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    78 vues12 pages

    Newsletter Jan-Mar 00

    Transféré par

    HP

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Téléchargez comme PDF ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
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    5 ee S| AVVO Ba HYDROLOGY PROJECT Dear Colleagues, Here is the first HP Newdeter of che new millennium. A good start, we thought, would be to focus on the “othcr” half ofthe Hydrology Project - water quality. Often the emphasis is on ‘water quantity because it requires seting up such an enormous infrastructure. However, having only data on watet quantity isnot sufficient. A complexe picture of the water situation only emerges when knowledge ofthe quaicy of that water is added. Prove ofthis is, che terrible siruation in Banghdesh where millions of people have serious health problems chic to high levels of arsenic in drinking water. To stress the imporeance of water quality this HP Nowaletee specially focuses on water quay, [n March we have hus workshop on surfrce ‘water quality monitoring and interesting conclusions and recommendations wece made after ‘wo days braioscorming with senice government officers involved in this area (sce page Water quality as well as water quantity management programmes requirea certain minimum infasirucure and staff to identify and implement technical solutions. Today, one ofthe key challenges is vo ensure that infastructure built up and staff trained under current nd previous investments will not deteriorate when the Hydrology Project comes to an end. Thi aspect was also underlined during the just concluded World Bank/RNE supervision mission. The iision expeened apprehension abou the dow progress achieved in about 50% of che agencies (sce page below). Keeping in mind that there are only ewo yeas left to complete the ‘Hydrology Project I request everybody to get ine fifth gear and improve performances. One sate which seems to have already increased the pace is Andhra Pradesh. They informed us about new public relation activities which they are undertaking (ee page 10) If any other state is also implementing new activities, like For example devcloping web sites, please lerus know. ee Johan Grijen, “Team Leader The Supervision Mission of the World Bank/RNE rom February 14 until March 3, the joine supervision mission of the ‘World Bank/RINE reviewed the implementation status of che Hydeology Project. The mission met with repteseatatives of the participating central agencis of the Government of India, the Project Consultants and (representatives of) state governments ‘The mission indicated anxiety when they observed thae the Phase I target of having 80% of the sites operational by 2 testo the Supervision Mision ofthe Wold Bank/RNE December 1999 has not been achieved Present analysis indicates a 60% complesion only. The mission expects the 80% target to be reached by June 2000, Since the credit closing data is just two years away (March 31, 2002) itis not considered appropriate to wait indefinitely for completion of Phase { by all agencies. The mission recommends that the poorly performing agencies suitably revise and ceurtall the das collection necwork ro ensure thar they are also on board quick! respect of Phase Il activities, The mission was also unhappy abous the poor financial performance as USD 20 million remains undisbursed. The mission therefore recommends 2 cancllation of USD 20 million. During the next review in May/June revised figures may be available which may lead to firmer figure of cancelation There is large variation in the performance of the 21 implementing agencies, Both the surface water agencies and the ground water agencies of Tamil Nodu, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh are performing satisfactorily. The performance of the other implementing. agencies isbeeween marginally satisfactory and unsatisictory. The endemic problems in poorly or marginally pexforming agencies is telated to procedural dehys, manning of specialise posts (water quality staff and computer professionals), delays in procurement ofa large number of vehicles Eyeomerema ell sa and lack of pro-active government support. Expeditious and concerted actions need to be caen by all the agencies with asistance of the consulkants and suppor: of PCS, The challenge now is to move over to Phase If of the programme fairly quickly, In Phase IL of the projec che emphasis will be on the operationalisation of the Hydrologic Information System (HIS). The development of data processing software for service water and ground water data is being conducted ia parallel. The inuoduction of HYMOS sofware for surface waver hay already started. As for the ground water, the dedicated software now under procurement will fcileate the data The Wonderful HYMOS L der vie Hydrology Project HYMOS is being implemented in all agencies Free HYMOS js an information system for storage, processing and presentation of i i Iyiolgical and eavicoumenal daa. combines an effi