‫‪٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺷﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻟﻴﺨـﺮﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﺑﺈﺫﻥ ﺭ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺜ ‪‬ﲑﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺋﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺯﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺜﻘﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﻠﻬﻢ ﺣﱴ ﺇ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳـﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﳍـﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﹰـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺗﺄﻣﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﻭﺟﺪﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻓـﻀﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺇﺣـﺴﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺭﲪﺘﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺠﺰ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﹸﻓﻮﺟﺊ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﰲ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻣﻐﺎﺭ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﲝﻔﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﻗﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺼﲑ‪‬ﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻋﺸﻰ ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺍﳊﻖ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ )ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻴﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺮﺽ ﺩﻳ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﺳـﻮﺍﻩ( ﺃﺑـﺼﺎﺭﻫﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺬﻫﺐ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﻮﺳﻮﻥ ﻳﻔﺮﻏﻮﻥ ﺣﻘـﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﺿـﻼﳍﻢ ﰲ‬
 ‫‪٦‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻡ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻟﻴﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻱ ﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻱ ﻓﺎﺟﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺃ ‪‬‬‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﺎﺟﻌﺔ ﻭﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺠ ‪‬ﺮﺃ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺹ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺃﺭﺳـﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺣﺒﻬﻢ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﺷﺪﺓ ﲤﺴﻜﻬﻢ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﲡﺪﻳـﺪ‬
‫ﻭﻻﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺰﺍﺯﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﱄ ﻭﺍﻟـﻨﻔﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔـﻴﺲ‬
‫ﻟﻠ ﱠﺬﻭﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﻬﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﺪﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺟﻬﻢ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻼﻻﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﺪﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﺮﺻﺔ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺗﻮ ‪‬ﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻣﻐﺎﺭ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺃﻭﻃﺎ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﺃﻟـﺴﻨﺘﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻟﻮﺍ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺔ ﺇﲨﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺪﺭ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻟﺔ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺒﻮﻥ ﻭﻣﺪﺡ ﺍﳌـﺎﺩﺣﻮﻥ ﻭﻧـﺎﻓﺢ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻓﺤﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﻓﻮﻩ ﺣﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﻼﺋـﻖ ﺑـﻪ ‪، ‬‬
 ‫‪٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻳﺴﻄﺮﻫﺎ ﻗﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﶈﺐ ﻟﺮﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪‬؛‬

‫ﻟﻴﻌﱪ ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺆﺩﻱ ﺟﺰ ًﺀﺍ ﳑﺎ ﳚﺐ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﳓﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻒ ﻻ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤـﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﻭﻫﺪﺍﻧﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻁ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﺎ ﳚﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻨﺘﻬﺰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﻟﻨﻌﺒ‪‬ـﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺎ ﳚﻴﺶ ﺑﺼﺪﻭﺭﻧﺎ ﲡﺎﻩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﱂ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻧﻈ ‪‬ﲑﺍ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺪﺍِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻨﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﻋﻈﻤﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺒﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗـﺪ ﲡـﺪ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺟﺎﻧﺒـﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻂ ﺇﱃ‬‫ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻚ ﲡﺪﻩ ﰲ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﻗﺪ ﺍﳓ ﱠ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻛﺎﺕ ﻳﺘﻌﺠﺐ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻓﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﱃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺗﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﳛـﺎﺭ ﺍﳌـﺮﺀ ﰲ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﳚﺪ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻪ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﻔﺴﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣـﻞ‬
 ‫‪٨‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﻧﻪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﳊﻘﺎﺋﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺒﻮﻥ ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺇﻻ ﻛﻤﺜـﻞ‬
‫ﺭﺟﻞ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﺎ‪‬ﻧﺎ ﻣﺜﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﲢﺒـﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﻭﺗﺸﺘﻬﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻧﻀﺠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺣﺴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﲨﺎﳍﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﺎﺳﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻭﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺪﻉ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻳﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺷﻴﹰﺌﺎ ﻳﺴ ‪‬ﲑﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺳﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺳـﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻔﻚ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻜﺘـﺐ ﰲ ﺳـﲑﺓ‬
‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﲟﻦ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻋﻈـﻢ ﺷﺨـﺼﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻭﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻘﺼﲑﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﲏ ﺟﻬﺪ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﲡﺎﺯﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﺳـﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﺍﳌﺒﻌﻮﺙ ﺭﲪﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ‪. ‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺒﻪ‬
‫ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺷﺎﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻣﺔ ﰲ ‪ ١٤٢٧/١/١٤‬ﻫـ‬
‫‪alsharif@albayan.co.uk‬‬
 ‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻗﺒﻞ ﳎﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﰲ ﻇﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻬﻞ ﻭﺍﻟـﻀﻼﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﻋﺪﺩﺍ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﺟﺪﺍ ﳑﻦ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺤ ‪‬ﺮﻓﻮﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻘﺒﻠﻮﺍ ﲢﺮﻳﻔﻪ ﳑﻦ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﺒﻴﺐ ‪":‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻘﺘـﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻋﺮ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻋﺠﻤﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﳕـﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺜﺘﻚ ﻷﺑﺘﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﺃﺑﺘﻠﻲ ﺑﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻐـﺴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺮﺅﻩ ﻧﺎﺋﻤﺎ ﻭﻳﻘﻈﺎﻥ‪ "..‬ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ)‪ ،(١‬ﻓﻬـﺬﺍ ﺍﳊـﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﻳﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻣﺒﻌﺚ ﺧـﲑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺟﺒﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﻐﻤﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻀﻼﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻮﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻨﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﺩ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﺻﻔﺔ ﻧﻌﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٥١٠٩‬ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺖ ﺃﺷـﺪ ﺍﻟـﺒﻐﺾ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺴﻚ ﺑﺪﻳﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
 ‫‪١١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﻘﺘﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻭﻳﺌﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﳛﺮﻣﻮﻥ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﳑﺎ ﺭﺯﻗﻬﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻐﲑ ﺣﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪":‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺮﻙ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺟﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﺎﻗﺮﺃ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﲔ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫‪5Οù=Ïæ ÎötóÎ/ $Jγxy™ öΝèδy‰≈s9÷ρr& (#þθè=tGs% t⎦⎪Ï%©!$# uÅ£yz ô‰s%":‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‬
‫‪(#θçΡ$Ÿ2 $tΒuρ (#θ=|Ê ô‰s% 4 «!$# ’n?tã ¹™!#uÏIøù$# ª!$# ÞΟßγs%y—u‘ $tΒ (#θãΒ§ymuρ‬‬

