Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
I. INTRODUCTION
A. DEFINITION OF SALE (Art. 1458) - Polytechnic University of the Philippines v. CA, 368
S 691 (2001).
1. Elements of Contract of Sale - Sanchez v. Mapalad Realty Corp, 541 SCRA 397
2. Stages of Contract of Sale – Jovan Land v. CA, 268 S 160 (1997)
3. Obligations Created (Art. 1165) – 2 sets of real obligations
4. Characteristic of Sale – Lao v. CA, G.R. No. 115307, July 8, 1997; Balatbat v. CA,
G.R. No. 109410, August 28, 1996; Agasen v. CA, G.R. No. 115508, February 15,
2000; City of Cebu v. Heirs of Rubi, G.R. No. 128579, April 29, 1999; Londres v. CA,
394 S 133 (2002); Gaite v. Fonacier, 2 SCRA 830 (1961); Spouses Buenaventura v. Court
of Appeals, G.R. No. 126376, November 2003
1 Based on Dean Cesar Villanueva's topical index in his book entitled "Law on Sales "
1
A. MINORS, INSANE AND DEMENTED PERSONS, DEAF-MUTES (Arts. 1327,
1397, 1399)
1. Contracts with Third Parties (Arts. 73, 96, and 124, Family Code) – Sps. x
Domingo v. Reed, G.R. No. 157701, December 9, 2005; Ravina v. Villa Abrille, G.R. No.
160708, October 16, 2009
2. Between Spouses (Arts. 133, 1490, 1492) - Medina v. Collector, 1 SCRA 302
3. Applicability to Common-Law Spouses (Art. 133) - Calimlim Canullas v. Fortun,
129 SCRA 675 (1984); x Ching v. Goyanko, 506 SCRA 735
4. Is in Pari Delicto Doctrine Applicable to Prohibit Recovery?
2
149 (1997); x Arra Realty Corp. v. Guaranty Corp. and Insurance Agency, 438 S
441(2004); x Heirs of Jesus M. Marcuña v. CA, 461 S 186 (2005).
1. Generic things as objects of sale (Arts. 1246 and 1409[6]) - Yu Tek & co., v.
Gonzales, 29 Phil. 384 (1915)
2. Undivided Interest (1463, 1464)
3. Undivided Share in a mass of fungible goods may be object of sale. (Art. 1464)
3
IV. PRICE
A. Meaning of Price
1. The Price Must Be Real - 1471 - Mapalo v. Mapalo, 17 SCRA 114 (1966); Ong v.
Ong 19 SCRA 133 (1985); Bagnas v. CA, 176 SCRA 159 (1989); Mate v. CA, 290
SCRA 463 (1998); Alino v. Heirs of Lorenzo, 556 SCRA 139
2. The Price Must Be in Money or Its Equivalent - 1458, 1468 Republic v. Phil.
Resources Development, 102 Phil. 960 (1958).
C. Manner of Payment of Price must be Agreed Upon - Velasco v. CA, 51 SCRA 439
(1973); San Miguel Properties Philippines v. Huang, 336 SCRA 737 (2000); Co v. CA, 286
SCRA 76 (1998); x Edrada v. Ramos, 468 SCRA 597 (2005) Amado v. Salvador, 540 SCRA
161; Navarra v. Planters Development Bank, 527 SCRA 562.
E. Gross Inadequacy of Price -1355, 1386, 1470 and 1602. x Bravo-Guerrero v. Bravo, 465 S
244 (2005)
F. Judicial Sale
G. Rescissible Contracts of Sale
H. Sales With Right to Purchase
4
V. FORMATION OF CONTRACT SALE (Arts. 1475-1488)-
x Gabelo v. CA, 316 SCRA 386 (1999)
1. Policitation
2. Option Contract - Carcellar v. CA, 302 SCRA 718 (1999); Soriano v. Bautista, 6
SCRA 946 (1962); Limson v. CA, 357 SCRA 209 (2001); Sanchez v. Rigos, 45
SCRA 368 (1972) Vazquez v. CA, 199 SCRA 102; Yao Ka Sin Trading v. CA, 209
SCRA 323 (1991); Ang Yu Asuncion v. CA, 238 SCRA 602 (1994); Eulogio v. Sps.
Epeles, G.R. No. 167884, January 20, 2009; Villamor v. Court of Appeals, 202
SCRA 607 (1991); Nietes v. CA, 46 SCRA 654 (1972).
B. PERFECTION, Arts. 1325 & 1326 - Fule v. CA, 286 SCRA 685 (1998)
1. Really No Form- Dalion v. CA, 182 SCRA 872 (1990); Secuya v. Vda.
De Selma, 326 SCRA 244 (2000)
5
D. THE E-COMMERCE ACT ON THE FORMATION OF SALE CONTRACTS
A. OBLIGATIONS OF SELLER
B. COMPLETENESS OF DELIVERY
1. In Case of Immovables - (Arts. 1539 and 1540): Sta. Ana v. Hernandez, 18 SCRA
973 (1966);Roble v. Arbasa, 362 SCRA 69 (2001); Esguerra v. Trinidad, 518 SCRA
186; Cebu Winland Development Corp. v. Ong Siao Hua, G.R. No. 173215, May 21,
2009.