daubase sucue PR ' presentation, HYMOS is the slimate tool for agencies which are responsible for i i eka ocisanaieenee | Available | i he Hydrology Project is | i | ‘Disadvantages of Conventional Dara ‘Advamages of HYMOS- i in the process of ' Processing Methods | developing ies own web. + Iristime consuming + Ieisless ume consuming gc Onin ae eee | references to all the agencies + eis difficult visualise + Ichasa geographical inteface { scograph | involved in che Hydrology eka isaeeniet = ibis lngelificretundland Sal [sete poe || wish to include their own + eis difficak to analyse + Itiscomprehensve, serfiiendly and sce or/and e-muil deals on the compatible with other syseemsfor easy 1) HP web-site are requested to send Z eee. |) their details cous. + ‘The ecquence of dara processing sleet [eaclies procesing of awide range | Furchermore, agencies wishing ro ore, || highlight new developments and/ | ee eel eae | orpogenunkrictpiilgy | Leer naatial entry and data provesing cross ae I eek ase need Caan ar ‘devscsed quickly | to us which we can publish in this | | newsletter 5 HYMOS is used world-wide in over 30 countries by water authorities, consultants, research | insinutes and universicis ios aie ee Sis The World Water Forum ea he ieee Nh Mee tee prepa me Ceedag hie Rew a WATER CRISIS IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM “As we enter iva she new millennium, sen orimated 2 coenics witha ‘popelasion of mare shan 300 milion people aady sf from water ward Projections tothe yar 2050 show ther 66 countries, comprising about t-thinds of the wold population, will face mederte sever waver sariey The consequences of thee water sorcages on economic and social derelopmens, pola ability and preerouin of fe ae immeasurable.” (Dr AbZeid) The main objectives of the Forum ate to: ‘+ Raise awareness among the decision: makers, the media and che pul large of world water isaues of cxtical ‘WATER CONFLICTS The sesion om Water & Confit concladed thet dept the warning from uvions side his conury may te ware ver water “Warsare never about one tse’ aid Peter Gleick, They are abeut politics, economics and social sme” There isa need for ineesied co-peraton in ‘haped siver basins, however, and more _atesion for regional and local confi. Those can be resolved though 2 basin wide framework ofco-operstion that would include te folloing cloments resting ‘he gptem a a wsit:ineolvement of both state and non-state actors, recogtion of ‘he cial and cultural contest cler appropriation ale; eration ofan information sharing nepoork, + Provide «platform to exchange views, information and knowledge on curt issues and information related to global + Extend the opportunity co the Council to promote its policies, findings and 10 share with other organisations common vision and interest in world water ffir. + Present the sac ofthe art knovledge on alobal water assessment, challenges and potential solutions The crown prince of the Netherlands, HRH the Prince William Alexander of ‘Orange, Chairman ofthe 2nd World Water Forum, said in the inauguration season thac “The numbers ofthe people parcicipating and ehe interest of the mesia 4 fortis event must help increase che woskd wide awareness of the water ess, Tha already means that one of eur cbjccives chat as been satin” Dr. Abw-Zeid chain of The World Water Council called fr asstance,co- operation and collaboration ofall organisations institutions and ordinary sivizens, He applauded the initiative wake by che Ducch government ro tun a ministerial conference parallel to the Forum. The ministerial conference, atucnded by world, sins to mobilise poli isters from all over the supp obal water with an eye vo coum predicamencs with concrete action Dr. Abu-Zeid alo announced the initiatives of the World Wacer Council: sablishing Moni the World Water Visi “Through effective monitoring at both ng Systems for in Action; the world and repional levels the ‘Council can beter evaluate the impact and effectiveness of the World Water WORLD WATER FAIR During he conference the World Weer Far was held The fir offered epporturitis to exhibit to the world hows ome ca contribute to averé water eis 1h was a facinating exibition that ne ‘profesional in the fil could afd mis. About 50.000 visitor sisted the fair Tosce the various inventions on diplay vist te vireualy iterative webrite snap tare ware firarg HYDROLOGY PROJECT ‘SHARING RESOURCES “Those who we the lon share ofthe world waier mus sare with hose whe snare les ther renee, expertise andthe sundersanding that the challenges faced in ther pare ofthe world mast be eangaited as their aun challenger as swell Keeping conser alive should be a guiding principle A vision for water and ace isnot rade book ura recipe for ‘aang mcant to inspire, nor procribe. Actions heve tobe adapted 10 local neds tiles and opportunities” (Queen Noor “af orden) Vision, building om its suceess and ‘minimising any shortcomings. 