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New Testament
Greek
Lesson III
Rex A. Tanchuan
alpha
beta
gamma
delta
epsilon
zeta
eta
theta
iota
kappa
lambda
mu
nu
xi
omicron
pi
rho
sigma
tau
upsilon
phi
chi
psi
omega
Phonemes
From Greek
A sound represented by a letter
Big / pig
We have
Let us have
Morphemes
From Greek (reference to form)
Smallest unit of meaning in any given
language
letter / couple of letters that make 1
sound
Vowels
Seven Vowels:
alpha
epsilon
iota
- omicron
upsilon
- omega
Diphthongs
When two vowels combine to make one
sound, it is called a dipthong. There are
seven dipthongs in Greek:
Diphthong Pronunciation Example
Definition
aisle
age (cf. eon)
eight
peace (cf. Irene)
oil
house (cf. economy)
suite
son
Faust
self (automobile)
feud
blessed (eulogy)
soup
heaven (Uranus)
Consonants
Consonants produced by interfering
with the flow of air from the lungs.
Classified three ways:
1. How one interferes with the flow
Manner of articulation
Consonants
Manner Of Articulation
Involves either:
Complete interruption of flow of air
Incomplete restriction of flow of air
Stops ( , )
Continuances (
Place Of Articulation
At the lips -
At or just behind the teeth dentals -
At the palate gutturals ()
Consonants
Four Sibilants
s sounds
Three Aspirates
Four Nasals
Breathing Marks
The rough breathing is pronounced like an "h",
and looks like a backwards comma written over
a vowel.
The smooth breathing is not pronounced at all,
and looks like a regular comma written over a
vowel. Note the difference between "en" and
"hen":
Greek Punctuation
Punctuation not used in ancient
Greek
Most printed copies today use
them.
, and . are same as English
: and ? Same in function, different
in form
. = : and
; =?
Greek Accents
Acute
Grave `
Circumflex
Importance is twofold:
1. Distinguish between identical words
means if
circumflex means you are
2. Which syllable is stressed