UNITEDSTATESSAILINGASSOCIATION

RACINGRULESOFSAILING20052008(ABRIDGED)
THEBARENECESSITIES
NOTE:Sailboatracingisconductedthroughouttheworldunderthesamerulesand
regulationsthatareupdatedeveryfouryearsbytheInternationalSailingFederation.All
oftheserulesapplytoracesheldonPisecoLake.Eachskipperisresponsiblefor
knowingtherules,publishedeveryfouryearsbytheU.S.SailingAssociation.The
followingrules,takendirectlyfromthe20052008editionaretheoneswearemost
likelytoencounterduringanormalrace.Interpretivecommentsweretakenfromthe
DVDLEARNTHERACINGRULESbyDavidDellenbaugh.Eachmemberis
encouragedtoborrowtheDVDbycontactingthePYCCommodore.

PART1FUNDAMENTALRULES
SAFETY
1.1HelpingThoseinDanger
Aboatorcompetitorshallgiveallpossiblehelptoanypersonorvesselindanger.
Comment:Shallmeansmandatory.Trytonotethetimeandyourposition
whenyoubegansailingtohelp,andwhenyougotbackintherace.Asktherace
committeefortime/positioncompensation.
1.2 LifeSavingEquipmentandPersonalBuoyancy
Aboatshallcarryadequatelifesavingequipmentforallpersonsonboard,including
oneitemreadyforimmediateuse,unlessherclassrulesmakesomeotherprovision.
Eachcompetitorisindividuallyresponsibleforwearingpersonalbuoyancyadequate
fortheconditions.
2

FairSailing
Aboatandherownershallcompeteincompliancewithrecognizedprinciplesof
sportsmanshipandfairplay.Aboatmaybepenalizedunderthisruleonlyifitis
clearlyestablishedthattheseprincipleshavebeenviolated.Adisqualificationunder
thisruleshallnotbeexcludedfromtheboatsseriesscore.
Comment:Thisimportantruleleadstoaseverepenaltydisqualificationthat
mustbecounted.

4DecisiontoRace
Theresponsibilityforaboatsdecisiontoparticipateinaraceorcontinueracingis
hersalone.

Comment:Cantfaultorblametheracecommitteeforholdingtherace.
PART2WHENBOATSMEET
SECTIONARIGHTOFWAY
Aboathasrightofwaywhenanotherboatisrequiredtokeepclearofher.
However,somerulesinSectionsB,CandDlimittheactionsofarightofway
boat.
10Onoppositetacks
Whenboatsareonoppositetacks,aporttackboatshallkeepclearofastarboard
tackboat.
11OntheSameTack,Overlapped
Whenboatsareonthesametackandoverlapped,awindwardboatshallkeepclearof
aleewardboat.
Comment:ThisistherulethatisviolatedwhenaboatBargesatthestartofa
race.
12OntheSameTack,NotOverlapped
Whenboatsareonthesametackandnotoverlapped,aboatclearasternshallkeep
clearofaboatclearahead.
13WhileTacking
Afteraboatpassesheadtowind,sheshallkeepclearofotherboatsuntilsheisona
closehauledcourse.Duringthattimerules10,11and12donotapply.Iftwoboats
aresubjecttothisruleatthesametime,theoneontheothersportsideortheone
asternshallkeepclear.
SECTIONBGENERALLIMITATIONS
14AvoidingContact
Aboatshallavoidcontactwithanotherboatifreasonablypossible.However,aright
ofwayboatoroneentitledtoroom

(a) neednotacttoavoidcontactuntilitisclearthattheotherboatisnotkeeping
clearorgivingroom,and
(b) shallnotbepenalizedunderthisruleunlessthereiscontactthatcausesdamage
orinjury.
Comment:Rulesintentistominimizethenumberofcollisions,especiallythe
intentionalones.

