205

COOLER (C-01A)
Fungsi

: Menurunkan temperatur bottom produk kolom distilasi (KD-01).

Tipe

: Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

Gambar :

Fluida Panas

Fluida Dingin

: Bottom Produk KD-01

W

= 7083,3124 kg/jam = 15616,0121 lb/jam

T1

= 211,1620 oC

= 412,0915 oF

T2

= 161,1620 oC

= 322,0915 oF

: Air
w

= 6041,3851 kg/jam = 13259,4336 lb/jam

t1

= 30,0000 oC

= 86,0000 oF

t2

= 50,0000 oC

= 122,0000 oF

Perhitungan:
1.

Beban Panas C-01A

Q = 503524,3179 kJ/jam = 477255,9578 Btu/jam

2.

LMTD
Fluida Panas
(oF)
412,0915
322,0915

Suhu tinggi
Suhu rendah
Selisih

Fluida Dingin
(oF)
122,0000
86,0000

Selisih
290,0915
236,0915
54,0000

206

t 2 t1
LMTD = ln (t 2 / t1 ) = 262,1653 oF
3.

Tc = 367,0915 oF

; tc = 104,0000 oF

Asumsi UD = 60 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

477255,95788
A = 100 262,1653 = 18,2044 ft2

Karena A< 200 ft2, maka dipilih HE jenis Double Pipe Heat Exchanger.
Rencana Klasifikasi

Data Pipa
IPS (in)
SN
OD (in)
ID (in)
a (ft2/ft)

Outer Pipe
3,0000
40,0000
3,5000
3,0680
0,9170

Inner Pipe
2,5000
40,0000
2,8800
2,4690
0,7530

Cold Fluid (air) : Annulus

a.

Flow Area, aa
D2 = 3,0680/12 = 0,2557 ft
D1 = 2,8800/12 = 0,2400 ft
aa

= 4 (D22 D12)

(Pers. 6.3)

= 4 (0,25572 0,24002) = 0,0061 ft2

Equivalent Diameter, De

De =
b.

2
2

D1
D1

Kecepatan Massa, Ga

0,2557
=

0,2400 2
0,2400
= 0,0324 ft
2

207

Ga = W/aa
= 13259,4336 / 0,0061
= 2175148,9370 lb/hr.ft2
c. Reynold number, Re
Pada Tavg = 104,0000oF
= 1,9292 lb/hr ft
Rea = De.Ga/
0,0324 2175148,9370
1,9292
=
= 36480,5535
d.

JH = 5

(Fig. 24,

Kern)
e. k = 0,3572 Btu/hr.ft2(oF/ft)
cp = 1,0090 Btu/lb.oF
c

f. ho = JH

= 1,7598
c

0 ,14

k
De

= 97,1361 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
Hot Fluid (Produk R) : Inner Pipe
a. Flow Area, ap
D = 2,4690 inc/12 = 0,2058 ft
ap

= 4 D2

= 4 (0,2058)2 = 0,0332 ft2

b. Kecepatan Massa, Gp

208

15616,0121
Gp = w/ap = 0,0332 = 469916,6053 lb/hr ft2
c. Reynold number, Re
Pada Tavg = 367,0915 oF
= 0,9071 lb/ft.hr
Rep = D.Gp/
0,2058 469916,6053
0,9071
=
= 106584,0918
d. JH = 280

(Fig. 24, Kern)

e. k = 0,0721 Btu/hr.ft2(oF/ft)
Cp = 62,1100 Btu/lb.oF
c

f. hi

= 9,1886

= JH

0 ,14

k
De

= 902,1044 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
g. Koreksi hi pada permukaan OD
hio = hi x ID/OD
= 773,3666 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

h. Clean Overall Coefficient, UC

hioxho
UC = hio ho = 86,2970 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

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i. Design Overall Coefficient, UD

1
1

Rd
U D UC

(Pers. 6.10)

Rd ditentukan 0,003 untuk masa service 1 tahun

1
1

0,003
U D 86,2970

UD = 68,5500 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

j.

