Drugs

Receptor

Adrenaline

and

Therapeutic Effect

Vasodilation at low doses ( effect)

Vasoconstriction at high doses (
effect)
Bronchodilation
Restore cardiac rhythm in patient with
cardiac arrest

Vasoconstriction

Low doses : Activate increase

cardiac output
High doses : Activate
vasoconstriction
D1 dilate renal and splachnic nerve
(increase blood flow to kidney and
viscera)
Increae cardiac output in acute
congestive heart failure but does not
elevate oxygen demand in
myocardium
Inotropic support after surgery

Noradrenal
ine

and
( is most
affected)

Isoprenalin
e
Dopamine

(non
selective)
1,, 1, D1, D2

Dobutamin
e

Toxic Effect

CNS disturbance
Hemorrhage
Cardiac arrhythmia
Polmonary edema

Time
Durati
on
Short
(IV
route)

Same as Adr
May cause paleness
and sloughy skin
due to extreme
vasoconstriction
Rarely used as clinical drugs

Short
(IV
route)

Nausea
Hypertension
Arrythmia

Short

Should be used with

caution in atrial
fibrillation because
it increase AV
conduction

Phenylephr
ine

Salbutamol

Vasoconstriction (raise both systole

and diastolic)
Remedy for nasal stuffiness constrict
blood vessel in nasal,decrease airway
resistance (Topical)
Cause mydriasis
Induce reflex bradycardia (Parental)
Dilate bronchial smooth muscle (for
asthma, chronic bronchitis)

Large doses cause :

Hypertensive
headache
Cardiac irregularity

Tremor
Shakiness
Anxiety

Direct Acting Drugs Bind without interacting with presynaptic neurone

Longer

Indirect acting drugs Cause noradrenaline release from presynaptic terminals or block the uptake of
norepinephrine to adrenergic receptors

Drugs

Receptor

Amphetamine
(can penetrate CNS)

Therapeutic
Effect

Tyramine
Cocaine
(can penetrate CNS)

Toxic Effect

Time duration

Increase blood Cause adverse effect

to development of
pressure
fetus
Treat ADHD,
narcolepsy
Supress
appetite
Rarely used as clinical drug
Local
Reduce fatigue
anesthetic
and mental
(nasal and
alertness
lacrimal duct
surgery)

Mixed acting drugs

Drugs

Receptor

Ephedrine
(can penetrate CNS)

and

Therapeutic
Effect

Toxic Effect

Time Duration
Longer

Alertness

-blocker drugs
Drugs

Receptor

Phenoxybenza
mine

blocker (non-selective)
-Irreversible,

Therapeutic Effect

Prevent
vasoconstriction

Toxic Effect

Induce reflex
tachycardia

Duratio
n
Longer

Phentolamine

noncompetitive

Treat Raynauds
syndrome

Nasal stuffiness
Nausea
Vomitting

blocker (non-selctive)
-Reversible, competitive

Treat
phaechromocytoma
Prevent dermal
necrosis
Treat hypertensive
Treat congestive heart
failure
Treat BPH

Cause angina pain

Arrythmia

Nasal congestion
Orthostatic
hypotension
Inhibit ejaculation

Prazosin

1 blocker

Short

-blocker drugs
Drugs

Recepto
r

Propano
lol
(enters
CNS)

blocker
(nonselective)

Timolol

Atenolol

blocker
(nonselctive)

1 blocker
(cardiosele

Therapeutic Effect

Lower blood pressure ni hypertension

Treat chronic migraine
Treat hyperthyroidism
Decrease oxygen requirement in heart
muscle (angina pectoris)
Protective effect on the myocardium
Reduces production of aqueous humor in
the eye.
Treat chronic open-angle glaucoma
(topical)
Systemic treatment of hypertension
Useful in hypertensive patients with
impaired pulmonary function (Atenolol

Toxic Effect

Cause
bronchoconstriction
Cause arrythmmias
Sexual impairment

Bradycardia
Congestive heart failure
Obstruct airway
Contraindicated with
asthma

Duratio
n

ctive)

has less effect on peripheral vascular 2

receptor)
Useful in diabetic and asthmatic patients