15AcquiringRightofWay
Whenaboatacquiresrightofway,sheshallinitiallygivetheotherboatroomto
keepclear,unlesssheacquiresrightofwaybecauseoftheotherboatsactions.
Comment:Whenaboatsuddenlygainsrightofway,shemustgivetheother
boatspaceandtimeforresponseandafairopportunitytokeepclear.Aleewardboat
onthesametackgainsrightofwaywhenshehasestablishedanoverlap(bowahead
oftheothersstern).
16ChangingCourse

16.1 Whenarightofwayboatchangescourse,sheshallgivetheotherboatroomto
keepclear.
16.2 Inaddition,whenafterthestartingsignalaporttackboatiskeepingclearby
sailingtopassasternofastarboardtackboat,thestarboardtackboatshallnot
changecourseifasaresulttheporttackboatwouldimmediatelyneedtochange
coursetocontinuekeepingclear.
17OntheSameTack;ProperCourse
17.1 Ifaboatclearasternbecomesoverlappedwithintwoofherhulllengthstoleeward
ofaboatonthesametack,sheshallnotsailaboveherpropercoursewhilethey
remainoverlappedwithinthatdistance,unlessindoingsoshepromptlysailsastern
oftheotherboat.Thisruledoesnotapplyiftheoverlapbeginswhilethe
windwardboatisrequiredbyrule13tokeepclear.
Comment:Remember1.boatsareonthesametack,2.oneboatcomesfrom
clearasternandestablishesanoverlapwithintwoboatlengthsoftheother,3.
beforethestartthereisnopropercoursesoaboatcanforcetheotherup,4.there
isnooverlapifaboatisrequiredbyrule13tokeepclear,5.aboatcanheadup
anotherboatwhileitistacking.
17.2 Exceptonabeattowindward,whileaboatislessthantwoofherhulllengthsfrom
aleewardboatoraboatclearasternsteeringacoursetoleewardofher,sheshall
notsailbelowherpropercourseunlessshegybes.
Comment;Aboatsailingdownwindthatisclearaheadortowindwardcannot
sailbelowherpropercourseifanotherboatwithintwolengthsisattemptingto
passtoleeward.However,shecanbearuporlufftopreventawindwardside
passingattempt.
SECTIONCATMARKSANDOBSTRUCTIONS

TotheextentthataSectionCruleconflictswitharuleinSectionAorB,the
SectionCruletakesprecedence.
Comment:Rulesaboutmarksandobstructionstakeprecedenceoverallother
rules.
18RoundingandPassingMarksandObstructions
Inrule18,roomisroomforaninsideboattoroundorpassbetweenanoutside
boatandamarkorobstruction,includingroomtotackorgybewheneitherisa
normalpartofthemanoeuvre.
18.1

WhenthisRuleApplies
Rule18applieswhenboatsareabouttoroundorpassamarktheyarerequiredto
leaveonthesameside,oranobstructiononthesameside,untiltheyhavepassedit.
However,itdoesnotapply
(a) atastartingmarksurroundedbynavigablewateroratitsanchorlinefromthe
timetheboatsareapproachingthemtostartuntiltheyhavepassedthem,or
(b) whiletheboatsareonoppositetacks,eitheronabeattowindwardorwhenthe
propercourseforoneofthem,butnotboth,toroundorpassthemarkor
obstructionistotack.
Comment:Aboatabouttoroundorpassamarkistwoormoreboatlengths
fromthemarkdependingon:1.boatsizeandspeed,2.windstrength,3.presence
ofcurrentorwaves(largeones),4.amountofsailhandlingrequiredbefore
rounding.Rule18appliesuntilthesternsofbothboatsarepastthemarkor
obstruction.Rule18doesntapplyatastartinglinesurroundedbynavigable
water(antibarging)whenboatsaremakingtheirfinalpasstothestartingline.
Theleewardboatcanluffthewindwardboatallthewaytoheadtowindevenif
shepassesfromclearastern,becausethereisnopropercoursebeforethestart.
Butoncethegungoesoff,theleewardboat(ifitestablishedtheoverlapfrom
clearastern)mustbearofftoletthewindwardboatpassbehindthecommittee
boat,asthereisnowapropercourse.NotethataBargingboatcouldstillbe
forcedupbeforethecommitteeboat,whentheleewardboatwouldnothave
establishedtheoverlapfromclearastern.Rule18doesnotapplyatthepinend
ofthestartingline.Alsonotethataporttackboatcannotgetbuoyroomfroma
starboardtacker.