Q
U D . t Required Length
= 26,5564 ft2

A=

Dari tabel 11 Kern, untuk 2,5-in IPS standard pipe, external surface/foot
length = 0,7530 ft
26,5564
Required length = 0,7530 = 35,2674 ft
Diambil panjang 1 harpin = 20 ft
35,2674
20
Jumlah harpin yang dibutuhkan =
= 0,8817

Maka dipakai 1 harpin 20 ft

Actual Length

= 1 x 2 x 20 ft
= 40 ft

Actual Surface = L x a
= 40 ft x 0,7530 ft2/ft
= 30,1200 ft2
k. Actual Design Coefficient, UD
UD =

Q
A. t

210

477255,9578
= 30,1200 262,1653

= 60,4396 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

l. Dirt Factor, Rd

U C U D
Rd = U C U D
= 0,0050 hr.ft2.oF/Btu

PRESSURE DROP
Cold Fluid : Annulus
De

= (D2 D1)
= 0,0157 ft
Rea = 17663,7515
0,264
(Re a) 0, 42

0,0035

= 0,0078

= 62,3031 lb/ft3

4 fGa 2 L
2
Fa = 2 g De
= 1,0674 ft

(Pers. 3.47b)

211

G
Va = 3600 = 0,9271 ft/s

V2

2g

Fl

=3x

= 0,0400

Pa

( Fa Fl )
144
=

= 5,0120 psi
Hot Fluid: Inner Pipe
a. Rep

= 106584,0918

= 0,0035

0,264
(Re p ) 0, 42

(Pers. 3.47b)

= 0,0055

Fp

= 5,2397 lb/ft3

4 fGp 2 L
2
= 2 g D
= 41,4608 ft
Pp

Fp .
144

= 1,5086 psi
SUMMARY
ho = 97,1361
h outside
UC = 86,2970
UD = 60,4396
Rd Calculated = 0,0050
Rd Required = 0,0030
5,0120 psi
Calculated P, Psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi

hio = 773,3666

1,5086 psi
10 psi

212

Perhitungan untuk cooler selanjutnya dihitung dengan cara analog dengan

perhitungan cooler C-01A.

COOLER (C-01B)
SUMMARY
h outside
UC = 1,8807
UD = 52,1300
Rd Calculated = 0,5125
Rd Required = 0,0030
8,7342 psi
Calculated P, Psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi

ho = 97,1361

hio = 1,9178

5,1319 psi
10 psi

COOLER (C-01C)
SUMMARY
h outside
UC = 42,8967
UD = 52,7806
Rd Calculated =
0,0044
Rd Required =
0,0030
5,1321 psi
Calculated P, Psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi

ho = 97,1361

hio = 76,8826

2,4299 psi
10 psi

COOLER (C-01D)
SUMMARY
ho = 97,1361
h outside
UC = 32,4907
UD = 53,7703
Rd Calculated =
0,0122
Rd Required =
0,0030
4,7866 psi
Calculated P, Psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi

hio = 48,8206

2,3432 psi
10 psi

213

COOLER (C-02A)
SUMMARY
ho = 233,1266
h outside
UC = 74,2691
UD = 102,44
Rd Calculated = 0,0037
Rd Required = 0,0030
0,0226 psi
Calculated P, Psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi

hio = 108,9915

0,0002 psi
10 psi

COOLER (C-02B)
SUMMARY
ho = 233,1266
h outside
hio = 108,9915
UC = 74,2691
UD = 101,8700
Rd Calculated = 0,0036
Rd Required = 0,0030
0,0322 psi
Calculated P, Psi
0,0003 psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi
10 psi

COOLER (C-02C)
SUMMARY
ho = 233,1266
h outside
hio = 108,9915
UC =
74,2691
UD =
122,2197
Rd Calculated =
0,0053
Rd Required =
0,0030
0,0523 psi
Calculated P, Psi
0,0005 psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi
10 psi