2, Stimulating Policies forthe Financing of Water Development and Protect The World Water Council proposes 1 unleash the power ofthe private sector focusing on an “enabling environment” wih a repulstry, legal and institution! famework that wil promote and protect investments. The Council wil ‘ake the lea in researching and Idenifbing the appropriate policy framework at plbal and local level thar will ensure the proper Row of fanding, and proper provision of water services 9 all segments of society: The Council will work to ensure adequate policie ate in place to replace fear and suspicion with mutual erst, celiability and equity for all The poor and disadvantaged should be asured adequate service a affordable 3. Creation of World Commission Water, Peace and Security Conflict resolution and prevention begins by fostering a hercer environment of awareness, co-operation and mmunication, The creation of the World Commaission on Water, Peace and Security will provide an opportunity for third parry mediation of shared wacer Aispates, The role of the Commission will be to assist nations in current and. potential trans-boundary water issues \with an indepenclent opinion to help bridge the yap berween conceaned parties co ensure “win-win” solutions The Commission will abo work toward tlobal improvement in socio-cconomics KERALA INTHE INTERNATIONAL LIME LIGHT During the forum the Pachakullam Social Services Soiery of Kerala (PASSS) proented its waerrupply and sanitation reject, PASSS ai topper poor and afi Landes lca neghbourbood communtie of between 10 nd 50 Aowseelds lng tn the foc of Kea, card who depend on sexsonal open wells or dicate springy develop an tvigation sravity stem. PASSS only provides technical migpre and covers part of the inseromene or (pt 60°). Through social mailers PASSS provide abo sanitation improvement and Iygiene education. The PASSS per capita cos for water supply and sanitation improvements care only USS 5, which is lew even by Indias and Keralese seandards, PASS has «ange member of ver 60,000 {fermers anda board with stakeholders including farmer senior voluntary profional advisors and a group of dedicated young profesional. PASSS was ‘swarded the SIMAVI jubilee awed. AGRICULTURAL SOLUTIONS Diuring the Forum the Consubeative Group on Agricueunal Research (CGIAR) preenied anew global database called The World Water and Clima Ass for Agricultre. The Ades enables wer 9 200m inson any T-iquare mile (25 1. ilomeres) regen on the globe te obtain « clearly delineated picture ofthe climatic ‘conditions, This will help wers to deermine which crop are mes uitable sand wiht kind of water management they require. CGIAR presnsed ako ome newly daclope crops such a new bred of sropical corn, he Taspeno Sequis, shat co increase heres by 40% even in the tough environment of the developing sworld. The sient have aie been able v9 ody wheat ro make i praducive ven jn or climates. One ofthe main reasons for growing wheat is tha it require es sowser shan rice, For those who have 0 sre ree the CGIAR promotes beter sagronomit techniques which could ive up 125% of water now wed when cultivating rice. For further information isi the website bap dhownacgiarorg and environmental sustainability Ln _xddicion this Commission will promoce management practices that ensure ciency, equity and sustainability of the world’s water resources. For farther detailed information on the subjecte diccussed visit ips//wwweworldwaterforam.com ‘The next World Water Forum will beheld in Japan in 2003. For further information contact the office of the World Water Coun swwwo@worldwatercouncil org . Plereeaaatelcs Water Quality under the Hydrology Project he main objecives for water quality monitoring for surface warer and poandwater agencies unde the Hyebology Projet ae idenrifid as + ssoaitoring for exabishing baseline waer aval + observing ced in water quay changes + caleulaions of ux of water constivucns of + surveilanee for iigation use * con and management of water pollution foe groundwater oniy Under the Hydeology Project 275 water quality Laboratories are upgraded or newly butt and ‘monitoring sations are designed or upgraded with the abore ebjctves in itd. Samples af the monitoring stations at collected on a ‘regular bai for analysis t che watcr quality Laboratories, There ae thie types aberatories. 1 Level aborstocies are x where 6 srandae field parameters ca be laboratories messi ate Level I aberstores ate anger laboratories swhete mast ofthe physico-chemical and smirrs biological parameters can be smeseuted + Level Ie laboratories ae sila to level Ibu they have alo sore advanced in ‘equipment such aan atomic absorption ‘pectrpotomete: (AAS) wo analy henry rete and gas chromatograph (GO) rene organic. ‘The process of monitosng water quality should principally be seen a a saqunce of elated sctvines shat ars withthe definition of {information aed ad ends with the use information prodec. This eee of activist shown in Figue below, Weter management x bs ieee eds inten eet soe Heportng ‘Network design Date onalysis ‘Semple collection nea ge Lahortory anaes Soccenive activites inthis monitoring cle should