CHAPTER 5

INDICES
(Indeks)
 In this lesson you will learn
how to:

 Simplify the multiplication of;

(Mempermudahkan pendaraban bagi;)

numbers (nombor)
algebraic terms (sebutan algebra)
with the same base (asas sama)
dengan
different base (asas berbeza)
 3
?
Base 8 I?ndeks

Which one base and which one indeks

Simplify the multiplication with the same base

Example

1)4  4
3 4
 (4  4  4)  (4  4  4  4)
 4 4  44  4 4  4
Use repeated
7 factors
multiplication
4 7
Add the
Maintain
indices
the base
OR easiest ways, use ;
3 4
Law of indices 1: 4  4 4
3 4

m n
a  a a
m n
4 7
Simplify the multiplication with the same base

Add the indices

2)(6)  (6)  (6) 6 9

6 9
Maintain the base

 (6) 15

512
3)( m)  ( m)  ( m)
5 12

 ( m) 17
 Simplify the multiplication with the same base

Example;
1.Separate numbers

4)2r  r  3r
4 7 and algebraic terms

 2 r  r  3  r
4 7
rr 1

 2  3  r  r  r4 7

3.Multiply the
4 1 7
 6  r
2.Group numbers and
coefficients algebraic terms

 12 4.Add the indices

6r
 Simplify the multiplication with the same base

Example; 1.Separate
numbers and
5)  5 y  8 y  2 y  y
2 2 5 algebraic terms

 5  y  8  y  2 2 y 2  y 5
2 2 5

  5 8  2  y y  y  y
3.Multiply the 2.Group numbers
coefficients  - 80  y 1 2  2  5 and algebraic
terms


 10 4.Add the indices

- 80 y
Simplify the multiplication of numbers with the
difference base
Example
Group the numbers
1)3  5  5  3  5
3 4 2 2
with the same base

 (3  3)  (5  5  5 )
3 4 2 2

31
3 5 4 2 2 Sum up the indices of
same base

 3 5 4 8

Number with different

bases cannot be
simplified
Simplify the multiplication of algebraic terms with the
difference base

2) y  z  z  y
5 2 6 Group the numbers
with the same base

 ( y  y)  (z  z )
5 2 6

5 1
 y  z 2 6 Add the
indices of

 y z6 8 each base

y z
6 8

For algebraic terms,

multiplication symbol can be
omitted ( diabaikan)
Simplify the multiplication of algebraic terms with the
difference base
1.Separate numbers

3)2 v  5w  6 v
6 4 2 and algebraic terms

 2 v  5 w  6 v
6 4 2

 ( 2  5  6)  ( v 6 2
)  (w 4 2
)
 60  v  w 6
8 2.Group numbers
and algebraic
terms

 60v w 8 6

3.Sum up the indices of

same base