SPM Biology Answering Techniques

Paper 3 -Question 1
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*Notes are highlighted in green
*Answers are highlighted in yellow
1.

This is the MV

This is the RV

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of respiration
of yeast. The setting up of the apparatus is shown in Figure 1.1 below.
[Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menyiasat kesan suhu ke atas kadar respirasi yis. Penyediaan
radas ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1.1 di bawah.

#After reading the opening sentence, underline the Variables (MV and RV), which will be used
later in the questions.
-identify the CV as well

Ruler
rubber tubing
c
0m

clip

rubber
stopper
glass tube
15 cm3of yeast
suspension with
glucose
This is the CV

initial height of the

coloured liquid
manometer with
coloured liquid

Figure 1.1

The boiling tube containing yeast suspension was placed in the water bath set up at selected
temperature and the stopwatch was activated. The boiling tube is left in the water bath for 10
minutes. After 10 minutes the height of the coloured liquid in the manometer, as shown in Figure
1.2, was measured and recorded.
1

cm

[Tabung didih yang mengandungi ampaian yis telah diletakkan ke dalam kukus air pada suhu terpilih dan
jam randik diaktifkan. Tabung didih dibiarkan dalam kukus air selama 10 minit. Selepas 10 minit, paras
cecair bewarna dalam manometer, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1.2 diukur dan direkodkan.]

Figure 1.2/ Rajah 1.2

Table 1.1 shows the results of the experiment.
[Jadual 1.1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen.]

Identify the MV and RV in the title of the table.

MV
Temperature of
water bath, (oC)
[Suhu kukusan air]

RV
Observation after 10 minutes
[Pemerhatian selepas 10 minit]

Final height of the coloured

liquid, (cm)
[Aras akhir larutan bewarna]

1.3
10

20

2.6

3.8

30

4.0

40

Table 1.1/ Rajah 1.1

(a) Record the height of the coloured liquid in the manometer in the spaces provided in
Table 1.1
[Rekodkan ketinggian aras larutan bewarna dalam monometer di dalam ruangan yang disediakan
pada Rajah 1.1.]
[3 marks]

# -In observation, write the MV and the RV from the table.

-Arrange the answers by writing the MV first, followed by RV.
-Take two extreme readings.
(b) (i) Based on Table 1.1 state two observations.
[3 marks]

[Berdasarkan Jadual 1.1, nyatakan dua pemerhatian.]

MV from the table

RV from the table

1. When the temperature of water bath is 10 oC, the final height of the coloured liquid is
1.3cm.
2. When the temperature of water bath is 10 oC, the final height of the coloured liquid is 1.3cm
# -In inference, write the MV from the table and the RV from the opening sentence.
-Arrange the answers by writing the MV first, followed by RV.
-if the RV is about rate, state if the rate is high or low as well.
(ii) State the inference which corresponds to the observations in 1(b)(i).
[Nyatakan inferens yang sepadan dengan pemerhatian di 1(b)(i).]

MV from the table

[3 marks]

RV from the opening sentence

1. When the temperature of water bath is 10 oC, the rate of respiration of yeast is low.
2. When the temperature of water bath is 40 oC, the rate of respiration of yeast is high.
(c) Complete Table 1.2 based on this experiment.
[3

[Lengkapkan Jadual 1.2 berdasarkan eksperimen ini.]

marks]
Variable

Method to handle the variable

[Pemboleh ubah]

[Cara mengendalikan pemboleh ubah]

Manipulated variable:
[Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi]

#Write the MV from the table

Temperature of water bath

# -start with a verb

-the word in differen should be in your answer
-list all the MV from the table
Verb

MV from the table

Place the boiling tube containing the yeast suspension in

different temperature of water bath, for example 10oC, 20oC,
30oC and 40oC.
All the MV from the table
4

Responding variable:

# must have How + RV + Apparatus in the answer

[Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas]

how

# Write the RV from the table

Final height of the coloured
liquid

Controlled variable:
[Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan]

#Choose and write the CV from

the fist page
Volume of yeast suspension
and glucose

RV

Observe, measure and record the final height of the coloured

liquid, using a ruler.
apparatus

#Use the word fix to start the sentence

-make sure the sentence has for each experiment
Fix the volume of the yeast suspension and glucose as
15 cm3 for each experiment.

Table 1.2/ Rajah 1.2

(d) State a hypothesis for this experiment.
[3 marks]

[Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.]

# start with the MV followed by RV

-take the MV and RV from the opening sentence
-use words like MV increasesRV increases or MV increasesRV decreases
When the temperature increases, the rate of respiration of yeast increases.
MV from opening sentence

RV from opening sentence

(e) (i) Construct a table to record the result of the experiment.

