By Gaga Irawan Nugraha

M ED IC A L IS LA M IC
P ER S P EC TIV E O F LA W
(S YA R IA H )

 Islamic idealism explains to man his

role in the universe, the goal of his life

and the means to achieve this goal.
It is termed Shariah, thus singled
out of man-made theories and
methodologies

To each among you have We prescribed a

Shir'at (Law) and an Open Way. (5:48)

The Shariah ofIslam is based on the follow ing

principles:

1. Unity of the Creator.

2. Unity of the created
3. Unity of the Nation (Umma).
4. Viceroyalty on earth

U nity ofthe Creator

Monotheism is to render to Allah all power and

authority, either in the conscience of the individual or

in the living realities of life.
In as much as man dedicates faithfully his slavery to
Allah, he evades slavery to other than Allah.
Thus, the meanings of dignity and liberty are
integrated and complete for each individual in the
community.
On the basis of believing in Allah, the One, and in the
religion revealed to His Messenger, Mohammed (r),
Moslems' hearts and minds all meet in the worship of
Allah, and their efforts are consolidated for the
colonisation of earth and the establishment of
civilisation.

U nity ofCreatures
The whole universe is created by

Allah the Elevated. Therefore, all

creatures are interrelated and
interacting in a state of harmony. It
is impossible for any creature to be
independent; the existence of any
creature is rather subject to the
existence of others, starting from the
atom and its constituents and ending
with man- the superior living
creature.

M ans unity w ith other creatures is apparent in

the follow ing perceptions:
1. Man is created to worship Allah alone. Allah says:
)(
"I have only created Jinns and men, that they may serve me."
(51:56)
2. Worship of Allah will be realised through Faith and righteous
work on earth.
3. Righteous work will not be achieved unless the body is
maintained healthy and able to utilise the good of earth and
heaven, which Allah has made serviceable to man.
)(
"And He has subjected to you, as from Him, all that is
in the heavens and on earth: behold, in that are signs
indeed for those who reflect. (45:13)
4. The underlying reason behind creating the earth and its wealth is
to help people to worship Allah and attain His pleasure.
5. Allah has made man His viceroy on earth,
)(
"It is He Who has made you inheritors in the earth.." (35:39)

U nity ofN ations

Since the creation of Adam, Allah has

provided man with points of weakness

and strength, and man is provided, as
well, with points of good and evil, as
both are the model of continuous
struggle throughout history between
right and wrong. All human beings who
have turned their faces towards Allah
and done righteous work in life have one
religion extending all through the
heavenly messages.

 "He has laid down for you as religion

that he charged Noah with, and that

We have revealed to thee, and that
We charged Abraham with, Moses
and Jesus: 'Perform the religion, and
scatter not regarding it'." (42:13)

Unity ofUm m a is achieved by the follow ing

factors
1. UNITY OF DOCTRINE. All Moslems believe in Allah,

the One, and in His messengers, whose seal is the

Prophet Mohammed (r) and in all revelations of the
prophets.
2. UNITY OF METHODOLOGY. It is represented in
the Shariah of Allah, which is not a system created by
human beings.
3. UNITY OF JUDGEMENT. The Quran and the
Sunnah of the Prophet (r) are the only calibre of
judgement in all peoples affairs.
4. UNITY OF VALUES. All behavioural and moral
principles are decreed by Allah, Who knows His
creation as He is the Gracious (Al Latif) and the Aware
(Al Khabeer).

Viceroyalty on Earth
1. Viceroyalty means deputation.
2. Man and the universe are both initiated in creation
and existence by Allah, and unto Him all will return,
as Allah is the Preserver (Al Muhaymen).
3. Viceroyalty is derived from the principle of the
Creators oneness, in Whose Hands are the
dominion of everything, and He is the Possessor and
the Giver Who has given man the Trust of
Viceroyalty on earth.
4. Being Allahs viceroy in His earthly dominion, man
should get acquainted with the cosmic laws. Allah
has provided man with mind and will to discover
these laws and utilise them in the colonisation of
earth, and Allah has subjugated what is in the earth
for man's will.

Ar
Rasul

Al
Insaa
n

AL
Quraa
n

C O N STITU EN TS O F
V IC ER O YA LTY

Man is distinguished among other

creatures with the trust of viceroyalty

"We did indeed offer the trust to the heavens and the
earth and the mountains; but they refused to
undertake it, being afraid thereof: but man undertook
it..." (33:72)

R EQ U IR EM EN TS O F
1.
theYA
Umma,
which Allah has asked for, when He says;
VEstablishing
IC ER O
LTY
"Verily, this brotherhood of yours is a single brotherhood, and I am
your Lord and Cherisher: therefore serve Me (and no other).
(21:92) And;

is a fulfilment of the instinct of human assemblage, and it goes in

harmony with the law of cosmic unity. As a cosmic norm, such
assemblage is originally intended for goodness, applying
viceroyalty and the good performance of religious observances
(Ebadat).
2. Thus, knowledge, work and righteous members of Umma are
utilised to enhance Allah's word. Material production should not
be desired as a sublime value. Man possesses the material, and
is not possessed by material.

Viceroyalty is based on three elem ents,

w hich w illbe dealt w ith in detail

1. Colonisation of earth and

establishment of civilisation.
2. Protection of this civilisation from
corruption.
3. Reformation of any corruption.