18.2

GivingRoom;KeepingClear
(a) Overlappedbasicrule
Whenboatsareoverlappedtheoutsideboatshallgivetheinsideboatroomto
roundorpassthemarkorobstruction,andiftheinsideboathasrightofwaythe
outsideboatshallalsokeepclear.Otherpartsofrule18containexceptionsto
thisrule.
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Comment:Ifagybeisanormalmoveatthemark,theoutsideboatmustgive
theinsideboatenoughroomtogybe.Instrongerwinds,theoutsideboatmust
givemoreroomtotheinsideboat.
(b) Overlappedatthezone
Ifboatswereoverlappedbeforeeitherofthemreachedthetwolengthzoneand
theoverlapisbrokenafteroneofthemhasreachedit,theboatthatwasonthe
outsideshallcontinuetogivetheotherboatroom.Iftheoutsideboatbecomes
clearasternoroverlappedinsidetheotherboat,sheisnotentitledtoroomand
shallkeepclear.
(c) Notoverlappedatthezone
Ifaboatwasclearaheadatthetimeshereachedthetwolengthzone,theboat
clearasternshallthereafterkeepclear.Iftheboatclearasternbecomes
overlappedoutsidetheotherboat,sheshallalsogivetheinsideboatroom.If
theboatclearasternbecomesoverlappedinsidetheotherboat,sheisnot
entitledtoroom.Iftheboatthatwasclearaheadpassesheadtowind,rule
18.2(c)nolongerappliesandremainsinapplicable.
Comment:Thecriticalmomentdeterminingwhether18.2bor18.2cappliesis
whenoneoftheboatsreachesthetwolengthzone.Whenrule18.2capplies,it
doesntmatterwhichtackstheboatsareon.Oncethetwoboatlengthzoneis
reached,aboatthatpassesheadtowindmustkeepclearoftheotherboat.
(d) Changingcoursetoroundorpass
Whenafterthestartingsignalrule18appliesbetweentwoboatsandtheright
ofwayboatischangingcoursetoroundorpassamark,rule16doesnotapply
betweenherandtheotherboat.
Comment:Thisistheonlytimerule16doesntapply;sotheoutsideboatcan
closethegapbetweenherandthemark,forcingtheinsideboattogobehind.
(e) Overlaprights
Ifthereisareasonabledoubtthataboatobtainedorbrokeanoverlapintime,it
shallbepresumedthatshedidnot.Iftheoutsideboatisunabletogiveroom
whenanoverlapbegins,rules18.2(c)and18.2(b)donotapply.
Comment:Otherboatsmustbeabletorespondtoaninsideoverlap;ifthey
cant(forexampletherearethreeorfourboatscloselyparalleltoeachother),
thentheinsideboatcantforcethemanywhere.
18.3

TackingataMark

Iftwoboatswereapproachingamarkonoppositetacksandoneofthemcompletes
atackinthetwolengthzonewhentheotherisfetchingthemark,rule18.2doesnot
apply.Theboatthattacked
(a) shallnotcausetheotherboattosailaboveclosehauledtoavoidherorprevent
theotherboatfrompassingthemark,and
(b) shallgiveroomiftheotherboatbecomesoverlappedinsideher,inwhichcase
rule15doesnotapply.
Comment:Thisruleismeanttomaketackingatthemarkmoredifficult,thus
reducingconfusionatthemark.Threeconditionsarerequiredforrule18.3to
apply:1.twoboatsmusthaveapproachedthemarkonoppositetacks;2.oneof
theboatsmustcompleteatackinsidethetwolengthzone;3.whenoneboat
completeshertack,theotherboatmustbefetchingthemark(shecanpassonthe
requiredsideofthemarkwithouttacking).Whentheseconditionshavebeen
met,thetackedboatmustnotgetinthewayoftheotherboat,causingthesecond
boattosailaboveclosehauled.So!Avoidapproachingamarkonporttack
whenthereistraffic.
18.4

Gybing
Whenaninsideoverlappedrightofwayboatmustgybeatamarkorobstructionto
sailherpropercourse,untilshegybessheshallsailnofartherfromthemarkor
obstructionthanneededtosailthatcourse.
Comment:Thepurposeofthisruleistoproduceorderlymarkroundings.Once
theboatgybes,rule18.4turnsoffandnolongerlimitshercourse.

18.5

PassingaContinuingObstruction
Whileboatsarepassingacontinuingobstruction,rules18.2(b)and18.2(c)donot
apply.Aboatclearasternthatobtainsaninsideoverlapisentitledtoroomtopass
betweentheotherboatandtheobstructiononlyifatthemomenttheoverlapbegins
thereisroomtodoso.Ifthereisnot,sheisnotentitledtoroomandshallkeep
clear.
Comment:Notetheremustberoomatthetimetheoverlapisestablishedforthe
boatclearasterntosailbetweenthecontinuingobstructionandtheotherboat.If
not,shecannotattempttopassbetweenthem.Inrule18.5,rule18.2cdoesnot
apply.

