Asma Bronkial

Asma Bronkial
Penyakit inflamasi kronik dr saluran
pernapasan
Sering pada anak
Karakteristik :
o Obstruksi aliran udara
o Inflamasi saluran napas
o Hiperresponsif saluran napas

Airflow obstruction

batuk
mengi
sesak nafas

Obstruksi dapat terjadi

bertahap, perlahan-lahan,
bahkan menetap dgn
pengobatan, juga bisa terjadi
mendadak.

Epidemiologi
Salah satu dr 10 penyebab kesakitan
dan kematian
SKRT 1986 5 dari 10
SKRT 1992 4 di Indonesia
1995 13/1000

Faktor Pemicu
ISPA (rhinovirus, influenza,pneumonia,
dll)
Alergen
Lingkungan (udara dingin, gas
SO2,NO2, asap rokok, dll)
Emosi : cemas, stress
Olahraga: terutama pada suhu dingin
dan kering
Obat/pengawet : Aspirin, NSAID,sulfit,
benzalkonium klorida, betabloker
Stimulus pekerjaan

KLASIFIKASI
Menurut Mc Connel dan
Holgate :
1. Asma Ekstrinsik
2. Asma Intrinsik
3. Asma yang berkaitan dengan
PPOK

INTRODUCTION
Chronic inflammatory disease of the
airways
Most common childhood chronic
disease
Characterized by:
Airflow Obstruction
Airway inflammation
Airway hiperresponssive

Airflow obstruction

Cough
Wheezing
Breathlessness

Obstruction can occur gradually,

slowly, settled even with treatment,
can also occur suddenly.

Epidemiology
One of the 10 causes of morbidity
and mortality
SKRT 1986 5 of 10
SKRT 1992 4 in Indonesia
1995 13/1000

Risk Factor
ISPA (rhinovirus, influenza, pneumonia,
etc.)
allergens
Environment (cold air, gas SO2, NO2,
smoke, etc.)
Emotions: anxiety, stress
Sports: especially in cold temperatures
and dry
Work

Classification
According to Mc Connel and Holgate:
1. Extrinsic asthma
2. Intrinsic asthma
3. Asthma associated with COPD