be specified and designed based on the requited information product as well as de awing wp nes forthe menitecng and anciamene preceding pat ofthe chain Pree cof water bondi ll the stag of the monicoring proces should be considered An valacion f the caved data may tao PROGRESS IN WATER QUALITY LABORATORIES (ap wo 314¢ Dec. 1999) Participsting agency Level Taal Level Level IH& Mp Total Love tl Jaborawcien laboratories. laboratorca. _laboratatin, opera operational cumlatve ‘cumulative And Pradesh 1s B 8 Gujarat M » 7 3 Kamath to ° 8 2 Kerala 0 o 4 1 Maadhy Prades 5 “ ° 1 Maharashtra a a 0 1 Oris: u ° 6 3 Tiand Nadu 7 4 4 ewe 7 ° 2 . cows “ 7 Toul Project 1s 2 2 u FOCU WATER <¢ ew oF defined information ned, ths starting ew sequence af activites. le this way, the mentoring process will consanly he improved This enhances one of he mje abjectzes of most monitoring programmes. i.e the avurate emificaion of long-term ends . Progress in Water Quality ster qualey monitoring programme under the Hydrology Peoec,co- rdinaing and intercing about forty Cental and Stte agency and involving them in capacity building ins unified manner to getr up for development of «national dabate undes the Hydelogy| Spatem (HIS) ithe fist of ie Kind inthe counery and hence gigantic tsk. There are sever hiccups, like the conserction of bulding cover 280 lhoratoris and data cee overcoming procedural days, procarcment of feenuiion state-of-the-art insieanvents and equipement and ‘operationabation ofthe same, designing of monitoring nceworks snd collection af apes for avast county as Ini, binging wniforsey in anayicalprocedute to eroure comparability in dara, quality contl in data generation, dats validation and sorage, data analysis and ‘rnerpretation to generate information ee. Such varying aspects ofthe rot are not easy to fnwgyzate Prose in all dsparements even Within a single agency snot alway tpt for wich special interes is ing taken to speed up, Bone ching ti certain that ll the apencies ae energised 1 play ther role wo the best wo achieve A clos ish before the Hydrology Project nde ensuring sustainably 2 Water Quality Workshop lo cayphasse de importance of water quali, dhe Central Pollution Caner Bousd (CPCB) and the Cental Water ‘Commision (CWC) in asocaton with the Hydrology Project omganised the workshop SON RUALITY Sasface Watet Quilty Monitoring Under The Hydtology Project during March ' Showing 4 high eel of interests the works war attended by abou: 70 people coming from the agencies involved in the Hydrology Project ind frm the C shop the iipation ed input the deegais les the programened speeches fon various technical specials there were imyprompeu Leading thee spontancous tlle was Me. arms Raj form Andi P ha already in mind to rake the stand a prepated with aset of slides. As Me... Da chuckled inthe valdicory Function “there was more work harp’ during dese cwo days The main focus of the workshop wat how to progres from the curent situation which led 0 of ecommendavons including the Meniierion of objectives. To decide on progresc ne cede o utes the presen ‘monizoring is conducted to acer The objectives elated to war quay monitoring by agencies under Hydiology ; ° the uly of the veer polltioa i) Preservation ofthe ambient water quality ccepable qualicy for dilferene idertfcd ) Training in water quality management The sate HP agencies nd all CWC tegonal offices identified (i), Gv) and (vi) above as the prime objectives, T brat eby simple, HP organations may tion Control Boss epacing ‘water quay probleins, vo caable shen wo ake a a Aerneces in dhs ight i was apres that there 3 rong need for review of water quay networks. CNC the pas several years. These data may be use 69 3 in their networks, keeping in ew the monitoring objective, Ths wil lead ta taconalstion ofthe exning nerworks val in moi in egod to locations agincer of each gio should mobilise working ani nig acc a Beg wend or Bi + eovordinating between seoid ovetlp and duplication of effort ising parameters and Fequencies In order wo asess. monitoring need and ‘optimistion of monitoring fot, a review of monitoring networks and data shouldbe ctred ‘ut perodialy. Ie was recommended tha reviw of water quality acrworks should he done a plat interala of thee yeas by a State Level Review Commitee + Tocation of ations. fequency of monitoring and choice of parameters, Ire and Foc specific parameters water quliy monitoring inthe state 10 26 of the comevicce cod ? . en quant! = omprivereprscvatves from various agencies nd sequent CPCB in formating the State Level Iewasagiced thar CWC network and its aceepranee by ters won dietly deprad wpon the quali of dn sme water body at diffrent le wat recommended thar data validation, and Analytical ograrames should i? laboratories on 2 continuing bass F laboratories were urge join inthe ongoing AQC exercises. Laboratory Recognition ot Accredi llega n should be the lkimate goal. (See on AQC cis desied co have a comenon methodology and sundardistion rn wat pe procedures in ding necwork d enple nation