19 RoomtoTackatanObstruction
19.1

Whenapproachinganobstruction,aboatsailingclosehauledorabovemayhail
forroomtotackandavoidanotherboatonthesametack.However,sheshallnot
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hailunlesssafetyrequireshertomakeasubstantialcoursechangetoavoidthe
obstruction.Beforetackingsheshallgivethehailedboattimetorespond.The
hailedboatshallrespondbyeither
a. tackingassoonaspossible,inwhichcasethehailingboatshallalsotackas
soonaspossible,or
(a) immediatelyreplyingYoutack,inwhichcasethehailingboatshalltackas
soonaspossibleandthehailedboatshallgiveroom,andrules10and13do
notapply.
19.2

Rule19.1doesnotapplyatastartingmarksurroundedbynavigablewaterorat
itsanchorlinefromthetimeboatsareapproachingthemtostartuntiltheyhave
passedthemoratthemarkthatthehailedboatcanfetch.Whenrule19.1applies,
rule18doesnot.

SECTIONDOTHERRULES
Whenrule20or21appliesbetweentwoboats,SectionArulesdonot.
Comment:Theseareexceptionstothepreviousrules.
20 StartingErrors;PenaltyTurns;MovingAstern
20.1

Aboatsailingtowardstheprestartsideofthestartinglineoritsextensionsafter
herstartingsignaltostartortocomplywithrule30.1shallkeepclearofaboatnot
doingsountilsheiscompletelyontheprestartside.

Comment:Rule30.1isoptional,andthePYChasdecidednottouseit.However,the
boatreturningtotheprestartsideofthestartinglinemuststillkeepclearofallboatsnot
doingso.
20.2

Aboatmakingapenaltyturnshallkeepclearofonethatisnot.

20.3

Aboatmovingasternbybackingasailshallkeepclearofonethatisnot.

21 Capsized,AnchoredorAground;Rescuing
Ifpossible,aboatshallavoidaboatthatiscapsizedorhasnotregainedcontrolafter
capsizing,isanchoredoraground,oristryingtohelpapersonorvesselindanger.A
boatiscapsizedwhenhermastheadisinthewater.
22 InterferingWithAnotherBoat
22.1

Ifreasonablypossible,aboatnotracingshallnotinterferewithaboatthatis
racing.

Comment:Remember,afterfinishingaracekeeptheboatswindshadowoffthe
course.Donothinderorimpedeaboatthatisstillracing.
22.2

Aboatshallnotchangecourseifheronlypurposeistointerferewithaboat
makingapenaltyturnoroneonanotherlegoflapofthecourse.

PARTTHREECONDUCTOFARACE
30

StartingPenalties

31

TouchingaMark

31.1 Whileracing,aboatshallnottouchastartingmarkbeforestarting,amarkthat
begins,boundsorendsthelegofthecourseonwhichsheissailing,orafinishing
markafterfinishing.
31.2 Aboatthathasbrokenrule31.1may,aftergettingwellclearofotherboatsassoon
aspossible,takeapenaltybypromptlymakingoneturnincludingonetackandone
gybe.Whenaboattakesthepenaltyaftertouchingafinishingmark,sheshallsail
completelytothecoursesideofthelinebeforefinishing.However,ifaboathas
gainedasignificantadvantageintheraceorseriesbytouchingthemarkherpenalty
shallbetoretire.
Comment:Aboatdoesntneedtomakeacompleteturn,butmustmakeatack
andgybeinthesamedirection.

