DISTRICT COOLING BEST PRACTICE GUIDE FIRST EDITION Published to inform, connect and advance the global district cooling industry 2’ INTERNATIONAL Z; DISTRICT ENERGY / ASSOCIATION setts, USA Westborough, MiDedicated to the growth and utilization of district cooling as a means to enhance energy efficiency, provide more sustainable and reliable energy infrastructure, and contribute {0 improving the global environment. Proprietary Notice Copyright ©2008 international District Energy Association ALL RIGHTS. RESERVED. t of Inter & protected b trademark and other intelectual property rights publiction co Energy tional Distr proprietary cor iation (DEA) which No part of this pubication or any difined below) coniained herein may be reproduced (oy Photocopying or otherwise, transmitted, stored (in a database. retneval stom, or ctherwise), or othenwse Used through any meane wi tthe express prior wntten permission of IDEA. “information” mears any and all cfc products, services, process data, instructions, opinions or ary other toil tutes, designs, techniques, Content appearing or referenced in this publication No Professional Advice (DEA has prepared this publication for informatior purposes only. This publication is not intended to provide ary professional advice, instruc ion o opinions {egzrding any topic thet appears in this pubiation and should not be relied upon as such. The Information Contained in this pubic ture and may not apply to you ‘needs. Consult an appropriate professional for advice nis general i ni particular circumstances or tailored to your particular circumstances and needs Disclaimer of All Warranties reasonable care in producing the Information contained in ths publication. IDEA has not investigated, and IDEA expressly disclaims any duty to any specific product, service, Jesgn, technique or the lke that may be he 20 rived herein rance of any Information in ths publcaton doss not constitute endorsement, ‘warranty oF guaranty by IDEA of any prod dure, design or the ike. IDEA does process, make any representation ox warranties about the eblity or accuracy ofthe Information in this publica or that t On in this publication is error All information presented in this work is provided Is" without warranty of any kind. IDEA disclaim warranties and imple, incudi implied warrant cf merchantability, Fitness for 8 partcular purpose, ‘and non-infringement. The Information contained this publication may be superseded, may cont erro's, and/or may include inaccuracies Disclaimer of Liability IDEA shall not be lable for any special, in incidental, consequential or any dara resulting from inconvenience, or loss of use, resourc or profits, whether in an action of contract, negigenc oF other tortious action, arising out of erin connect: wrth the use or jormance of any ofthe Informatic availabe ir advised of the possibilty of such damages or losse IDEA invites. comments, criti 0 regarding the subject matter incising notice INTERNATIONAL DISTRICT ENERGY ASSOCIATION 5 publication even if IDEA has be isms and suaak in this publicatior 24 Lyman Street, Suite 2: jerough, MA’ O15SB1 USA 66-9339 phone 366-0019 ISBN 978-0-615-25071-7 ibrary of Congress Control Number: 2008937624 150M 978-0-435-26071-7 | | 2507 17 olre0e 900 RR eemeeeeenermmmnmennsemmnen mmPreface When the Nationa District Heating Association (NDHA) was founded in the United States in 1909, its mission wos to be a colegial nd vibrant resource of practical engineering and operational information, to connect people with technical resources and real-world solutions, and to advance the district energy industry ion and edvoca od 1on the econ. of dsvictheaung systems. The cornerstone of the association w he open exchange of information on design, construction and safe operation of district heating systems NOHA published the first edition Handbook of the with National District Heating Asseciation in 1921 subsequent revisions of the district heating handbook in 1932, 1951 and 1983. Over tin would evolve to encompass district cooling, combined fr and the world beyond Nert at and pe America the National District resulting in 8 name char (DHA) to District Heating Association (DHA) in Interrational Distiet Heating and Cooling Association DHEA in Heating Association International 168 to the ‘984 to the current International District Energy Association IDEA) in 1934, Throughout te fist mained true to ts original mission 2 coll 10Oyears, DEA nas| by drawing from ce of all membership segments engineering and dastibution arenas as and manufacturers. from the operations, 2 12004, Dany Safi, founder and chief executve officer .ggested IDEA develop an industry guide. ‘book to help transfer the deep technical and engineering fent within IDEA to support th East. Now of Tabe experience re nascent district cooling industry across the Mid y in 2009, there i as IDEA begins its second centu rrassive investment in