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Implicit information can be learned at early age, and its learn ability
decreases with age.
Those features can be taken as identifiers for the characterization of each
type of knowledge.
NON-INTERFACE POSITION
WEAK INTERFACE
However, Ellis (2007) sais that: It argues that although the two types of
knowledge are still distinct, there is a relationship between the two types of
knowledge and they work together during L2 production.
STRONG INTERFACE
- L1 French: n=...
- L1 German: n=
- L1 English: n=
- L1 Spanish: n=
In conclusion, native speakers are able to make this contrast. Learners must
have the knowledge of the relevant grammatical property, even though they
are not conscious of it (unconscious knowledge).
The goal of second language pedagogy is to help learners to perfectly
reproduce linguistic structures in the target language. The structure of
sentences (syntax), the sound of sentences (phonetics/ phonology) and the
meaning of sentences (semantics) are components of this unconscious
system. Some properties that pertain to syntax, semantics and pragmatics
are universal, i.e., the same for all languages; some other properties,
however, mostly relating to functional morphology, are language specific
and are described as subject to parametric variation.
REFERENCES