PART4OTHERREQUIREMENTSWHENRACING
Part4rulesapplyonlytoboatsracing.
40PersonalBuoyancy;Harnesses;LifeSavingEquipment
40.1 WhenflagYisdisplayedwithonesoundbeforeorwiththewarningsignal,
competitorsshallwearlifejacketsorotheradequatepersonalbuoyancy.Wetsuits
anddrysuitsarenotadequatepersonalbuoyancy.
USSailingprescribesthateveryboatshallcarrylifesavingequipment
conformingtogovernmentregulations.
40.2 Atrapezeorhikingharnessshallhaveadevicethatcanquicklyreleasethe
competitorfromtheboatatanytimewhileinuse.
42Propulsion
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42.1BasicRule
Exceptwhenpermittedinrule42.3or45,aboatshallcompetebyusingonlythe
windandwatertoincrease,maintainordecreaseherspeed.Hercrewmayadjust
thetrimofsailsandhull,andperformotheractsofseamanship,butshallnot
otherwisemovetheirbodiestopropeltheboat.
42.2 ProhibitedActions
Withoutlimitingtheapplicationofrule42.1,theseactionsareprohibited:
(a) pumping:repeatedfanningofanysaileitherbypullinginandreleasingthesail
orbyverticalorathwartshipsbodymovement;
(b) rocking:repeatedrollingoftheboat,inducedby
(1)bodymovement,
(2)repeatedadjustmentofthesailsorcenterboard,or
(3)steering;
(c) ooching:suddenforwardbodymovement,stoppedabruptly;
(d) sculling:repeatedmovementofthehelmthatiseitherforcefulorthatpropels
theboatforwardorpreventsherfrommovingastern;
(e) repeatedtacksorgybesunrelatedtochangesinthewindortotactical
considerations.
42.3 Exceptions
(a) Aboatmayberolledtofacilitatesteering.
(b) Aboatscrewmaymovetheirbodiestoexaggeratetherollingthatfacilitates
steeringtheboatthroughatackorgybe,providedthat,justafterthetackor
gybeiscompleted,theboatsspeedisnotgreaterthanitwouldhavebeeninthe
absenceofthetackorgybe.
(c) Exceptonabeattowindward,whensurfing(rapidlyacceleratingdownthe
leewardsideofawave)orplaningispossible,theboatscrewmaypullthe
sheetandtheguycontrollinganysailinordertoinitiatesurfingorplanning,but
onlyonceforeachwaveorgustofwind.
(d) Whenaboatisaboveaclosehauledcourseandeitherstationaryormoving
slowly,shemaysculltoturntoaclosehauledcourse.
(e) Aboatmayreducespeedbyrepeatedlymovingherhelm.
(f) Anymeansofpropulsionmaybeusedtohelpapersonoranothervesselin
danger.
(g) Togetclearaftergroundingorcollidingwithanotherboatorobject,aboatmay
useforceappliedbythecrewofeitherboatandanyequipmentotherthana
propulsionengine.
Note:Interpretationsofrule42areavailableattheISAFwebsite
(www.sailing.org)orbymailuponrequest.

44PenaltiesforBreakingRulesofPartTwo
44.1TakingaPenalty
AboatthatmayhavebrokenaruleofPart2whileracingmaytakeapenaltyatthe
timeoftheincident.HerpenaltyshallbeaTwoTurnsPenaltyunlessthesailing
instructionsspecifytheuseoftheScoringPenaltyorsomeotherpenalty.However,
ifshecausedinjuryorseriousdamageorgainedasignificantadvantageintherace
orseriesbyherbreachherpenaltyshallbetoretire.
44.2 TwoTurnsPenalty
Aftergettingwellclearofotherboatsassoonaftertheincidentaspossible,aboat
takesaTwoTurnsPenaltybypromptlymakingtwoturnsinthesamedirection,
includingtwotacksandtwogybes.Whenaboattakesthepenaltyatornearthe
finishingline,sheshallsailcompletelytothecoursesideofthelinebefore
finishing.
Comment:Aboatmustdotheturnsassoonaspossible;cantwaituntilalater
timefurtherdowntheleg.
Comment:Rulesarenotsupposedtohelpyouwintherace,theywerecreatedto
helpavoidcollisionsandgiveeveryoneafairchance.
DEFINITIONS
AbandonAracethataracecommitteeorprotestcommitteeabandonsisvoidbutmaybe
resailed.
ClearAsternandClearAhead:OverlapOneboatisclearasternofanotherboatwhen
herhullandequipmentinnormalpositionarebehindalineabeamfromtheaftermost
pointoftheotherboatshullandequipmentinnormalposition.Theotherboatisclear
ahead.Theyoverlapwhenneitherisclearastern.However,theyalsooverlapwhena
boatbetweenthemoverlapsboth.Thesetermsdonotapplytoboatsonoppositetacks
unlessrule18applies.
FinishAboatfinisheswhenanypartofherhull,orcreworequipmentinnormal
position,crossesthefinishinglineinthedirectionofthecoursefromthelastmark,either
forthefirsttimeoraftertakingapenaltyunderrule31.2or44.2or,underrule28.1,after
correctinganerrormadeatthefinishingline.
InterestedPartyApersonwhomaygainorloseasaresultofaprotestcommittees
decision,orwhohasaclosepersonalinterestinthedecision.
KeepClearOneboatkeepsclearofanotheriftheothercansailhercoursewithnoneed
totakeavoidingactionand,whentheboatsareoverlappedonthesametack,ifthe

