4.

5 FERTILISATION AND
PREGNANCY
GROUP 5
NUR ELLY PUTERY
FATHIHATUN NATRAH
NIESYA FARDIANA
SH. AQILAH
AYRINNI SAFIYA

FERTILISATION
1. During sexual
intercourse,one out of millions
of sperm released from the
penis into the vagina will fuse
with the ovum

2.The fussion between the

nuclues of the sperm and
the nuclues of the ovum
forms a zygote.This
happens in the Fallopian
tube.The process is called
fertilisation

PREGNANCY
1. The pregnancy starts when a
fertilisation takes place.
2. After fertilisation,the zygote
moves down the Fallopian tube to
the uterus.
3. On the way to the uterus,the
zygote undergoes cell division
many times to become a ball of

4.The embryo then

attaches itself to the
lining of the uterus wall
and develops into a
foetus

5.The period of pregnancy

starts from fertilisation until
the birth of the baby.It takes
about nine months until
the baby becomes fully
formed and ready to be
born

PROCESS INVOLVED IN
FERTILISATION AND
IMPLANTATION OF THE
EMBRYO

STAGE

PROCE
SS

DESCRIPTI
ON AND
EXPLANAT
ION

OVULATIO
N

THE RELEASE
OF A MATURE
OVUM FROM
THE OVARY
INTO THE
FALLOPIAN
TUBE

FERTILISATI
ON

THE FUSSION OF
NUCLUES OF AN
OVUM IN THE
FALLOPIAN TUBE

3,4,5

SERIES OF
CELL
DIVISION

THE ZYGOTE
DIVIDES MANY
TIMES TO
BECOME AN
EMBRYO ON
ITS WAY TO
THE UTERUS

8,9

IMPLANTATIO
N

THE ATTACHMENT
OF AN EMBRYO
TO THE LINING OF
THE UTERINE
WALL AND THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF THE EMBRYO
IN THE UTERINE
WALL

IMPLANTATION OF EMBRYO
1. About 7 to 8 days after
fertilisation,the embryo reaches the
uterus and implants itself to the wall of
the uterus.The attachment of the
embryo to the lining of the uterus wall
is called implantation
2.A protective sac and the amniotic
cavity begin to form around the
embryo

3.At this stage,the

embryo obtains its
nutrients and oxygen
from the blood vessels in
the unterine wall

Development of the Embryo

into the Foetus
1. The embryo continues to grow
inside a sac surrounded by a
membrane called amnion
2.The sac is filled with a liquid called
amniotic fluid

3.About 10 to 14 days after

fertilisation,the plancenta starts to
form.The placenta starts to form.The
placenta is made of embryonic tissues
and material.
4.The cells of embryo continue to
divide many times.Eight weeks after
fertilisation a foetus is formed.
5.The foetus is joined to the placenta
by the unbilical cord

6.The foetus continues to grow

in the uterus until it is born as
a baby
7.The foetus has its own blood
circulatory system that does
not mix the mothers blood

STRUCTURE

AMNION

AMNIOTIC
FLUID

DESCRIPTION
AND
FUNCTION
A MEMBRANE THAT
FORMS THE AMNIOTIC
SAC.
FUNCTION:
SURROUNDS AND
PROTECTS THE EMBRYO
THE FLUID INSIDE THE
AMNIOTIC SAC
FUNCTION:
ACTS AS A CUSHION OR
SHOCK ABSORBER TO
PROTECT THE EMBRYO
AND LATER THE FOETUS
FROM PHYSICAL DAMAGE

PLACENTA

A DISC-LIKE STRUCTURE
WHICH MADE OF TISSUES
FROM UTERINE WALL AND
CONTAINS MANY BLOOD
VESSELS.
FUNCTION:
THE PLACE WHERE THE
EXCHANGE OF
NUTRIENTS,OXYGEN,CARBO
N DIOXIDE AND WATES
PRODUCTS TAKES PLACE
BETWEEN THE MOTHERS
BLOOD AND THE FOETAL
BLOOD.

UMBILICAL
CORD

BLOOD VESSELS WHICH

CONNECTS THE FOETUS TO
THE PLACENTA.
FUNCTION:
UMBILICAL VEIN CHANNELS
FOOD AND OXYGEN FROM

BIRTH OF THE BABY

1.At about nine months,the baby is ready to
be born.
2.During birth,
a) the amnion breaks and the amniotic fluid
flows out
b) the uterine muscles contract
c)the cervix opens
d)the force of contraction pushes the baby
out throught the vagina.

THE SEQUENCE OF
PROCESSES THAT TAKE
PLACE DURING THE
DEVELOPMENT OF AN
EMBRYO INTO THE BABY

THANK YOU FOR

PAYING ATTENTION