Assignment 5 Coordinate systems and surfaces

Due Friday june 4th at the beginning of class.

Coordinate systems.

1. In R2 we introduce the coordinates

x = X cosh Y
y = X sinh Y
for |y| < x.
(a) Invert the above relations, i.e. find X(x, y) and Y (x, y).
(b) Sketch the paths γX , and γY .
(c) Find ~eX and ~eY .
(d) Express ~ex and ~ey in terms of ~eX and ~eY .
These coordinates are useful in the description of a black hole. The points with |x| = |y| are
where the horizon of the black hole lies.

2. Spherical coordinates in R3 are given by

x = r sin θ cos φ
y = r sin θ sin φ
z = r cos θ
(a) Find the coordinate vectors ~er , ~eφ , and ~eθ .
(b) Express ~ex , ~ey , and ~ez in terms of ~er , ~eφ , and ~eθ .
(c) Let ~v = ~ex + ~ey + ~ez . What are the components of ~v in the (r, φ, θ) coordinates at the
points (1, 0, 0), (1, 1, 1), and (0, −1, 0)?

Surfaces

3. Let P be the plane that goes through the points (1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), and (0, 0, 1).
(a) Find an implicit description of P .
(b) Find a parametrization of P .

4. Sketch the helicoid S(s, t) = (s cos t, s sin t, t), (s, t) ∈ [0, 1] × [0, 2π]. Find its area.

Surface integrals

5. A temperature gradient is given by ~v = −∇T (x, y, z) = (−2x, −2y, −2z). Compute its flux
through the surface of the unit sphere.