FOURIER

TRANSFORM
PART 2

FOURIER TRANSFORM
PROPERTIES
Linearity
(superposit
ion)

Time shift

Time scale

Duality

Frequency
shift
(Modulatio
n)

Convolutio
n

Differentiat
ion

LINEARITY @
SUPERPOSITION

2 t

e signal
Example : Find the Fourier Transform for 3the
4

Solution:

f (t ) 3e

2 t

3 e 2t u (t ) e 2t u (t )

From Table C.2:

Ae at u (t )

A
a j

2t

e u (t )

1
2 j

1
1
3(2)(2)
12

F ( ) 3

4 2 4 2
2 j 2 j

2t

e u (t )

1
2 j

Example: Find the Fourier Transform for the signal

g(t)
5

v(t)
A

v (t ) Arect
-/2

/2

V ( ) A sin c

Solution :
g (t ) g1 (t ) g 2 (t )
t
t
0.5rect ( ) rect ( )
6
2
In Fourier Transform :
G ( ) G1 ( ) G2 ( )
3 sin c(3 ) 2 sin c( )

TIME SHIFT
6

v(t ) V ( )
v(t t0 ) V ( )e jt0

Time delay of a signal causes a linear phase

shift in the spectrum of the signal.
If the signal is delayedt0 by
will
t0 be shifted by
spectrum

, the phase
.

The amplitude remains the same

2 t 0.5

Example: Find the Fourier Transform for3the

e signal
7

Solution:

3e

2|t 0.5|

12
4 2

e j / 2

Example: Find the Fourier Transform for the signal

of Figure (a).
8

Similar magnitude with Arect

signal but a
phase shiftof / 2

j / 2
Solution: V ( ) A sinc 2 e

TIME SCALE
9

1
v(at) V
a a

a: a real constant

If a>1, the signal v(t) will be compressed, but this will

produce expansion in frequency domain.

Or else If a<1, the signal v(t) will be expended, but this will
produce compression in frequency domain.

V(

sinc

2t
if v1 (t ) v(2t ) Arect

1
A

Therefore V1 ( ) V
sinc

v (t ) Arect

2 2

Example of Time
Scale

10

DUALITY
11

v(t )
V (t )

V ( )
2v( )

t
g (t ) Afor
sinc

Example: Find the Fourier Transform

2

Arect

t
A sinc

A sinc

2 Arect

12

13

FREQUENCY SHIFT
(MODULATION)
v(t ) V ( )
v(t )e j0t V ( 0 )
1
v(t ) cos 0t V ( 0 ) V ( 0 )
2
1
v(t ) sin 0t
V ( 0 ) V ( 0 )
2j

Example
Find the Fourier Transform for the signal g(t)=f(t)cos(20t)
where f(t)=2rect(t).
14

Solution:

F ( ) 2 sinc
2
1
G ( ) F ( 20) F ( 20)
2
1
20
20
2 sinc
2 sinc

2
2
2

20
20
sinc
sinc

2
2

CONVOLUTION
15

v1 t V1
v2 t V2
v1 t v2 t V1 V2

Example: Given two signals as below:

16

f1 (t ) e at u (t )

a>0

f 2 (t ) e bt u (t )

b>0

Solution:
f (t ) f1 (t ) f 2 (t )

f (t )

1
e at u (t ) e bt u (t )
ba

F ( ) F1 ( ) F2 ( )

1
1

a j b j
1

(a j )(b j )
1
1
1

b a a j b j

DIFFERENTIATION
17

v(t) V

Example:
18

dg (t )
Arect(t 0.5) Arect(t 0.5)
dt

d 2 g (t )
dt

A (t 1) 2 A (t ) A (t 1)

Solution: 1st order differential

19

dv(t )
F
F Arect(t 0.5) Arect(t 0.5)

dt


( j )G ( ) Asinc e j / 2 Asinc e j / 2
2
2
j / 2
e j / 2
e
G ( ) Asinc

j
2

2


Asinc sin Asinc sinc
2 2
2
2

Asinc 2
2

Solution: 2nd order differential

20

d 2 g (t )

dt

F A (t 1) 2 A (t ) A (t 1)

( j ) 2 G ( ) Ae j 2 A Ae j

G ( ) 2 A(cos 1) 4 A sin
2
4A 2
2
G ( ) 2 sin Asinc
2
2

INVERSE FOURIER
TRANSFORM
1
j t
F V
V e d
2

v t

1
1
jt
F
e d
2
2
1

2
1 2
1

21