Adipocyte

( Fat Cell )

Adipocytes
- An animal cell that stores triglycerides ( in cytoplasm)
- contain enzymes that generate fatty acid and glycerol that made up
adipocytes
- the main reservoir of fat in body as energy
- divided into 2 types ( White & Brown)
- Lipid droplet at the middle of the cell (brown)
- inside contain fat vacuoles (white)
- connective tissue

Location in the body and Why ?

1.Under the skin
- keeping body warm

2.Around major organs

- supporting and protecting

3.Hip and breast

- providing body shape
4.Generally found around the body
-acting as connective tissue

Connective tissue - supporting, joining and separating organs

Function of Adipocyte & How This Keeps Cells Alive

As insulating layer
-Adipose cells are under our skin to
keep us warm.

Body Shape
They provide the shape of body.

Energy storage
It keeps fat to be used when body needs.

Support major organs

They support and protect major organs
in the body.

The importance of Adipocytes

- Protecting organ from getting injured
- Helping control of body temperature
- Main source of energy (long term)

Special features
-Contains a large fat reservoir
-Working part of the cell is at the edge
of the cell
-Has cell membrane as a wall

Specialized organelles
1.A large fat reservoir
2.Nucleus
3.Cytoplasm
4.Golgi apparatus
5.Mitochondria
6.Cell membrane
7.Rough E.R & Smooth E.R
8.vacuoles
9.Centrioles, Centrosome

10.Ribosome

Adipose cell vs Regular Animal cell

Adipose cell vs Plant cell

Brown Adipocyte

VS
White Adipocyte

Structure of White Adipose and Brown Adipose

White Adipose
- Composed large lipid vacuoles

- secrete leptin

- Few mitochondria

- major energy reservoir of mammals

- Nucleus of the cell near with the edge of the cell

- flat shape
- single large fat droplet
- contain lipid
-more common

- unilocular cells

Brown Adipose tissue

-

few droplet of fat

large quantity of mitochondria
caused by brown color
most common in infants and hibernate to generate warm
smaller than white
round
contain RNA
large amount of cytoplasm
contain few lipid vacuoles

http://study.com/academy/lesson/adipose-tissue-function-location-definition.
html#lesson

Differences between Brown Adipocyte and White

Adipocyte.
Brown Adipocyte
is a type of fat cell that
generated by exercising. It
contains mitochondria which
makes energy and heat as well
as its color to be brown. This
type of Adipocyte is a good fat
cell.

White Adipocyte
is another type of fat cell
that occurs from consuming too
much calories in the diet. It has
much lesser mitochondria than
the brown Adipocyte. Light
white or yellow in color. This fat
cell stores energy.

Differences between Brown Adipocyte and White Adipocyte.

(Shades of a cell, n.d.)

Structure of Adipocyte

Shape of Adipocyte

Shape affect the function ?

Its circular shape is suitable for storing substances such as fat. Moreover, this
will help the cell to be able to support the important organ since in the
different shapes that takes up the same space, circle can contain more
substances in it (same surface area, circle contains more).

Adipocytes and Hormones

-

White adipose tissue released peptide hormones (adipokines) and steroid

hormones
produce hormone leptin that regulate body balance or energy
homeostasis
make estrogen from androgens to regulate reproductive system
Adipocytes release complex fatty acids substance(Prostaglandin) out that
have many hormones like action to help break down fat and protein of
hormone that regulate metabolism, body weight and reproductive
function.

How do your fat cells shrink?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lo1_n_EFgCY

Click the link above to check this out!

(Wink Health, July 2015)

Diseases in Adipocytes
Obesity
Caused by get too much of adipose than your body need that make you
unhealthy.
Cardiovascular System
Fat sticking on the wall of blood vessel
blocks makes blood hard to flow so the
heart has to work more and can cause high
blood pressure

Cancer Caused by getting obesity that let you increase the risk of cancer

Diabetes type 2 caused by insulin resistance

which caused from the amount of
carbohydrate in patients diet

Bibliography
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005272810007620
http://study.com/academy/lesson/adipose-tissue-function-location-definition.
html
https://en.wikiphttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12508947
edia.org/wiki/Adipocyte
http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/adipose-tissue.php

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UaNqU9ewKWA