lasifcation, Fequency and oramenied tha oral for Water Qualiry Me HP a be adopted by Seas nici andthe CWC: PCS may is ¥ PROJEC Analytical Quali his year subseanial progress has been achieved with espec to the design (of the surfice and groundwater nerwotks for water quality monitoring. In all States, the wor is ongoing and in several s g completion. States have now started to collet and analyse water samples on a regular bass. ‘out how the new hhoratoties ate Functioning 4 firs round of Analytical Quality Control (QC) was conducted under the Quality stern (QA) and the resus ae now available Analytical Quality Contza is one of the main components of a Quality Assurance Sytem, wherein the quality of analytical data being isncrated in any laboratory is conuolled through minimising or controling errors in order to achieve a target accuracy. A puricalar water qualty study ot any organised water quality monitoring programme invalyes the collection, compatizon and interpretation of analytical data, which leads oa decision for the management and use of che water resource. The correctness of dcisio onder to find Assurance $ depends largely upon the accuracy ofthe analytical results. fhe errors ofthe analytical results wete high, the manpower, material anc money spent on any monitoring programme or study would be Furie and furthct lead co wroag decision and improper ations plans “There are wo diferent ess the within laboratory AQC and the int Qc. The within laboratory AQC excise ina comirol measure io text the sandard procedures within one laboratory. This tes hep sceuraey, Inter laboratory AQC Laboratory achieve consistency which improves complicated, [cis 4 comparison mong che Laboratories abour the performance ta analyse ‘various paramerers in terms of accuracy In March 1998, che Fit inter hborstory AQC covering 9 pavanmeters was started and che results were teported jst recendly. For this mand 33 laboratories were invited, to arcicipate in the exercise. Out of these 25 laboratories responded by sending the require fee tothe Central Pollution ‘Conte! Board, New Delhi which ity Control leading to Progress in Water Qualls ‘Labortory testing co-ordinated the exerci Tie objectives ofthe AQC programme wee: + tw ases the tami of analytical facilities and capabilities of purticipatin Laboratories to identify the serious constrains (andor and systemaric) inthe working ‘environment of laboratories; to provide necessary assistance tothe concerned laboraories 1 overcome the shore coming inthe analytical capabilities: 0 promote the ientific and analytical ccompetencsof the concemed laboratories to the level of excellence for beter output tw enhance the inernal an external quality control of the concerned laboratories, In this AQC csescise the bboratorien woxe asked to analyse the following 9 parameter: . Conductivity (COND) “Toral dinolved solids (TDS) ‘Total Hardness (TH) Fluoride (P) Sulphate ($04) Nitrate N. (NO3-N) Phosphate -P (PO4-P) Sodium (Na) 9. Boron (8) ‘The above parameters were selected forthe exercise because these are parameters which se tegulaly analyzed in water quality ‘monitoring and procedures for their Aetctmination involv vatous analytical techniques which should routinely be caried ‘our for the characterisation of sarfice and groundwater. Thus, the capability of Laboratory to perform thes rests satisfactorily would indicate is preparedness to carry out assigned HIS functions. Que of che 25 laboracries only 6 could conduct the analyses to provide cesuls forall parameters. laboratories were able conduct total hardness test, most laboratories could smeasite conductivity, fluoride, sulphate, TDS and nitrate. Abour halve ofthe 25 laboratories could mesure phosphate bu only one third ‘managed co analyse boron correctly About 503% ofthe laboratories could perform se condoctiviry total hardness, sulphate and sodium to produce results which were within acceptable limi Fluoride, critical parameter for drinking water supply, particulaly fram groundwater res, could be deternined by 3296 of the laboratories eisticroi ‘The Trichy laboratory in Tamil Nadu was the So pyres Parameters % of Laboratories within limits Boron 63% Condssrivicy 5486 Tout hardness 576 Sulphate 50% Sedium 50% Nieate-N 48% Toul disched solids 43% Phesphate-? 28% Fluoride | atm. Overall performance 47.2% only one that corrcetly analysed all 9 parameters, Congratulations 10 this laboratory. But, remember that AQC work is not a onetime activity AQC exercise need vo be conducted on 3 regular basis, The next interlaboratory AQC exercise wil be in Apeil 2000, CPCB will again prepare samples and send to participating laboratories on 21s. April Laboratories should analyse 2 weeks, and the results hack Weare happy to inform cha che laboratories inwolved ate very motivated so gee within improvements and some laboratories are already continuing the exercise al by themneves because they vale the benefits. We hope tha the other laboratories wil follow In onder to guarantee sustainabiliey of AQC in the future, the role of CPCB