Name : Sara shahid

Subject: Human growth and development

Topic: Freuds psychosexual stages of

development
Kohlberg moral development

Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development

Oral stage:
sucking, swallowing, biting, and breastfeeding.
Orally aggressive: chewing gum and the ends of pencils, etc.
Oral stage fixation might result in a passive, gullible,
immature, personality leading to drinking, smoking, thumb
sucking nail biting etc.

Anal stage:
hates mess, tidy, punctual and respectful of authority.
can be stubborn and tight-fisted with their cash and
possessions.
Too strict training will cause reckless, careless, defiant,
disorganized behavior.

Phallic stage :
discover the differences between males and females
feelings of erotic attraction, resentment, rivalry, jealousy and
fear
The boy focuses upon his mother, and focuses jealousy and
emotional rivalry against his father
During this stage, children often want to sleep with their
parents and become jealous when they are not the focus of
their parents attention.

Latency stage :
towards school work, hobbies and friendships.
Much of the child's energy is channeled into developing new
skills and acquiring new knowledge and play becomes
largely confined to other children of the same gender. .

 development of social and communication skills and selfconfidence.

Internal feelings of shame, guilt, and morality help maintain
this latency period
Genital stage:
interest in the welfare of others grows during this stage
the individual is well-balanced, warm, and caring.
friendships, a love relationship, family and adult
responsibilities
fixation may result in a person gaining sexual pleasure

Kohlbergs levels of moral development:

Level 1 : Preconventional
Example:
If Mary is nice to me, I'll be nice to her, but if she is mean to me, I
won't feel bad about being mean too.

Level 2 : Conventional
Example :
I am personally against the war, but would never publicly protest
it on campus without the administration's permission.

Level 3 : Post conventional

Example:
It can't be right that huge corporations sometimes pay no taxes;
that law needs to be changed, so that the burden of taxes falls
more equally on everyone's shoulders.
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