1. Main Rule: Prior Tempore, Prior Jure - Carbonell v. CA, 69 SCRA 99 (1976);
2. Requisites of Double Sale - Consolidated Rural Bank (Cagayan Valley), Inc. v.
Court of Appeals, 448 SCRA 347 [2005]; Cheng v. Genato, 300 SCRA 722
(1998); x Mendoza v. Kalaw, 42 Phil. 236 (1921); San Lorenzo Dev. Corp. v.
Court of Appeals, 449 SCRA 99 (2005); x Gabriel v. Mabanta, G.R. No. 142403,
March 26 2003; x Adalin v. CA, 280 SCRA 536 (1997).
6
3. Registration as First Priority – x Cruz v. Cabana, 129 SCRA 656 (1984);
Tañedo v. CA, 252 SCRA 80 (1996)
4. Who is Purchaser in Good Faith? - Agricultural and Home Extension Dev. V.
CA, 213 SCRA 563 (1992)
5. Possession in Double Sale refers to material and symbolic – Navera v. CA,
184 SCRA 584
6. When Unregistered Land ~ Naawan Community Rural Bank, Inc. v. CA, 395
SCRA 43 (2003); Dagupan Trading Co. v. Macam, 14 SCRA 179 (1965);
Carumba v. CA, 31 SCRA 558 (1970); Radiowealth Finance Co. v. PaWeo, 197
SCRA 245 (1991).
1. Estoppel on True Owner - (Art. 1434: Bucton v. Gabar, 55 SCRA 499 (1974)
2. Recording Laws: Torrens System (Pres. Decree 1529)
3. Sale in Merchants Stores, Fairs or Markets (Arts. 85 and 86, Code of
Commerce: City of Manila v. Bugsuk, 101 Phil. 859(1957)
C. SALE BY ONE HAVING VOIDABLE TITLE - compare with Arts. 559 and 1506 -
EDCA Publishing v. Santos, 184 SCRA 614 (1990); Aznar v. Yapdiangco, 13 SCRA 486
(1965); Tagatac v. Jimenez, 53 O.G. 3792 (1957)
7
IX. LOSS, DETERIORATION, FRUITS AND OTHER BENEFITS
1. Ordinary Remedies
8
B. BUYER’S REMEDIES IN SALE OF MOVABLES AND GOODS- (Arts. 1522,
1598-1599)
1. Contract of Sale versus Contract to Sell (Art. 1458 – Platinum Plans Phil., Inc.
v. Cucueco, 489 SCRA 156, Ver Reyes v. Salvador, 564 SCRA 456, Carrascoso v.
CA, G.R. No. 123672, December 14, 2005, Sacobia Hills Development Corp. v. Ty,
September 20, 2005, G.R. No. 165889,
2. Minimum Requirement of Rescission - University of the Philippines v. de los
Angeles, 35 SCRA 103 (1970); Cheng v. Genato, 300 SCRA 722 (1996) but see
Toralba v. de los Angeles, 96 SCRA 69 (1980)
A. CONDITIONS (Art. 1545) - Romero v. CA, 250 SCRA 223 (1995); Heirs of Pedro
Escanlar v. CA, 281 SCRA 176 (1997) Nutrimix Feeds Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 441 SCRA
357 (2004)
9
XIII. EXTINGUISHMENT OF SALE
A. CONVENTIONAL REDEMPTION
1. Definition (Art. 1601) - Villarica v. CA, 26 SCRA 189 (1968); Guerrero v. Ynigo, 96
Phil. 37 (1954)
2. Equitable Mortgage (Arts. 1602-1604) -Myrna Ramos v. Susana Sarao & jonas Ramos,
February 11, 2005, G.R. No. 149756; Ayson, Jr. v. Paragas, 557 SCRA 50
3. Situation Prior to Redemption - Reyes v. Hamada, 14 SCRA 215 (1965).
4. Who can redeem (Arts. 1611-1614)
5. How Redemption Effected (Art. 1616) - ; Vda de Zuleta v. Octaviano, 121 SCRA 3
14 (1983)
6. Fruits (Art. 1617) - Almeda v. Daluro, 79 SCRA 327 (1977)
B. LEGAL REDEMPTION
XIV. ASSIGNMENT
A. SCOPE - Chin v. Uy, 40 O.G. 4 Supp. 52 - People v. Wong, (CA) 50 O.G. 4867 (1954)
10
A. SCOPE AND DEFINITION OF RETAIL TRADE - King v. Hemaez, 4 SCRA 792
1. Elements
2. Meaning of Consumption (Op. secretary of Justice No. 325, series of 1945;
IRR of the Law)
3. Consumer Goods Coverage - Balmaceda v. Union Carbide Philippines, Inc. 124
SCRA 893 (1983); B.F. Goodrich Philippines,Inc. v. Reyes, Sr., 121 SCRA 363;
Goodyear Tire v. Reyes, Sr., 123 SCRA 273; Marsman & Co., Inc. v. First Coconut
Central Co., Inc., 162 SCRA 206 (1988).
4. Meaning of "general public" (Op. Secretary of Justice No. 253, series of
1954)
1. Pre-qualification requirements
2. Rules on Branches/Stores
3. Promotion of Locally-Manufactured Products
4. Prohibited Activities of Foreign Retailers
5. Binding Effect of License to Engage in Retail on Private Parties.
-End-
11