Define the term the internet

A communications system that connects computers and databases all over the world

Name and describe the four main components of the internet

infrastructure.
ISPs provide users access to the internet.
Modem- A modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over
Router - A device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at
least two networks and are located at gateways
Server - A computer or device on a network that manages network resources

Explain the role of an ISP why are they necessary. What services do
they provide?
An Internet service provider (ISP) is a company that provides customers with Internet access the
ISPs provide this service for you so you just have to connect to them and they will
get you to where ever you want to go on the internet. If you didn't use an ISP and
wanted to go to all your regularly visited sites a LOT of wires would have to run from
your house to each server that hosted the website you wanted.
Most ISPs also offer web hosting capabilities, allowing users to create and maintain personal
web pages; and some may even offer the service of developing the pages for you.
Many ISPs offer the option of high-speed access through or cable modems, and some
still offer dial-up connections.

Explain the term dial up and explain one advantage and one
disadvantage of this
Access a computer system or service remotely via a telephone line. Low Cost
Dial-up method has always been and will remain the cheapest method of connecting to the
Internet. Sometimes, the prices go up because of the individual requirements of speed and
performance. Speed is one of the biggest disadvantages of a dial-up connection. The
maximum speed a dial-up connection can achieve is 56,000 bytes per second, which is way
too less compared to all the other technologies available, these days.

Explain the term transmission rate and how it is measured. It is

the rate at which information is processed by a transmission facility. The measured number
of units of data, such as bits, characters, blocks, or frames, transmitted during a significant
measurement time interval divided by the measurement time interval.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a wireless connection?

Advantages

Allows users to access network resources from nearly any convenient location within their
primary networking environment (a home or office). With wireless networks, users can access
the internet even outside their normal work environment. Wireless networks can serve a
suddenly-increased number of clients with the existing equipment. In a wired network,
additional clients would require additional wiring.

Disadvantages

Wireless networking signals are subject to a wide variety of interference, as well as complex
propagation effects that are beyond the control of the network administrator. While sufficient
for a typical home, it will be insufficient in a larger structure

Define what is meant by the following: Internet Protocol; Point of

Presence (PoP); Network Access Point (NAP); Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP); File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Point of presence (POP) is the point at which two or more different networks or communication
devices build a connection with each other. POP mainly refers to an access point, location or
facility that connects to and helps other devices establish a connection with the Internet.
A network access point (NAP) is a major point where internet service providers (ISPs) can
connect with one another in peering arrangements
Transmission control protocol (TCP) is a network communication protocol designed to send data
packets over the Internet
A File Transfer Protocol client (FTP client) is a software utility that establishes a connection
between a host computer and a remote server, typically an FTP server. An FTP client provides
the dual-direction transfer of data and files between two computers over a TCP network or an
Internet connection.

Explain two advantages of using HTTP over FTP for downloading

files.
HTTP is faster than FTP when downloading one big file according to test comparisons.
HTTP uses a persistent connection, which makes the performance of the TCP better.

Explain the term packet switching.

A mode of data transmission in which a message is broken into a number of parts which are
sent independently, over whatever route is optimum for each packet, and reassembled at the
destination.

UTP (Unshielded twisted

pair) cables. STP (shielded
twisted pair) has a foil
shielding.

Coaxial cable is a type

of cable that has an inner
conductor surrounded by a
tubular insulating layer,
surrounded by a tubular
conducting shield. The inner
cable transmits data and the
outer cable connects to earth.

Glass cables that use total

internal reflection of light to
transmit data.

The IR control cable,

which has two emitters
(also called "IR blasters")
at one end, is used to
send signals

Microwave short
wavelength radio
transmission working at
higher frequencies

Satellite cable is a Coax cable it

is often used to carry
data/signals from
an antenna to a receiverfrom
a satellite dish to a satellite
receiver, from a television
antenna to a television receiver