CN106 Engineering Surveying

s
School of the Environment

Semester 2 Examinations 2005-2006

CN106
ENGINEERING SURVEYING
Instructions:
Time allowed:

THREE hours

Answer:

Answer ALL questions

Items supplied:

Mathematical Formulae

All working must be shown

Wednesday 7 June 2005 9:30 -12:30 hours

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CN106 Engineering Surveying

Question 1
(a)

During a two-peg test on a level, four points E, F, G and H are pegged

out in a straight line such that EF = FG = GH = 25 m.
Readings taken with a level at F gave values of 1.907 m and 1.732 m
on levelling staffs held vertically at E and G respectively. With the level
at H, readings of 2.014 m at E and 1.861 m at G were obtained.
Calculate the collimation error of the level and state if adjustment is
required.
(6 marks)

(b)

The following measurements were recorded using a total station during

a detail survey.
At station A RL = 19.175 m
Height of total station above A = 1.495 m
Height of reflector (prism) on detail pole = 1.350 m
Point
sighted

Horizontal
angle

00 55 20

73 19 30

88 36 00

Vertical
circle
reading
87 03
10
92 17
50
89 00
20

Slope
distance
38.175 m
45.078 m
27.365 m

Calculate the heights of points 1, 2 and 3.

(7 marks)
(c)

The observations given below were taken with a total station.

Total
stat
ion
pos
itio
n
X
X

Reflector
positi
on

Horizontal
circle
reading

Vertical angle

Slope
distance

1174552

+ 023845

25.364 m

2203305

044227

28.054 m

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CN106 Engineering Surveying

Calculate the horizontal distance between A and B.

(7 marks)

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CN106 Engineering Surveying

Question 2
(a)

The measured angles and lengths of a closed polygon traverse are

given below.
Angle

Observed angle

Line

Horizontal length

870800

AB

102.612 m

1114720

BC

106.259 m

974640

CD

180.380 m

631600

DA

164.851 m

Calculate the fractional linear misclosure for the traverse.

(14 marks)
(b)

The coordinates of three control stations P, Q and R are given below.

Station

Coordinates
mE

mN

456.241

278.019

258.362

303.480

197.854

358.257

Calculate the internal angles and lengths of the triangle PQR formed by
these stations.
(6 marks)

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CN106 Engineering Surveying

Question 3
The corners of a rectangular building B1, B2, B3 and B4 are to be set out
using a total station and site grid points S1 and S2. The coordinates of the
building corners and points S1 and S2 are:
Site grid point or
building corner

Coordinates
mE

mN

B1

500.000

500.000

B2

512.688

505.917

B3

516.280

498.213

B4

503.592

492.296

S1

525.000

525.000

S2

525.000

475.000

(a)

If site grid point S2 is inaccessible but can be sighted from S1,

calculate the data required to set out all the building corners from site
grid point S1.
(10 marks)

(b)

The setting out is checked by measuring all the building sides and
diagonals with a 30 m steel tape laid on the ground.
For the diagonal from B1 to B3 the following measurements were
taken:
Length recorded on tape
Tension applied to tape
Temperature

= 16.452 m
= 100 N
= 3C

The following information is also available:

30 m tape was standardised on a 29.394 m baseline as follows:
Length recorded on tape = 29.387 m
Temperature
= 12C
Tension applied to tape
= 50 N
The slope angle along B1-B3 = 0527
Cross-sectional area of the tape = 1.85 mm2
Calculate the error in diagonal B1-B3.
Note: Physical constants for steel are given on the formula sheet for
the exam.
(10 marks)

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CN106 Engineering Surveying

Question 4
An existing sewer at A is to be extended to a point B on a falling gradient of 1
in 140.The horizontal distance AB = 96.15 m
Levels were taken to establish the longitudinal profile between A and B and
the level readings below were obtained.
BS

IS

FS

Distance

1.456

Remarks
TBM 16.715 m

0.987

1.854

CP

1.524

1.962

CP

1.033

1.753

0m

Peg at A

0.463

20 m

Peg at 20 m

0.713

40 m

Peg at 40 m

60 m

Peg at 60 m

80 m

Peg at 80 m

96.15 m

Peg at B

1.620

1.563
1.270

1.368

1.054

0.780

0.830

CP

1.674

TBM 14.792 m

The invert level at A is 13.850 m, a granular bedding of 150 mm is to be

added to the trench before pipelaying and the pipes have a thickness of 20
mm.
(a)

Select a suitable traveller length and calculate the heights at which

sight rails must be erected above A, B and each 20 m peg so that the
bottom of the trench can be excavated ready for pipelaying.
(18 marks)

(b)

Calculate the length of traveller you would use to set out the invert
using the same sight rails.
(2 marks)

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CN106 Engineering Surveying

Question 5
10 Multiple choice questions.
Please choose the MOST CORRECT ANSWER for each question.
If you think the answer to Question 5.1 is e write 5.1 = e in your answer book.
Repeat for all other questions.
TWO marks each
5.1

The main purpose of engineering surveying on a construction site is to

a
b
c
d
e

5.2

For traversing, a reconnaissance is carried out to

a
b
c
d
e

5.3

The horizontal circle is set so that 00 00 00 is the first reading

Two rounds must be taken to check for any mistakes
Only one round can be taken
Face right readings are not necessary
None of these apply

The whole circle bearing of a line

a
b
c
d
e

5.5

Make sure the survey equipment to be used is available

Make sure that the site is accessible
Locate suitable positions for traverse stations
Obtain as much information about the site as possible
Do none of these

When measuring horizontal angles

a
b
c
d
e

5.4

Produce maps or plans of the site

Measure and cost volumes of material moved around the site
Carry out as-built surveys for a project
Ensure that the project is built with the correct dimensions
Monitor for structural movement

Is always an arbitrary direction chosen for convenience

Is measured anticlockwise from a chosen north direction
Lies in the range 0 360
Differs by 180 from the forward bearing of a line
Is none of these

A structural grid is
a
b
c
d
e

Used to define coordinates for design points for a building project

Often established around a building to locate column centres
Used to define coordinates for a site survey at the start of construction
Set out from the survey grid
None of these

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CN106 Engineering Surveying

5.6

One of the advantages of using GPS on site is

a
b
c
d
e

5.7

Rotating laser instruments are used in surveying for

a
b
c
d
e

5.8

b
c
d
e

Transverse profiles are often used to transfer control to the bottom of

a trench
Sight rails are not required if a laser pipelaying system is used
Sight rails are usually set out at 100 m intervals
Profiles are put in place to help locate the centre of the pipe line
None of these apply

When setting out by bearing and distance

a
b
c
d
e

5.10

Measuring angles and distances

Setting out using coordinates
Pipelaying
Levelling and measuring heights
None of these

When setting out drainage

a

5.9

It is not expensive to install

It is much more accurate than using total stations
It can measure heights much more accurately than by levelling
It is used by one person when setting out
None of these

The heights and coordinates of the control points used must be known
A minimum of three control points are needed to check the setting out
Because it can measure angles and distances at the same time a total
station is always used
A check can be applied by taping the distance between the points set
out
None of these apply

When drawing a survey plan at a scale of 1 in 50

a
b
c
d
e

The plotting accuracy used must be 5 mm

Control points are plotted using the radiation method
Only hard detail is shown
Contours are usually shown at 10 m intervals
It should be drawn on polyester film

(20 marks in total for Question 5)

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