wil be taken over by one oF more af the HP laboratories. CPCB willbe eaining select sal for this. Protocol for Water Quality Monitoring ial and everybody within HP realises that. Like a should be dane in data from the various locations standardised manace become comparabh To help everybody involved in water quality onixoring, the HP consultant h prepared a guideline, called Protaco! for slicy M approach and delineates action used as a ready reference by anybody involve While this ste isnot the right place to pubslsht involved in watet quality monitoring network of monioring stations is designed Hydrology Project. All classified differently depending on the water Seerions where there is no influence of hurr activity on the water quality ae classified Ar hat line ampling frequen Those stations where the water quality is influenced by human acrviry may b asified ar trend stations Eflvents from Stations where these is evidence of human feultare can be very palluting ampling frequency so actviey and where itis necessary to measure the mass of any substance cari by the low are named flue stations. The frequency’ of abe high co be high because of flow and concentration variabiicy the year and, thereare varies frown 12 0 24 times per yar During che fist thre years of the water needs to be established. Therefore, sampling wall be every wo monthe a all ations during After che data ae collected for thre year, the ations may be reclassific zmpling. la the Prowocol for Water Quali Monitoring. a whole is: ofthe dois and don's i given and it appears that sampling can nor nake sure to know ct there and once there, che sample previous samples were taken, Another poi wich samaple wate before itis filled to ensure s10b 1 ccd ka ir space pe cin the bore to allow When collecting samples from a river or lect the sumple about 30cm below the water For collecting a dissolved oayges’semnple from a tive ial sampling device is ede, which i called 2 DO sampler. The HP consuksanes hhave demonstrated this ampve ro all sur water agencies and have ps sidelines For collecting groundwater surapes, tis submesible pump sy stagnant water from bore well Id be used t0 parge picrometers be i ce eampling 3 bactet . gical samples from x srhand pump are needed, he spout ofthe ump should be stesilised uader the fuans of imple. Th collected sample should be transported wahin 48 hours, but spirit lamp before collecting te erably within 24 hours. he need for accuracy and sandandistion ened once the samples are in the laborsories. Samples should be analyyed some simples ge spoil within 24 hours, The laboratories aced 10 beep precive record ofthe samples and they are received, Register ate kepe the time needed to perform the analyzes and tpeain the eel, Fi be validated to ensure correct ne the assigrment of wor ofall procedures, Asone can see there ae plenty of things Whils ich need co be aken into accou this makes the work of water qu monitoring very compler, it also takes it challenging and very interesting, Those working in this field are lucky a they wil b able to satisfy cis intellectual abilities and Training in Water Quality der the Hydrology Mroject about 275 laboratories ate being upgraded and new ones ate being Inuild, All laboratory staff and observers sho collece samples inthe field will be trained, The consultants have prepared. saining modales forall aspects of water quality analyses. These modules ae available inal the monitoring agencies inthe siates through the state raining « whom they have been dist ted. There are three types of training which all consnts ‘of a series of programmes ly, there is che esining of trainers, Seal? trained under these programms (30 so fit) will in the future give waining to their colleagues in the Laboratories and the fleld aff, The consultant has recently started at additional programme for training of trainers to teach about a numberof rextine pollution telaced parameters which have been introduced in the water qualicy eogramme under HP. Many of the participating laboratories have no prior experience in conducting these rests and nied ro be familiarsed withthe theoretical concepts and standard analytical procedures, Parvicipants will be the trainers Facbapane te tc located in the State, both from Stace and Central Agencies and chemists of host laboratories. The dusaion ofthe course is S days Another type of traning sco learn about haraling advanced inscrameats: UV.VIS, AAG and GC. These t Ihave been developed and prepared by the ing programmes consultants but are given by exter Last here are four couse planned in the area of management of water quality data: lata entry for water quality. data processing foe wacer quality nboratory management and water quality nerworks. Those courses willbe given in 2900 and 2001 ‘Anybealy interested in these exining programmes should make this known (© higher senior manager and local HP training eo-ordinator, Great inifiative coming from Andhra Pradesh (77% ca iniaiv is coming fromthe

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