‫‪ ،(١)"[١٤٠:‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻴﺘﺔ‬ ‫]ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫∪⊃⊆⊇∩"‬ ‫‪š⎥⎪ωtGôγΒã‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺸﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﺣﺎﳍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺁﻣﺮﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬

‫‪5ΟÏã$sÛ 4’n?tã $·Β§ptèΧ ¥’n<Î) z©Çrρé& !$tΒ ’Îû ߉É`r& Hω ≅è%":‬‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﳍﻢ‬
‫‪zΝóss9 ÷ρr& %·nθàó¡¨Β $YΒyŠ ÷ρr& ºπtGøŠtΒ šχθä3tƒ βr& HωÎ) ÿ…çµßϑyèôÜtƒ‬‬

‫‪Ç⎯yϑsù 4 ⎯ϵÎ/ «!$# ÎötóÏ9 ¨≅Ïδé& $¸)ó¡Ïù ÷ρr& ê[ô_Í‘ …絯ΡÎ*sù 9ƒÍ”∴Åz‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٢٦٢‬‬

 ‫‪١٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫∪∈⊆⊇∩ "‬ ‫‪ÒΟ‹Ïm§‘ Ö‘θàxî š−/u‘ ¨βÎ*sù 7Š$tã Ÿωuρ 8ø$t/ uöxî §äÜôÊ$#‬‬

‫]ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ‪.[١٤٥:‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳛﺮﻣﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﳚﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻮﺍﻏﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﻌﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫‪7's#‹Ï¹uρ Ÿωuρ 7πt6Í←!$y™ Ÿωuρ ;οuÏtr2 .⎯ÏΒ ª!$# Ÿ≅yèy_ $tΒ":‬‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫‪( z>É‹s3ø9$# «!$# ’n?tã tβρçtIøtƒ (#ρãxx. t⎦⎪Ï%©!$# £⎯Å3≈s9uρ   5Θ%tn Ÿωuρ‬‬

‫‪] (١)" ∩⊇⊃⊂∪ tβθè=É)÷èƒt Ÿω öΝèδçsYø.r&uρ‬ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪ ،[١٠٣:‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳛﺮﻣـﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﺃﺣﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺮﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻮﻕ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻠﻪ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﲑﺓ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﱵ ﳝﻨﻊ ﺩﺭﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻮﺍﻏﻴﺖ ﻓﻼ ﳛﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﺒﺔ ‪:‬ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻳﺴﻴﺒﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﻵﳍﺘﻬﻢ ﻻ ﳛﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺷﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻴﻠﺔ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮ ﺗﺒﻜﺮ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻧﺘـﺎﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺑﻞ ﰒ ﺗﺜﲏ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺄﻧﺜﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺴﻴﺒﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﻄﻮﺍﻏﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺇﻥ ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﳘﺎ ﺑـﺎﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻡ ‪:‬ﻓﺤﻞ ﺍﻹﺑﻞ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺿـﺮﺍﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺩﻋﻮﻩ ﻟﻠﻄﻮﺍﻏﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﻔﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﻓﻠﻢ ﳛﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﲰﻮﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻣﻲ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪١٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﺸﺮﻛﲔ ﻳﻌﺒﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻨﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺛﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ‬

‫ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﺑﺄﺣﺴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻ ﻣﻨـﻬﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺣ ‪‬ﺮﻓﻮﺍ ﻛﺘﺎ‪‬ﻢ ﺍ ﹸﳌ ﱠﱰﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﳍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻓﺘـﺮﻭﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏ ﻭﺃﺷﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﱰﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻧﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﺩﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻟﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺃﻥ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻟﺪﺍ؛ ‪‬ﻳﻘﱢﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻘﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﺻﻨﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺛﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻮﺍ ﻛﺒﲑﺍ‬
‫‪ßxŠÅ¡yϑø9$# “t≈|Á¨Ψ9$# ÏMs9$s%uρ «!$# ß⎦ø⌠$# í÷ƒt“ãã ߊθßγu‹ø9$# ÏMs9$s%uρ":‬‬

‫‪tΑöθs% šχθä↔Îγ≈ŸÒム( óΟÎγÏδ≡uθøùr'Î/ Οßγä9öθs% šÏ9≡sŒ ( «!$# Ú∅ö/$#‬‬

‫‪šχθà6sù÷σム4’¯Τr& 4 ª!$# ÞΟßγn=tG≈s% 4 ã≅ö6s% ⎯ÏΒ (#ρãxŸ2 t⎦⎪Ï%©!$#‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﲣﺬﻭﺍ ﺃﺣﺒﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻭﺭﻫﺒﺎ‪‬ﻢ )ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀﻫﻢ‬ ‫∪⊃⊂∩"]ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ‪.[ ٣٠:‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺎﺩﻫﻢ( ﺃﺭﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﻭﺻﻒ‬

