fq
H1
Da
D1
H3
Ps

= friction angle of the soil


= area of the top helix
= uplift capacity factor for cohesionless soils
= depth to top helix
= average helix diameter
= diameter of the top helix
= depth to the bottom helix
= perimeter of the screw pile shaft

Torque Method

where
Kt =
T =
Kt =

Kt
Kt

=
=

Qt K t T
empirical factor
average installation torque
33 m-1 for all square shafts and round
shaft anchors less than 89 mm in
diameter
23 m-1 for 89 mm round shaft anchors
9.8 m-1 for anchors with 219 mm
diameter shafts

HELIX DIAMETER vs. PIPE SHAFT

R&D and Testing

1D
Accelerometer

3D
Accelerometer

A Leader in screw pile research with the of U of A & UWO


Continual R & D of our product

Various Load Tests

Compression Test

Tension Test

Lateral Tests

Introduction to Almitas
fabrication principles of
Screw Piles

Fabrication

WELDING

Welding Conforms to CSA W59.1 and Almita is W47.1 with the


Canadian Welding Bureau (CWB)
Structural Steel Members shall conform to CSA S16.1-94 (Limit
State Design) - Pipe (New) ASTM A252 Grade 2 or 3

Robotic Welding

To improve both speed and quality Almita has


invested in automating the Helix to Pipe weld.

Helix Press and Die

Structural Steel Members shall conform to CSA S16.1-94 (Limit


State Design)
Plate (New) CSA G40.21 A36 or 44W

Almitas helical piles feature blades manufactured with a true


helix shape. The leading and trailing edges of true helix
blades are within one-quarter inch of parallel to each other
and any radial measurement across the blade is perpendicular
to the pile shaft. A true helix shape along with proper
alignment and spacing of the blades is critical to minimize soil
disturbance during installation.
True Helix

Duckbill

Conversely, blades that are not a true helix shape are often
pulled and not pressed into shape, creating a duckbill
appearance. Pulled plates do not conform to the True Helix
geometry requirements and their torque to capacity
relationship is not well documented.

Almitas
True Flight
Helix

90

Helix is pressed such that at any point around the


shaft the angle is 90. Helix will thread into soil, not
churn or disturb.

Introduction to Almitas
equipment for Screw Pile
installation

List of Equipment

Small Skid Steer and Tracked Units

Installation Excavators

Agility and
Mobility in
restricted
access
locations

Batter
Angles
(from
vertical to
horizontal)

Extreme conditions!
-35C

Muskeg

+35C

Uneven Terrain

VARIOUS PROJECTS &


APPLICATIONS

Residential Construction
Garage Slab & Grade Beam

Residential Construction
Decks

Residential Development
Feature Wall

Residential Development
Boardwalk

Residential Development
Retaining Wall

Residential Construction
Winter Installation

Solar Farm Arnprior, ON

5 install crews;
~350 piles/day installed;
65 Semi-Truckloads of materials;
26,000 piles installed in less than 4
months;
Finished 17 days ahead of schedule.

Industrial Housing and Work Camps


Typically install
8-10/hr.
114mm -178mm
dia. pipe and
usually 6-7m
long.
Project sizes
range from a
few 100 piles to
>1000 piles.

Commercial - Steel Buildings

Elevated Pipeline Supports

Various Oil & Gas Applications


More Uses:
Pipe Racking
Separators
Flare Stacks
De-Hydrators
Compressors

Facility Work

Bullet Tank

Tank Farms

Pumpjacks

Oil & Gas Application - Pipelines

Client: StatoilHydro
Canada
Location: Leismer, AB
Conditions:
Deep areas of Muskeg
Over Clay Till, Bearing
depth @ 10m

From Concept to Installation Elevated pipelines

324mm and
406mm pipes
used for these
50-90kN Lateral
Forces

Pipeline Guide Posts

Piperacks

Elevated Supports
Irathane pipeline,
Suncor, Fort McMurray, AB
1360 piles in three Phases
324mm x 7m pipe
c/w 25 x 610mm dia. Helix

Anchor Thrust Block

Transmission Tower

Tower Foundation Retro-Fit

Manitoba
Hydro Line

Tangent Pole Bases (Distribution)

Pile Groups on Tower Structures

QUESTIONS?

Charlie Street

Inside Sales
Charlie.street@almita.com

Chris Boettcher

Business Development Manager


chris.boettcher@almita.com

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