474

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Transmitter

Range
Tracker

AGC

Mixer
Duplexer
Sum Channel

Elev
Difference
Channel

Mixer

Elev Motor
& Feedback

Azim Motor
& Feedback

Amplitude
Det.

IF Amp

Phase
Sensitive
Det.

IF Amp

Phase
Sensitive
Det.

Mixer

Monopulse
Hybrid
Monopulse
Antenna

IF Amp

Local
Osc.
Posn & Rate
Current

Servo Amp

Posn & Rate

Current

Servo Amp

Video
Amp

Elev Angle Error

Secant
Gain

Azim Angle
Error

Figure 15.17: Monopulse tracking radar

At long range where the angular motion of the target is small, a very small tracking
bandwidth can be tolerated. However, at short range where target angular rates and
accelerations are large, a wider bandwidth becomes acceptable. Secant correction
increases the azimuth error signal gain as a function of the elevation angle.
Another restriction on tracking bandwidth is that it must be small (10%) compared to
the lowest natural resonant frequency of the antenna and mounting structure to reduce
the risk of instabilities occurring.

Figure 15.18: Lowest resonant frequency as a function of antenna diameter