‫‪«!$# Âχρߊ ⎯ÏiΒ $\/$t/ö‘r& öΝßγuΖ≈t6÷δâ‘uρ öΝèδu‘$t6ômr& (#ÿρä‹sƒªB$#‬‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ‪":‬‬
 ‫‪١٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫‪Hω ( #Y‰Ïm≡uρ $Yγ≈s9Î) (#ÿρ߉ç6÷èu‹Ï9 ωÎ) (#ÿρãÏΒé& !$tΒuρ zΝtƒötΒ š∅ö/$# yx‹Å¡yϑø9$#uρ‬‬

‫]ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ‪[٣١:‬‬ ‫)‪" ∩⊂⊇∪ šχθà2Ìô±ç„ $£ϑtã …çµoΨ≈ysö7ß™ 4 uθèδ ωÎ) tµ≈s9Î‬‬
‫ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻫﻮﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺪﺙ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ‬
‫‪t⎦⎪Ï%©!$# š∅Ïèä9":‬‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬
‫‪Ç⎯ö/$# ©|¤ŠÏãuρ yŠ…ãρ#yŠ Èβ$|¡Ï9 4’n?tã Ÿ≅ƒÏ™ℜuó Î) û_Í_t/ .⎯ÏΒ (#ρãxŸ2‬‬

‫‪(#θçΡ$Ÿ2 ∩∠∇∪ šχρ߉tF÷ètƒ (#θçΡ%Ÿ2¨ρ (#θ|Átã $yϑÎ/ y7Ï9≡sŒ 4 zΟtƒötΒ‬‬

‫‪(#θçΡ$Ÿ2 $tΒ š[ø⁄Î6s9 4 çνθè=yèsù 9x6Ψ•Β ⎯tã šχθö yδ$uΖoKtƒ Ÿω‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍ‪‬ﻮﺱ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫]ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪.[٧٩-٧٨:‬‬ ‫∪®∠∩ "‬ ‫‪šχθè=yèøƒt‬‬

‫ﻳﻌﺒﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺤﻠﻮﻥ ﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﶈﺎﺭﻡ ﻓﻴﻨﻜﺢ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬

‫ﺃﺧﺘﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺑﻨﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﰲ ﻇﻼﻡ ﺩﺍﻣﺲ‬
‫ﻭﺷﺮﻙ ﻭﺿﻼﻝ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﺟﺎﺀﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﳍﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺻﺮﺍﻁ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺄﰊ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺃﻣﻲ ‪. ‬‬
 ‫‪١٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻷﺟﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺜﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﳎﺎﻧﺒـﺔ ﻃﺮﻳـﻖ ﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻼﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﺑﺈﺫﻥ ﺭ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻱ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ‪":‬ﺇﳕﺎ ﺑﻌﺜﺘﻚ ﻷﺑﺘﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﺃ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘﻠﻲ ﺑﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ‪:‬ﻷﻣﺘﺤﻨﻚ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻴﺎﻣﻚ ﲟﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﺗﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﰲ ﺍﷲ ﺣـﻖ ﺟﻬـﺎﺩﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﰲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺑﺘﻠﻲ ﺑﻚ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺭﺳـﻠﺘﻚ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺇﳝﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﳜﻠﺺ ﰲ ﻃﺎﻋﺎﺗـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻒ ﻭﻳﺘﺄﺑﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﺍﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﺎﻓﻖ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪-‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﱂ ﻳﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﳋﻠﹸﻘﻴﺔ‪-‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺜﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻼﻟﺔ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﴰﺎﺋﻠﻪ ﺍ ﹸ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻇﻠﺖ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋـﻬﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺇﻻ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ"‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺩﻳﻦ ﳛﺚ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺎﺝ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ‪١٩٨ / ١٧‬‬

 ١٦  ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ‬

‫ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺼﺎﻑ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﻏﻤﻂ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬

«!$# ÏM≈tƒ#u™ tβθè=÷Gtƒ ×πyϑÍ←!$s% ×π¨Βé& É=≈tGÅ3ø9$# È≅÷δr& ô⎯ÏiΒ 3 [™!#uθy™ (#θÝ¡øŠs9 ":

.[١١٣: ‫]ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬ ∩⊇⊇⊂∪ tβρ߉àfó¡o„ öΝèδuρ È≅ø‹©9$# u™!$tΡ#u™

«!$$Î/ ß⎯ÏΒ÷σム⎯yϑs9 É=≈tGÅ6ø9$# È≅÷δr& ô⎯ÏΒ ¨βÎ)uρ": ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‬

tβρçtIô±o„ Ÿω ¬! t⎦⎫Ïèϱ≈yz öΝÍκös9Î) tΑÌ“Ρé& !$tΒuρ öΝä3ö‹s9Î) tΑÌ“Ρé& !$tΒuρ

3 óΟÎγÎn/u‘ y‰ΨÏã öΝèδãô_r& öΝßγs9 šÍׯ≈s9'ρé& 3 ¸ξŠÎ=s% $YΨyϑrO «!$# ÏM≈tƒ$t↔Î/

.[١٩٩: ‫" ]ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬ ∩⊇®®∪ É>$|¡Åsø9$# ßìƒÎ|  ©!$# χÎ)

ÿ⎯ÍνÏjŠxσム9‘$sÜΖÉ)Î/ çµ÷ΖtΒù's? βÎ) ô⎯tΒ É=≈tGÅ3ø9$# È≅÷δr& ô⎯ÏΒuρ":‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‬

$tΒ ωÎ) y7ø‹s9Î) ÿ⎯ÍνÏjŠxσムω 9‘$oΨƒÏ‰Î/ çµ÷ΖtΒù's? βÎ) ô⎯¨Β Οßγ÷ΨÏΒuρ y7ø‹s9Î)

z⎯↵ÍhŠÏiΒW{$# ’Îû $uΖøŠn=tã }§øŠs9 (#θä9$s% óΟßγ¯Ρr'Î/ y7Ï9≡sŒ 3 $Vϑ←Í !$s% ϵø‹n=tã |MøΒߊ