[3 marks]

Your table should have the following titles:

Temperature
Final height of coloured liquid
Rate of respiration of yeast
Rate of respiration of yeast

Final height of the coloured liquid (cm)

10 minutes
5

[Bina satu jadual untuk merekodkan keputusan eksperimen.

Jadual anda harus mengandungi tajuk berikut:
Suhu
Aras akhir larutan bewarna
Kadar respirasi yis
Kadar respirasi yis

Aras akhir larutan bewarna

10 minit

# each main column must have the titles with the units
- workings should not be shown
-construct your table as big as possible in the given space and dont draw a small table.
Main columns with units

No workings

Temperature (oC )

Final height of the coloured

liquid (cm)

Rate of respiration of yeast

(cm/min)

10

1.3

0.13

20

2.6

0.26

30

3.8

0.38

40

4.0

0.40

(ii) ) By using the data in 1(e)(i), draw a graph of the rate of respiration of yeast against the
temperature
[3 marks]
[Dengan menggunakan data dari 1(e)(i), lukiskan graf kadar respirasi yis melawan suhu.]

# make sure the X axis has title and units

- make sure the Y axis has title and units
-the graph line should be from the first point to the last point only.

(f) Based on the graph, explain the relationship between the rate of respiration of the yeast and
the temperature.
[Berdasarkan graf, terangkan hubungan antara kadar respirasi yis dan suhu.]
[3
marks]
#your answer must have the following sequence : relationship + reason + effect
-for relationship, follow the sentence structure given
-for reason, start with this is because
-for effect start with thus
This is the relationship.

This is the reason

(The rate of respiration of yeast increases when the temperature increases). (This is because the
enzymes become more active when the temperature increases until an optimum temperature.)
(Thus, the final height of the coloured liquid in the manometer increases.)
This is the effect. In this experiment, there are 2 responding variables. One has been used in the
relationship above. So the other one can be used for effect.

(g) In another experiment, the temperature of the water bath is increased to 60 oC, predict the
height of the coloured liquid in the manometer. Explain your prediction.

[Dalam eksperimen yang lain, suhu kukusan air dinaikkan kepada 60 oC, ramalkan ketinggian aras
larutan bewarna dalam manometer. Terangkan ramalan anda.]
[3

marks]
#your answer must have the following sequence : prediction + reason + effect
-for your prediction, give a value from the table and state if it will be more than or it will be
lesser than
-for reason, start with this is because
-for effect start with thus .
This is the prediction

This is the value from the table

(The height of the coloured liquid in the manometer will be lesser than 1.3cm.) (This is because, the
high temperature denatures the enzymes.) (Thus, the rate of reaction of the yeast decreases.)
This is the reason
responding

This is the effect. In this experiment, there are 2

variables. One has been used in the prediction above. So
the other one can be used for effect

(h) Based on the result of the experiment, state an operational definition for the rate of respiration
of yeast.
[Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi kadar respirasi yis.]

#sometimes the question asks for what can be deduced. It is the same as state the
operational definition
-start your answer with what need to be defined
-followed by responding variable
-followed by in different
-followed by manipulated variable
-followed by fixed variable
Start with what need to be defined

[3 marks]

This is the RV

(The rate of respiration of yeast) is the (final height of the coloured liquid in the manometer)
( in different) ( temperature of water bath) when (15 cm 3 of yeast and glucose suspension used.)
This is the MV

This is the FV

(i) Another group of students carried out the experiment to determine the effect of other
abiotic components on the activity of microorganisms. They were given with the
following:
Growth, pH, Reproduction, Light intensity, Photosynthesis, Concentration of nutrients
[Sekumpulan pelajay yang lain telah menjalankan eksperimen untuk menentukan kesan
komponen abiotik yang lain ke atas aktiviti mikroorganisma. Mereka telah diberi yang berikut:
Pertumbuhan, pH, Pembiakan, Keamatan cahaya, Fotosintesis, Kepekatan nutrien

Classify the above list into manipulated variable and responding variable in table 1.3
[Klasifikasikan senarai di atas kepada pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi dan pemboleh ubah bergerak
Balas dalam Jadual 1.3.]
[3 marks]

# classify the apparatus and materials in numbering order

Manipulated Variable
[Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi]

1. pH
2. Light intensity
3. Concentration of nutrients

Responding Variable
[Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas]

1. Growth
2. Reproduction
3. Photosynthesis
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Table 1.3/ Rajah 1.3

skj/2013

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