new district cooling systems in the Middle East, where the harsh climate end pace of real estate development demar technical resources. tis th s unique that s the principal focus of this first edition of the District Cooling Bes tice Guide. ned by industn mpendium of documents and design drawings practitione’s. It is no a dards, reference is not intended ded to to disp! ce long-standing reference sources Best Practice Guide i in suppor engineers, business deve 1, Managers and service providers inthe business of cistict cooling. This y detail of the first edition may not incorporate ev y, but any omissions or oversights are uninte onal IDEA welcomes suggestions and comments to Support enprovernents in future ecitons wif of the many contributor to ths and the DE thank you f your interest in district cooling and far selecting the Guid Board of Dir IDEA as your industry resource.Acknowledgements It may net be possible to properly acknowledge al of the contributors to IDEAS District Cooling Best Pract Guide. 8y its very nature, 2 best pracice guide reflects the collectne experience of industry partiapants, openly sharing to the complex busine ‘operating and optimizing dstrict cooling systems. Since IDEASinception in 1903, generations of IDEA members have made successive contibutions to future celleagues. It solutions 2 studies, experiences and pra of designing, constructing ‘scursincere hope that publthing ths strc Cocling Best Pra ton of providing guidance to future industy participants in developing reliable, effcient and environmentally ¢ Guide will continue ard extend the IDEA tredi- ical distrct energy systems. The world deman ‘our best efforts inthis arena ‘The principal vision for IDEAS District Cooling Best Practice Guide began with Dany Safi, CEO of Tabreed In 2004, et the start of his frst term on the IDEA Board of Directors, Safi proposed that IDEA assemble @ guide book to help transfer the collective technical and business experience on dietrict cooling that he had encountered over many years of attending IDEA conferences. The principal founder of the burgeoning istrict cooling industry in the Middle East. Safi foresaw the value and importance of technical guid ‘ance and experience exchange to ensure that newly developed systems are properly designed, constructed and operated for highest efficency and reality to pre- serve the positive reputation ofthe industy. Safi con- tributed personally, professionally and financially to this guide for his singular and sustaining commitment to a robust and e and deserves. special recognition vzonmentally progressive h | district energy industry. The principal authors ofthis guide ere Mark Spurr and colleagues Bryan Kleist, Robert Miller and Enc Moe of FVB Eneray Inc, with Mark Fisher of Thermo Systems LLC authoring the chapter on Controls, Instruments nen have dedicated n and Metering. These 9} dS of hours in organizing, wring, researching and editing this Best Practice Guide. drawing from une decades of personal, professional experience in the design and engineering of numerous district systems around the globe. Important contribu’ were also made by Bjoin Andersson, Peter Bec John Chin, Ehsan Dehbashi, Lei Enksson, Leif sre! Ryan Johnson, Todd Sivertson, Sleiman SI Bard Skagestad of FVB Hiton and Sai Lo of Thermo Systems LLC; and Pt Tracey of Coo'Tech Gulf. Completing demanded the focused personal commitrre fine industry peo substantial p entite gobal industry community y, Trevor Blank, Stans sionals who have made a lasting 2 sional contribution to IDEA end From the outset nd over the extended develope process, the IDEA Board of Directors remained cornmitte {othepojec wah continuous suppor and leadership for Robert Smith, Juan Ontivera, Tom Guglelny and D> Fotinos. In addition, 2 core support team of end vcluntcers chaired by Laxmi Reo and comprised of Cif Braddock, Kevin TTedinnick contributed substantially by proveing regular technical input and insight and participating in project Lpdetesand review meetings Kuretch, Jamie Dilard and Steve Hundreds of pages of technical content were reviewed chapter by chapter by industry peers. These indivi jppert IDEA’ Best Practice Guide“ reading, verifying and editing chapters in their areas specalty to ensure ecitorial balance and the technical integrity ofthe final product IDEA is indebted to peer reviewers John Andrepont, George Berber Bhola, Joseph Brlhart, Cliff Braddock, Jamie Dillard Steve Harmon, ean Laganiere, Bod Matte, Gary Rusel, Craig Thomas, Tredinnick and Fouad Younan, We also appreciate Bharat Ghassan Sahli, Sam Stone, Stove assistance of the operation and maint Tabreed, led by James Kassim, who contributed insiohts fern their experience in operating a wide va district cooling systems Important financial support for the Best Practice Guide fed via an award under the Martet Develoomient Cooperator Grant Program from the United States