" ∩∠∈∪ šχθßϑn=ôètƒ öΝèδuρ z>É‹s3ø9$# «!$# ’n?tã šχθä9θà)tƒuρ ×≅‹Î6y™

.‫ ﻭﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ‬،[ ٧٥: ‫]ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬

 ‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ؟‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺳﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻦ ﳜﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻈﻠـﻤﺎﺕ ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﳌﲔ ﺑﺒﻌﺜﺘﻪ ‪‬‬
‫‪z⎯ÏΒ }¨$¨Ζ9$# ylÌ÷‚çGÏ9 y7ø‹s9Î) çµ≈oΨø9t“Ρr& ë=≈tGÅ2 4 !9#":‬‬ ‫ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫‪ω‹Ïϑptø:$# Í“ƒÍ“yèø9$# ÅÞ≡uÅÀ 4’n<Î) óΟÎγÎn/u‘ ÈβøŒÎ*Î/ Í‘θ–Ψ9$# ’n<Î) ÏM≈yϑè=—à9$#‬‬

‫∪⊇∩"‪] ،‬ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ‪ ،[١:‬ﻓﻬﻮ ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﺳﻞ ﻟﻴﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ‪-‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ‬

‫ِﺟ‪‬ﻨﺴﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺟﻨﺲ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻗﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻨﺼﺮﻳﺔ‪-‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻇﻠﻤﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻇﻠﻤﺔ ﺇﺫ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ ﻋﺎﻣـﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫‪«!$# ãΑθß™u‘ ’ÎoΤÎ) ÚZ$¨Ζ9$# $y㕃r'¯≈tƒ‬‬ ‫‪ö≅è%":‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫)‪tµ≈s9Î) Iω ( ÇÚö‘F{$#uρ ÏN≡uθ≈yϑ¡¡9$# Ûù=ãΒ …çµs9 “Ï%©!$# $·èŠÏΗsd öΝà6ö‹s9Î‬‬

‫)‪Çc’ÍhΓW{$# Äc©É<¨Ψ9$# Ï&Î!θß™u‘uρ «!$$Î/ (#θãΨÏΒ$t↔sù ( àM‹Ïϑãƒuρ ⎯Ç‘ósムuθèδ ωÎ‬‬

‫‪öΝà6¯=yès9 çνθãèÎ7¨?$#uρ ⎯ϵÏG≈yϑÎ=Ÿ2uρ «!$$Î/ Ú∅ÏΒ÷σム”Ï%©!$#‬‬

 ١٨  ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ‬

4’n?tã ãΑÍi”t∴ム“Ï%©!$# uθèδ": ‫[ ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬١٥٨:‫ ∪∇∈⊇∩" ]ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‬šχρ߉tGôγs?

¨βÎ)uρ 4 Í‘θ–Ψ9$# ’n<Î) ÏM≈yϑè=—à9$# z⎯ÏiΒ /ä3y_Ì÷‚ã‹Ïj9 ;M≈uΖÉit/ ¤M≈tƒ#u™ ÿ⎯Íνωö7tã

‫ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ‬،[٩: ‫ ]ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ‬،" ∩®∪ ×Λ⎧Ïm§‘ Ô∃ρâ™ts9 ö/ä3Î/ ©!$#

ωÎ) š≈oΨù=y™ö‘r& !$tΒuρ": ‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬،‫ﺭﲪﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ‬

.[١٠٧: ‫ ∪∠⊃⊇∩ " ]ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‬š⎥⎫Ïϑn=≈yèù=Ïj9 ZπtΗôqy‘
‫ ﻻ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‬،‫ﻢ‬‫ﻓﺪﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺭ‬
،‫ﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ ﻭﲢ‬،‫ﺃﺟﺮﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﱴ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
(#θ=ÏtéB Ÿω (#θãΖtΒ#u™ t⎦⎪Ï%©!$# $pκš‰r'¯≈tƒ": ‫ ﻓﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻟﺘﻪ‬
t⎦⎫ÏiΒ!#u™ Iωuρ y‰Íׯ≈n=s)ø9$# Ÿωuρ y“ô‰oλù;$# Ÿωuρ tΠ#tptø:$# töꤶ9$# Ÿωuρ «!$# uÈ∝¯≈yèx©

÷Λä⎢ù=n=ym #sŒÎ)uρ 4 $ZΡ≡uθôÊÍ‘uρ öΝÍκÍh5§‘ ⎯ÏiΒ WξôÒsù tβθäótGö6tƒ tΠ#tptø:$# |MøŠt7ø9$#

Ç⎯tã öΝà2ρ‘‰|¹ βr& BΘöθs% ãβ$t↔oΨx© öΝä3¨ΖtΒÌøgs† Ÿωuρ 4 (#ρߊ$sÜô¹$$sù

( 3“uθø)−G9$#uρ ÎhÉ9ø9$# ’n?tã #( θçΡuρ$yès?uρ ¢ (#ρ߉tG÷ès? βr& ÏΘ#tptø:$# ωÉfó¡yϑø9$#

 ‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫‪߉ƒÏ‰x© ©!$# ¨βÎ) ( ©!$# (#θà)¨?$#uρ 4 Èβ≡uρô‰ãèø9$#uρ ÉΟøOM}$# ’n?tã (#θçΡuρ$yès? Ÿωuρ‬‬

‫‪] " ∩⊄∪ É>$s)Ïèø9$#‬ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪ [٢:‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻨﺂﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺾ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻘﺒﻠﻪ ﺣﱴ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺗﺒﺎﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺋﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﺣﱴ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺀ ﻓﺒﱠﻠﻎ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫‪ÅÝó¡É)ø9$$Î/ u™!#y‰pκà− ¬! š⎥⎫ÏΒ≡§θs% (#θçΡθä. (#θãΨtΒ#u™ š⎥⎪Ï%©!$# $pκš‰r'¯≈tƒ":‬‬

‫( ‪uθèδ (#θä9ωôã$# 4 (#θä9ω÷ès? ωr& #’n?tã BΘöθs% ãβ$t↔oΨx© öΝà6¨ΖtΒÌôftƒ Ÿωuρ‬‬

‫&‪šχθè=yϑ÷ès? $yϑÎ/ 7Î6yz ©!$# χÎ) 4 ©!$# (#θà)¨?$#uρ ( 3“uθø)−G=Ï9 Ü>tø%r‬‬

‫" ]ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪.[٨:‬‬ ‫∪∇∩‬

‫ﻭﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻬﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ ﺣﱴ ﻣﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ ﻳﺴﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺁﻣﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺗﺒﻌﻮﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﳌﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻔﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺩﻳﻨﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻳﺔ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻠﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻇﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﳜﺎﻟﻔﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻜﺬﺑﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻳﻨﺴﺒﻮﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
 ‫‪٢٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫‪(#þθãΨtΒ#u™ š⎥⎪Ï%©!$# $y㕃r'¯≈tƒ":‬‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ)‪ ،(١‬ﻓﺒﱠﻠﻎ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬

‫‪«!$# ωôγyèÎ/ (#θèù÷ρr&uρ":‬‬ ‫" ]ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪ ،[١:‬ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫&‪∩⊇∪ 4 ÏŠθà)ãèø9$$Î/ (#θèù÷ρr‬‬

‫)‪ô‰s%uρ $yδω‹Å2öθs? y‰÷èt/ z⎯≈yϑ÷ƒF{$# (#θàÒà)Ζs? Ÿωuρ óΟ›?‰yγ≈tã #sŒÎ‬‬

‫_‪∩®⊇∪ šχθè=yèøs? $tΒ ÞΟn=÷ètƒ ©!$# ¨βÎ) 4 ¸ξŠÏx. öΝà6ø‹n=tæ ©!$# ÞΟçFù=yèy‬‬

‫" ]ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ‪.[٩١:‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺟﺎﺀ ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ‪ ‬ﻭﺑﻠﻐﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺨﺸﻰ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺀ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺘﻬﻢ؛ ﻷﻥ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ ‪‬ﺧﹸﻠﻖ‬
‫‪ ∅sù$sƒrB $¨ΒÎ)uρ":‬‬ ‫ﺫﻣﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﳛﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﺋﻨﲔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫‪=Ïtä† Ÿω ©!$# ¨βÎ) 4 >™!#uθy™ 4’n?tã óΟÎγø‹s9Î) õ‹Î7/Ρ$$sù ZπtΡ$uŠÅz BΘöθs% ⎯ÏΒ‬‬

‫" ]ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ ‪ ،[٥٨:‬ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ﺧـﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺳـﻮﻝ ‪‬‬ ‫‪∩∈∇∪ t⎦⎫ÏΨÍ←!$sƒø:$#‬‬

‫ﲔ ‪‬ﺳﺒِﻴ ﹲﻞ‬
‫ﺲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻓِﻲ ﺍ ُﻷﻣ‪‬ﻴ‪ ‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪-‬ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ":-‬ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ"‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸﻮﻟﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ِﻪ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ ِﺬ ‪‬‬
 ‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺗﺒﺎ ‪‬ﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻋﺎﻫﺪﻭﻫﻢ ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺈﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﻠﻮﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺮﺷﺪ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﳛﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﳜﻮﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺇﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺒﲔ ﳍﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻟﻐﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ‪":‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﺑﺄﻧﻚ‬
‫ﻗﺪ ﻧﻘﻀﺖ ﻋﻬﺪﻫﻢ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﻋﻠﻤﻚ ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﺑﺄﻧﻚ ﺣﺮﺏ‬
‫ﳍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻢ ﺣﺮﺏ ﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺑﻴﻨﻚ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﻱ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻭﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ")‪ ،(١‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﳛﺐ ﺍﳋﺎﺋﻨﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﻬﺪ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﻟﻠﻤـﺸﺮﻛﲔ ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻐﺮﻱ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ‬
‫ﲟﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﰲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻣـﺎ ﻣﻌـﲎ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺑﺪﺭﺍ ﺇﻻ ﺃﱐ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺃﰊ ﺣﺴﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﺄﺧـﺬﻧﺎ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ‪٤٣٣/٢‬‬

 ‫‪٢٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻛﻔﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﺇﻧﻜﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﻧﺮﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﻴﺜﺎﻗﻪ ﻟﻨﻨـﺼﺮﻓﻦ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻧﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺗﻴﻨﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﺄﺧﱪﻧﺎﻩ ﺍﳋـﱪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺍﻧﺼﺮﻓﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻔﻲ ﺑﻌﻬﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻌﲔ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ")‪ ،(١‬ﻓﻔـﻲ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺘﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﻭﺃﺑﺎﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﻣﻌـﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻮﻓﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﻴﺜﺎﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺗﻪ ‪ ‬ﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﺻـﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺰﻣﻮﺍ ‪‬ﺎ ﺣﱴ ﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺃﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟـﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌـﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲪﲑ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﲔ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻭﺑـﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ﻋﻬﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﲑ ﳓﻮ ﺑﻼﺩﻫﻢ ﺣﱴ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻘﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻬـﺪ‬
‫ﻏﺰﺍﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎﺀ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺮﺫﻭﻥ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺃﻛﱪ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻛﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻏﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻈﺮﻭﺍ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒـﺴﺔ‪،‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٣٤٢‬‬

 ‫‪٢٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻓﺄﺭﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﲰﻌﺖ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‬

‫‪:‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺸﺪ ﻋﻘﺪﺓ ﻭﻻ ﳛﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﱴ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﻳﻨﻘﻀﻲ ﺃﻣﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻳﻨﺒﺬ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻳﺔ "‬
‫ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺃﻗـﺒﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﺻﺒﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﻋﺎﻧﺪﻭﺍ ﺩﻋﻮﺗـﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺁﺫﻭﻩ ﻫﻮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺗﺒﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺄﰊ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺃﻣﻲ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ‪:‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،١٠٥٦‬ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬـﺎﺩ ﺭﻗـﻢ‬
‫‪ ٣٣٧٨‬ﻭﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ١٦٤٠١‬ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ‪ ،٢١٥/١١‬ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ‬
 ‫‪٢٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﰲ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺴﻚ ﺑـﺎﳊﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﻌﻀﻊ ﺃﻣـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃـﻞ ﻭﺳـﻠﻄﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻄﻮﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻌﻒ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﻋﻘﻴﻞ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ‬
‫ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﺇﱃ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﻴﻚ ﻳﺆﺫﻳﻨﺎ ﰲ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﻨﺎ ﻭﰲ ﳎﻠﺴﻨﺎ ﻓﺎ‪‬ﻪ ﻋـﻦ‬
‫ﺖ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻘﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺃﺫﺍﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﱄ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﻋﻘﻴﻞ ﺍﺋ ِ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺮ ﻓﺠﻌﻞ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻲﺀ ﳝﺸﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺪﺓ ﺣﺮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﻣﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺗﻴﻨﺎﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ ﺑﲏ ﻋﻤﻚ‬
‫ﺯﻋﻤﻮﺍ ﺇﻧﻚ ﺗﺆﺫﻳﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﻬﻢ ﻭﰲ ﳎﻠﺴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺤﱠﻠﻖ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺑﺒﺼﺮﻩ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺃﺗﺮﻭﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﻧﻌﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺄﻗﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺩﻉ ﺫﻟـﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺸﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺷﻌﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺬﺑﻨﺎ‬
 ‫‪٢٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﻲ ﻗﻂ ﻓﺎﺭﺟﻌﻮﺍ")‪ ، (١‬ﻳﺒﲔ ﳍﻢ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺷـﺪﺓ‬

‫ﲤﺴﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﳊﻖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﺪﺍﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺗـﺮﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻤﺎ ﺃ‪‬ﻢ ﻋﺎﺟﺰﻭﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺷﻌﻠﺔ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻻ ﳝﻜﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺣﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺯﺍﺀ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﺑﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺩﺗﻪ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻭﺁﺫﻭﻩ ﻭﺻﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﺑﻠـﻎ‬
‫‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﻭﺍ ﻭﻳﺘﻌﺎﻫﺪﻭﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌـﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳـﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺮﺑﺎﺋﻪ ﺣﱴ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻨـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺎﻃﻌﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺟﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﻭﺟـﻮ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻜﻠﻤﻮ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﳚﺎﻟﺴﻮ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻃﻌﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﻳﺒﻴﻌﻮﻥ ﳍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺘﺒﻮﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﻋﱠﻠﻘﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺳـﻘﻒ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻇﻠﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻢ ﰲ ﻣﻜـﺔ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺭﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﲔ ‪ ،٦٦٨ / ٣‬ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻳﻌﻠﻰ ﰲ ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ ١٧٦/١٢‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺣﺴﲔ ﺃﺳﺪ‪:‬ﺇﺳﻨﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﻮﻱ‬
 ‫‪٢٦‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻭﻗﺎﺹ ﺭﺿـﻲ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪:‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﺭﺃﻳﺘﲏ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﲟﻜﺔ ﻓﺨﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺃﺑﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﲰﻊ ﻗﻌﻘﻌﺔ ﺷﻲﺀ ﲢﺖ ﺑﻮﱄ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻈﺮﺕ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺑﻌﲑ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺧﺬ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻐﺴﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﰒ ﺃﺣﺮﻗﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺿﻀﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﺣﺠﺮﻳﻦ ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻔﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺮﺑﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛﺎ")‪" ،(١‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﲑ ﻣﻜﺔ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ )ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ( ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﻟﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻌﻴﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻡ ﺃﺑﻮ‬
‫ﳍﺐ ﻋﺪﻭ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺠـﺎﺭ! ‪:‬ﻏـﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺣﱴ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺭﻛﻮﺍ ﻣﻌﻜﻢ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻢ ‪‬ﻣﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻭﻓﺎﺀ ﺫﻣﱵ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺎ ﺿﺎﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ‪‬ﺧﺴﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻌﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﺿﻌﺎﻓﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻳﺮﺟـﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻃﻔﺎﻟـﻪ ﻭﻫـﻢ‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻀﺎﻏﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻳﻄﻌﻤﻬﻢ ﺑـﻪ"‬
‫ﻓﻤﺎ ﺭ ‪‬ﺩﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺳﲑﺓ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﺳﺤﻖ ‪١٧٣/١‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬اﻟﺮﻭﺽ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ ‪١٧٩/١‬‬
 ‫‪٢٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﻹﻳﺬﺍﺀ ﺑﺄﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﻠﻐﻪ ﺣﱴ ﺍﺿﻄ ‪‬ﺮﻫﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ‬

‫ﺇﱃ ﻣﻐﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻃﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ ‪ ‬ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺻﺎﺑﺮ ﳏﺘﺴﺐ‬
‫ﺸﻢ ﻭﻫـﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻣﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﺦ ﻛﺎﻟﻄﻮﺩ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﲤﻴﺪ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺰﻋﺰﻉ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻔﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻟـﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻋﻮﺗـﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﲟﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻧﻪ‪-‬ﰲ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ‪ -‬ﺑﺎﳊﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻜﺘﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺰﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺃﻥ ﳝﺘﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺃﻭ ﳏﺎﺭﺑﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﲔ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻖ ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﻴﻨﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻔﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺭﻓﺾ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻇﻞ ﺻﺎﻣﺪﺍ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺴﻜﺎ‬
‫‪ü“Ï%©!$$Î/ ô7Å¡ôϑtGó™$$sù":‬‬ ‫ﲟﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﺣﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺭﺑﻪ‬
‫]ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻑ ‪[٤٣:‬‬ ‫&‪" ∩⊆⊂∪ 5ΟŠÉ)tGó¡•Β :Þ≡uÅÀ 4’n?tã y7¨ΡÎ) ( y7ø‹s9Î) z©Çrρé‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺳﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪∩®∪ šχθãΖÏδô‰ãŠsù ß⎯Ïδô‰è? öθs9 (#ρ–Šuρ":‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻒ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫"]ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‪ ،[٩:‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﳍﻢ ﰲ ﻗـﻮﺓ ﻭﺻﻼﺑـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳊـﻖ ﻛﻤـﺎ‬
 ‫‪٢٨‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫‪tβρ߉ç7÷ès? $tΒ ß‰ç6ôãr& Iω ∩⊇∪ šχρãÏ≈x6ø9$# $pκš‰r'¯≈tƒ ö≅è%":‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺭﺑﻪ‬

‫∪⊄∩ ‪÷Λ–n‰t6tã $¨Β Ó‰Î/%tæ O$tΡr& Iωuρ ∩⊂∪ ߉ç7ôãr& !$tΒ tβρ߉Î7≈tã óΟçFΡr& Iωuρ‬‬

‫‪È⎦⎪ÏŠ u’Í<uρ ö/ä3ãΨƒÏŠ ö/ä3s9‬‬ ‫‪∩∈∪ ߉ç6ôãr& !$Βt tβρ߉Î7≈tã óΟçFΡr& Iωuρ‬‬ ‫∪⊆∩‬

‫]ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻭﻥ ‪.[٦-١:‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫∪∉∩‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ‪-‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻹﻏﺮﺍﺀ‪-‬ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍ ﹸﳌﻠﻚ‪ ،‬ﰲ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﱢﻠﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴ‪‬ـ ﹾﺄ‪‬ﺑﻰ ﻛـﻞ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺴﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻟﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻟﻮ ﻭﺿﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﰲ ﳝـﲏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﰲ ﻳﺴﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺗﺮﻙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﺘﻪ ﺣـﱴ‬
‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻫﻠﻚ ﺩﻭﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﳌﺎ ﻣﻜﻨﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ ﱂ ﻳﻄ ﹶﻎ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻈﻠﻢ ﺃﺣـﺪﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﱂ ﻳﺒﻎ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﱡﻠﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﺟﺎﻫﺪ ﰲ ﺍﷲ ﺣﻖ ﺟﻬـﺎﺩﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﺬﻝ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳ ‪‬ﻦ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻨﻨﺎ ﻫﻲ ﰲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﻇﻠﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﻻ ﺇﻓﺴﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﱡﻠﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ‬
 ‫‪٢٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻫﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻻ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺇﱃ‬

‫ﻗﻮﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ ﰲ ﻛﻨﻔﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫ﰲ ﺧﻄﺒﺘﻪ ﰲ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻖ )ﰲ ﺍﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳊﺞ( ‪":‬ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ! ﺃﻻ ﺇﻥ ﺭﺑﻜـﻢ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺑﺎﻛﻢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻻ ﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﺠﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻟﻌﺠﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺮﰊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻷﲪﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺃﺳﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﲪـﺮ ﺇﻻ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﻠﻐﺖ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﺑﱠﻠﻎ ﺭﺳﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪"... ‬ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺑﻼﻝ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﻲ )ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺒـﺸﺔ( ﻣـﺆﺫﻥ ﻟـﺼﻼﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺻﻬﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﻲ )ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ( ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻙ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﻟﻘﺮﻳﺶ ﺣﱴ ﻻ ﳝﻨﻌﻮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﺘﻠﻘﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ ‪:‬ﺭﺑﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺃﺑﺎ‬
‫ﳛﻴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺳﻠﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺳﻲ )ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺱ( ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺃﺧـﺬ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻨﺒﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٢٢٣٩‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻷﺭﻧـﺆﻭﻁ ‪:‬ﺇﺳـﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
 ‫‪٣٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺣﻔﺮ ﺍﳋﻨﺪﻕ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﺍﻟـﺬﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻭﺍ ﻏﺰﻭ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﳊﻖ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ ﺗﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻨـﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻭﻃﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻻ ﲡﺪﻩ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳊﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪٣١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﻪ ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬

‫ﺣﻴﺜﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ‪ ‬ﻻ ﲡﺪ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘـﻮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﻕ ﻭﺍﻷﻣـﺎﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒﱡﻠﻎ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺣﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺨﻔﻲ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻟـﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﹸﺃﻣﺮ ﺑﺘﺒﻠﻴﻐﻪ ﻣـﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﺗﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣـﺪ‬
‫‪çνu™!%y` βr& ∩⊇∪ #’¯<uθs?uρ }§t6tã":‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻓﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﱠﻠﻎ ﻗـﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ‬
‫‪çµyèxΨtGsù ã©.¤‹tƒ ÷ρr& ∩⊂∪ #’ª1¨“tƒ …ã&©#yès9 y7ƒÍ‘ô‰ãƒ $tΒuρ ∩⊄∪ 4‘yϑôãF{$#‬‬

‫‪]" ∩⊆∪ #“tø.Ïe%!$#‬ﻋﺒﺲ ‪ ،[٤-١:‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ‪":‬ﺫﻛﺮ ﻏﲑ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﳜﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﻋﻈﻤﺎﺀ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻃﻤﻊ ﰲ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﳜﺎﻃﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺟﻴﻪ ﺇﺫ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﻡ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﳑﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺪﳝﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌﻞ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭ‪‬ﻳِﻠ ﱡﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻒ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ ﻟﻴﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﳐﺎﻃﺒﺔ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ؛ ﻃﻤﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ﰲ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﻡ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﻡ ﻭﺃﻋﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮﻟﱠﻰ ﺃﹶﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻓﺄﻧﺰﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪ ":‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
 ‫‪٣٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻚ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱠﻪ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺰﻛﱠﻰ" ]ﻋﺒﺲ ‪ ،(١)" [٣-١:‬ﻓﻤﺎ‬

‫ﺟ‪‬ﺎﺀﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺭِﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺼﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﻋﺒﺲ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﲪﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺭﻏﺒﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺇﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻌ ‪‬ﺰ‬
‫‪‬ﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﱂ‬
‫ﻳﻜﺘﻤﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻣﻮﱃ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺛﺔ ﺗ‪‬ﺒﻨ‪‬ـﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺯﻭﺟﺔ ﺍﻻﺑﻦ‬
‫ﲢﺮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ ﻭﻟﻮ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺍﺑﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﺼﻠﺐ ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻛـﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﲏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻬﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﹸﻃﻠﻘﺖ ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺟﺤﺶ ﺯﻭﺟﺔ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻉ ﺍﷲ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻟﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻬﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺻﻞ ﺗﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﻌﺒﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻟﺘﹶﺄ ﱡ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺧﻔﻰ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ‪ ،٦٠٤/٤‬ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٣٢٥٤‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‬
 ‫‪٣٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﰲ ﺷﺄﻥ ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺟﺤﺶ ﻭﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﺭﺛﺔ ﻣﻮﱃ ﺍﻟـﻨﱯ ‪‬‬

‫ﺱ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ﱡﻖ‬
‫ﺨﺸ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒﺪِﻳ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﻔِﻲ ﻓِﻲ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫‪ ":‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺸ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻩ " ]ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ ‪ [ ٣٧:‬ﻓﺒﻠﻐﻬﺎ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﺘﻤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺃﻧـﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪":‬ﺟﺎﺀ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺛﺔ ﻳـﺸﻜﻮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﺍﺗﻖ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻣﺴﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺯﻭﺟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻧـﺲ‬
‫‪:‬ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﲤﺎ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻟﻜﺘﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﺗﻔﺨﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺯﻭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻜﻦ ﺃﻫﺎِﻟﻴﻜﱡﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺯﻭﺟﲏ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﺒﻊ ﲰﻮﺍﺕ ")‪ ،(١‬ﻓﺎﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺣﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﻠﻐﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﺰﻟﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﻘﺺ ﻣﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺴﻔﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﻳﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ‪:‬ﺍﻧﻜـﺴﻔﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﳌﻮﺕ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪-‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ‪٦٨٧٠‬‬

 ‫‪٣٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﻑ‪-‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺧﻄﻴﺒﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ‬

‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳊﻖ ‪":‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻘـﻤﺮ ﺁﻳﺘـﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻳـﺎﺕ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﻨﻜﺴﻔﺎﻥ ﳌﻮﺕ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻭﻻ ﳊﻴﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺭﺃﻳﺘﻤﻮﳘﺎ ﻓﺎﺩﻋﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻠﻮﺍ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻨﺠﻠﻲ")‪ ،(١‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺜـﻞ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﲔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻄﻖ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳍﻮﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﻏـﲑ ﺻـﺤﻴﺢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﻔﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﺁﻳﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻳـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻜﺴﻔﺎﻥ ﳌﺜﻞ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺒﲔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺍﻷﻣﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻏﲑ ﻭﺣﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻟـﻪ؟‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺮﺻﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺧﻠـﻂ ﺍﳊـﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺘﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﰲ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻜﺸﻒ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﻠﻂ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ ﻧﺒﻮﺗﻪ ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﺭﻗـﻢ ‪ ،١٠٠٠‬ﻭﻣـﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻜـﺴﻮﻑ‬

‫ﺭﻗﻢ‪١٥٢٢‬‬
 ‫‪٣٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻋﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻟﺮﺑﻪ ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻟﻪ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻋﺒﺪﺍ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﱂ ﻳﻘﻞ ﰲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﺻﻔﻪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫™‪š∅ÏiΒ Wξø‹s9 ⎯Íνωö7yèÎ/ 3“uó r& ü“Ï%©!$# z⎯≈ysö6ß‬‬ ‫ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‬
‫‪…çµs9öθym $oΨø.t≈t/ “Ï%©!$# $|Áø%F{$# ωÉfó¡yϑø9$# ’n<Î) ÏΘ#tysø9$# ωÉfó¡yϑø9$#‬‬

‫‪] " ∩⊇∪ çÅÁt7ø9$# ßìŠÏϑ¡¡9$# uθèδ …çµ¯ΡÎ) 4 !$oΨÏG≈tƒ#u™ ô⎯ÏΒ …çµtƒÎã∴Ï9‬ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ ‪.[١:‬‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ‬ﻳﻨﻬﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻮ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻓﻌـﻪ ﺇﱃ‬

‫ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﱰﻟﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﻧﺰﻟﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺷﺌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺷﺮﻙ ﺑﲔ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺑـﻠﻔﻆ )ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ( ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﺮﺍﻙ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻧﻜﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ‪":‬ﺃﺟﻌﻠﺘﲏ ِﻧ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﷲ؟ ﻗﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺷـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ")‪ ،(١‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ‬ﺣﺮﻳﺼﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲪﺎﻳـﺔ ﺟﻨـﺎﺏ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻟﻠﻨﱯ ‪: ‬ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺷﺌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﷲ ﻧﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻗﻞ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ" ‪ ٢٧٤/١‬ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ‬
 ‫‪٣٦‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺼﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻖ ﻭﺍﳌﺨﻠـﻮﻕ‬

‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ؛ ﺣﺬﺭﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﳛﺪﺙ ﻷﻣﺘﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺣـﺪﺙ‬
‫ﰲ ﺃﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺣﻴﺚ ﹶﻏﹶﻠﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟـﺴﻼﻡ ﹸﻏﻠﹸـﻮﺍ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﺇﻧﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺣﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻠﻮ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﺒﻬﺎ ﳍﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻛـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﳑﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻻