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Properties of Liquids
Sound velocity and density of liquids and gases
Temperature: 20°C Density Sound velocity Refractive index Temperature: 20°C Density Sound velocity Refractive index
Chemical notation Chemical notation
(varying temperature in brackets) ρ [kg/dm3] c [m/s] dimensionless (varying temperature in brackets) ρ [kg/dm3] c [m/s] dimensionless
1 1,2,4 trichlorobenzene C6H3Cl3 1,459 1298 1,5717 Indene C9H8 0,998 1477 1,5768 I
1-nonene C9H18 0,731 1214 1,4257 Iodobenzene C6H5J 1,831 1114 1,62
1-octene C8H16 0,72 1182 1,4087 Isopropylbenzene (Cumol) C6H5CH(CH3)2 0,864 1340 1,4915
1-pentadecene C15H30 0,782 1348 1,4389 Kerosene 0,811 1298 1,448 K
1-tridecene C13H26 0,763 1310 1,434 Linseed oil 0,921 (31°C) 1769 (31°C) 1,48 L
1-undecene C11H22 0,755 1273 1,4261 Mesitylene C6H3(CH3)2 0,861 1361 1,4994 M
A Acetic acid CH3COOH 1,049 1147 1,3716 Methyl acetate CH3COOCH3 0,934 1150 1,3614
Acetone CH3CO.CH3 0,797 1191 1,3588 Methyl alcohol CH3OH 0,791 1125 1,3288
Acetonitrile CH3CN 0,78 1300 1,3441 Methyl diethanolamine, MDEA C5H13NO2 1,038 1571 1,4685
Acetonyl acetone C6H10O2 0,737 1414 1,4232 Methyl iodide CH3J 2,279 837 1,5308
Acetophenone C6H5.CO.CH3 1,028 1492 1,5372 Methyl propionate C2H5COOCH3 0,915 1214 1,3775
Acetyl chloride C2H3OCl 1,105 1057 1,3886 Methylcyclohexane C7’H14 0,769 1243 1,4231
Acrolein C3H4O 0,84 1207 1,4017 Methylcyclohexanone (m) C7H12O 0,914 1350 1,4456
Allyl chloride CH2CH . CH2CCl 0,938 1090 1,4157 Methylcyclohexanone (o) C7H12O 0,925 1354 1,4483
Ammonium acetat 9% NH4CH3COO 1,016 1562 1,3462 Methylcyclohexanone (p) C7H12O 0,914 1346 1,4451
Amyl acetate CH3COOC5H11 0,876 1169 1,4023 Methylene bromide CH2Br 2 2,497 971 1,542
Amyl alcohol (n) C5H11OH 0,814 1296 1,4101 Methylene chloride CH2Cl2’ 1,327 1091 1,4242
Aniline C6H5NH2 1,022 1653 1,5863 Methylethyl ketone C4H8O 0,805 1209 1,3788
B Benzaldehyde C7H6O 1,04 1482 1,5463 Methylhexyl ketone CH3COC6H13 0,82 1323 1,4151
Benzene C6H6 0,877 1329 1,5011 Methylisobutyl ketone, MIBK C6H12O 0,796 1222 1,3957
Benzyl alcohol C7H7OH 1,042 1538 1,5396 Methylisopropyl benzene (p) C6H4CH3CH(CH3)2 0,859 (28°C) 1307 (28°C)
Bitumen hydrocarbonmixture 0,919 (200°C) 1150 (200°C) Monochloronaphtalene C10H7Cl 1,188 (25°C) 1463 (25°C) 1,6326
Butane (10bar) C4H10 0,580 936 Monomethylamine, MMA 40% CH5N 0,903 1765
Butene (10bar) C4H8 0,596 915 Morpholine C4H9NO 1,001 1443 1,4548
Butyl acetate (n) CH3COOC4H9 0,874 (26°C) 1267 (26°C) 1,3942 Naphta hydrocarbonmixture 0,76 1225 1,4 N
Butyl alcohol (n) C4H9OH 0,811 1265 1,3993 Nicotine C10H14N2 1,01 1488 1,5282
Butyl alcohol (tert) C4H10O 0,787 1156 1,3959 Nitrobenzene C6H5NO2 1,204 1469 1,5562
Butyl chloride (n) C4H9Cl 0,885 1135 1,4021 Nitromethane CH3NO2 1,137 1345 1,3817
C Caprolactam C6H11NO 1,014 (80°C) 1420 (80°C) 1,4728 (95%) Nitrotoluene (m) CH3C6H4NO2 1,158 1485 1,5466
Caprylic acid C7H15COOH 0,91 1330 1,4285 Nitrotoluene (o) CH3C6H4NO2 1,611 1433 1,545
Carbon disulphide CS 2 1,265 1156 1,62774 N-methylaniline C7H9N 0,989 1584 1,5684
Chlorobenzene C6H5Cl 1,104 1293 1,5284 Nonane C9H20 0,719 1248 1,4058
Chloroform CHCl3 1,492 1006 1,4458 Octane (i) C8H18 0,688 (25°C) 1166 (25°C) 1,3884 O
Chlorotoluene (m) C7H7Cl 1,075 1322 1,5214 (19°C) Octane (n) C8H18 0,699 (25°C) 1196 (25°C) 1,3944
Chlorotoluene (o) C7H7Cl 1,083 1344 1,5268 Octyl alcohol (n) C8H17OH 0,826 1360 1,4225
Chlorotoluene (p) C7H7Cl 1,07 1317 1,515 Octyl bromide (n) C8H17Br 1,107 (25°C) 1183 (25°C) 1,4503 (25°C)
Citric acid 60% C6H8O7 1,299 (25°C) 1697 (25°C) 1,4231 Octyl chloride (n) C8H17Cl 0,873 1278 1,4309
Cresol (o) C7H8O 1,042 (25°C) 1509 (25°C) 1,5386 (35°C) Oleic acid (cis) C18H34O2 0,894 1330 1,4582
Crotonaldehyde C4H6O 0,852 1345 1,4366 Olive oil (refined) 0,918 1381 1,4705
Crude Oil High API hydrocarbonmixture 0,813 1163 Paraffin oil 0,824 (34°C) 1291 (34°C) 1,46821 P
Crude Oil Low API hydrocarbonmixture 0,922 1370 Pentachlororethane C2HCl5 1,68 1115 1,5025
Cyclohexane C6H12 0,78 1287 1,4262 Pentane C5H12 0,626 1010 1,3575
Cyclohexanol C6H12O 0,962 1490 1,4641 Perchloroethylene C2Cl4 1,623 1062 1,5059
Cyclohexanone C6H10O 0,946 1445 1,4507 Phenol C6H5OH 1,055 (40°C) 1522 (40°C) 1,5408 (41°C)
Cyclohexene C6H10 0,812 1306 1,4465 Phenylethyl ether (phenetole) C6H5OC2H5 0,965 (26°C) 1155 (26°C) 1,5076
Cyclohexylamine C6H13N 0,819 1434 1,4625 Phenylmethyl ether (anisole) C6H5OCH3 0,994 1355 1,5174
Cyclopentadiene C5H6 0,802 1424 1,444 Phosphoric acid 50% H3PO4 1,329 (25°C) 1612 (25°C) 1,3735 (40%)
D Decyl alcohol (n) C10H21OH 0,83 1403 1,4372 Picoline (a ) C5H4NCH3 0,944 1451 1,4957
Diacetyl C4H6O2 0,987 (25°C) 1238 (25°C ) 1,3951 Picoline (b ) CH3C5H4N 0,957 1419 1,504
Dichlorobenzene (m) C6H4Cl2 1,282 (28°C) 1232 (28°C) 1,5459 Pinene C10H16 0,854 (25°C) 1250 (25°C) 1,4632
Dichlorobenzene (o) C6H4Cl2 1,305 1296 1,5515 Piperidine C5H11N 0,861 1400 1,453
Dichloroethane, 1.2. C2H4Cl2 1,25 1036 1,4422 Propane (10bar) C3H8 0,501 756
Dichloroethylene (cis) CHCl=CHCl 1,284 1091 1,449 Propionic acid CH3CH2COOH 0,994 1178 1,3809
Dichloroethylene (trans) CHCl=CHCl 1,257 1028 1,4454 Propyl acetate CH3COOC3H7 0,888 (26°C) 1183 (26°C) 1,3842
Diethylene glycol C4H10O3 1,114 (25°C) 1585 (25°C) 1,4472 Propyl alcohol (i) C3H7OH 0,782 1168 1,3776
Dimethylamine, DMA 60% (CH3)2NH 0,827 1433 1,35 (17 °C 100%) Propyl alcohol (n) C3H7OH 0,803 1219 1,3852
Dioxane, 1.4. C4H8O2 1,034 1392 1,4224 Propylene glycol C3H8O2 1,054 1531 1,3424
Dipentene C10H16 0,84 (21°C) 1329 (21°C) 1,4727 Pyridine C6H5N 0,978 1444 1,5102
Diphenyl ether C6H5OC6H5 1,066 (30°C) 1470 (30°C) 1,5787 (25°C) Sodium hydroxide NaOH 1,429 2441 1,4215 (40%) S
Diphenyl methan C6H5 - CH2 - C6H5 1,001 (26°C) 1504 (26°C) 1,5753 Sulphur S8 1,819 (115°C) 1320 (140°C)
E Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H5 0,9 1178 1,3724 Sulphuric acid 90% H2SO4 1,817 1454 1,4336
Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH 0,786 1182 1,3614 Tetrabromoethane C2H2Br 4 2,966 1038 1,6353 T
Ethyl bromide C2H5Br 1,46 889 1,4239 Tetrachloroethane C2H4Cl 1,595 1167 1,494
Ethyl cabonate CO(OC2H5)2 0,969 (25°C) 1169 (25°C) 1,3845 Tetrachloroethylene C2Cl4 1,623 1026 1,5059
Ethyl ether C4H10O 0,71 1010 1,3524 Tetrachloromethane CCl4 1,594 936 1,4601
Ethyl formate H . COOC2H5 0,921 1720 1,3609 Tetraethylene glycol C8H18O5 1,129 1582 1,4577
Ethyl iodide C2H5J 1,936 865 1,5133 Tetrahydrofuran, THF C4H8O 0,886 1303 1,4072
Ethylbenzene C6H5. C2H5 0,864 1335 1,4959 Tetraline C10H12 0,97 1492 1,541
Ethylene dichloride CH2Cl . CH2Cl 1,245 (25°C) 1239 (25°C) 1,4422 (25°C) Thiophene C4H4S 1,067 1296 1,5289
Ethylene glycol C2H6O2 1,114 1615 1,4318 Toluene C7H8 0,864 1330 1,4969
Ethylene oxide C2H4O 0,882 (10°C) 1577 (10°C) 1,3597 (7°C) Transformer oil 0,897 (32°C) 1423 (32°C)
F Formaldehyde 60% CH2O 1,106 (85°C) 1513 (85°C) Trichloroethylene C2HCl3 1,464 1050 1,4773
Formamide CH3NO 1,133 1547 1,4472 Triethylene glycol C6H14O4 1,127 (25°C) 1607 (25°C) 1,4531
Formic acid HCOOH 1,22 1283 1,3714 Triolein C3H5(C18H33O2)3 0,918 1484 1,4676
Furfuryl alcohol C5H6O2 1,13 1447 1,4869 Vinyl acetate, VAc C4H6O2 0,926 (25°C) 896 (25°C) 1,3926 V
G Gasoline hydrocarbonmixture 0,803 1250 1,435 Water H2O 0,998 1482 1,3333 W
Glycerol C3H8O3 1,261 1926 1,4746 Xylene (m) C8H10 0,866 1339 1,4972 (10°C) X
H Heptane (n) C7H16 0,68 (25°C) 1158 (25°C) 1,3855 (25°C) Xylene (o) C8H10 0,874 1360 1,5054
Heptyl alcohol (n) C7H15OH 0,822 1344 1,4249 Xylene (p) C8H10 0,861 1327 1,4958
Hexane C6H14 0,652 1084 1,3749
Hexyl alcohol (n) C6H13OH 0,814 1320 1,4178
Hexyl chloride (n) C6H13Cl 0,878 1221 1,42
Hydrochloric acid 35% HCl 1,173 1511 1,4135
Although utmost care has been taken in collecting the information given in these tables, FLEXIM does not assume any responsibility as to their
Hydrofluoric acid HF 1,2 (0°C) 1360 (0°C) 1,1574 (25°C) correctness and completeness.

Properties of Gases
5 bar 10 bar 20 bar 50 bar
Sound velocity Density Compressibility Sound velocity Density Compressibility Sound velocity Density Compressibility Sound velocity Density Compressibility Molecular
Temperature: 20°C factor factor factor factor Weight
c ρ Z c ρ Z c ρ Z c ρ Z
[m/s] [kg/m3] dimensionless [m/s] [kg/m3] dimensionless [m/s] [kg/m3] dimensionless [m/s] [kg/m3] dimensionless g/mol
Air 344 6,0 0,998 344 11,9 0,997 346 23,9 0,994 351 60,1 0,988 28,96
Argon 319 8,2 0,997 320 16,5 0,993 321 33,2 0,987 324 84,5 0,970 39,95
Carbondioxide 263 9,3 0,973 259 19,1 0,945 250 40,8 0,886 213 140,6 0,642 44,01
Carbonmonoxide 350 5,8 0,998 350 11,5 0,996 352 23,1 0,993 358 58,2 0,988 28,01
Ethane 302 6,4 0,960 293 13,5 0,916 271 30,1 0,818 456 359,4 0,172 30,07
Ethylene 323 5,9 0,970 316 12,3 0,938 302 26,5 0,870 251 97,8 0,588 28,05
Helium 1010 0,8 1,002 1012 1,6 1,005 1016 3,3 1,009 1029 8,0 1,024 4,00
Hydrogen 1308 0,4 1,003 1312 0,8 1,006 1321 1,6 1,012 1347 4,0 1,030 2,02
Krypton 220 17,4 0,989 219 35,1 0,978 218 71,9 0,957 217 192,9 0,891 83,80
Laughing gas 261 9,3 0,971 257 19,2 0,941 246 41,2 0,876 200 154,0 0,586 44,01
Methane 444 3,3 0,991 442 6,7 0,982 439 13,7 0,964 433 36,1 0,912 16,04
Natural gas (GUS) 439 3,4 0,991 437 6,8 0,981 434 14,0 0,963 428 36,9 0,910 16,37
Neon 450 4,1 1,002 451 8,2 1,005 454 16,4 1,010 461 40,4 1,024 20,18
Nitrogen 350 5,8 0,999 350 11,5 0,998 352 23,1 0,996 359 57,8 0,994 28,01
Oxygen 326 6,6 0,997 326 13,2 0,993 326 26,6 0,987 328 67,8 0,969 32,00
Syngas 30:70(C:H) 706 1,4 1,003 708 2,8 1,005 713 5,6 1,010 728 13,8 1,026 6,90
Xenon 174 27,7 0,972 172 57,1 0,943 167 122,4 0,880 149 434,5 0,620 131,29

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