DEFINITION

Spina bifida is a congenital chronic health condition caused by a failure of

neural tube closure in a critical period of fetal development.[1] Spina bifida called
also myelodisplasia , which is a situation where there is abnormal development on
the vertebrae , spinal cord , nerves around and a sac that contains fluid around
spinal cord . This disorder cause the formation of structure that develops outside
the body. This disorder can be accompanied by other abnormalities that can effect
the development of medulla spinalis, brain stem, cerebrum or cerebellum,
meningocele, myelomeningocele, congenital tumor, hydrocephalus, or other
somatic development defect
Generally spina bifida can divided into 2 big group: spina bifida oculta and
spina bifida aperta(with meningocele or myelomeningocele).[2] Spina bifida oculta