10

leewardboatcanchangecourseinbothdirectionswithoutimmediatelymakingcontact
withthewindwardboat.
LeewardandwindwardAboatsleewardsideisthesidethatis,orwhensheisheadto
wind,wasawayfromthewind.However,whensailingbytheleeordirectlydownwind,
herleewardsideisthesideonwhichhermainsaillies.Theothersideisherwindward
side.Whentwoboatsonthesametackoverlap,theoneontheleewardsideoftheother
istheleewardboat.Theotheristhewindwardboat.
MarkAnobjectthesailinginstructionsrequireaboattoleaveonaspecifiedside,anda
racecommitteeboatsurroundedbynavigablewaterfromwhichthestartingorfinishing
lineextends.Ananchorlineandobjectsattachedtemporarilyoraccidentallytoamark
arenotpartofit.
ObstructionAnobjectthataboatcouldnotpasswithoutchangingcoursesubstantially,
ifsheweresailingdirectlytowardsitandoneofherhulllengthsfromit.Anobjectthat
canbesafelypassedononlyonesideandanareasodesignatedbythesailinginstructions
arealsoobstructions.However,aboatracingisnotanobstructiontotheotherboats
unlesstheyarerequiredtokeepclearofher,giveherroomor,ifrule21applies,avoid
her.
OverlapSeeClearAsternandClearAhead;Overlap.
PartyApartytoahearing;aprotestor;aprotestee;aboatrequestingredress;aboatora
competitorthatmaybepenalizedunderrule69.1;aracecommitteeoranorganizing
authorityinahearingunderrule62.1(a).
PostponeApostponedraceisdelayedbeforeitsscheduledstartbutmaybestartedor
abandonedlater.
ProperCourseAcourseaboatwouldsailtofinishassoonaspossibleintheabsenceof
theotherboatsreferredtointheruleusingtheterm.Aboathasnopropercoursebefore
herstartingsignal.
ProtestAnallegationmadeunderrule61.2byaboat,aracecommitteeoraprotest
committeethataboathasbrokenarule.
RacingAboatisracingfromherpreparatorysignaluntilshefinishesandclearsthe
finishinglineandmarksorretires,oruntiltheracecommitteesignalsageneralrecall,
postponementorabandonment.
RoomThespaceaboatneedsintheexistingconditionswhilemanoeuvringpromptlyin
aseamanshipway.

11

Rule
(a) Therulesinthisbook,includingtheDefinitions,RaceSignals,Introduction,
preamblesandtherulesofrelevantappendices,butnottitles;
(b) ISAFRegulation19,EligibilityCode;Regulation20,AdvertisingCode;and
Regulation21,AntiDopingCode;
(c) Theprescriptionsofthenationalauthority,unlesstheyarechangedbythe
sailinginstructionsincompliancewiththenationalauthoritysprescription,if
any,torule87;
(d) Theclassrules(foraboatracingunderahandicaporratingsystem,therulesof
thatsystemareclassrules);
(e) Thenoticeofrace;
(f) Thesailinginstructions;and
(g) Anyotherdocumentsthatgoverntheevent.
StartAboatstartswhen,havingbeenentirelyontheprestartsideofthestartinglineat
orafterherstartingsignal,andhavingcompliedwithrule30.1ifitapplies,anypartof
herhull,creworequipmentcrossesthestartinglineinthedirectionofthefirstmark.
Tack,StarboardorPortAboatisonthetack,starboardorport,correspondingtoher
windwardside.
TwoLengthZoneTheareaaroundamarkorobstructionwithinadistanceoftwohull
lengthsoftheboatnearertoit.
WindwardSeeLeewardandWindward.
Youhaventwontherace,ifinwinningtherace,youvelosttherespectofyour
competition.PaulElvestrom
CA6/16/08

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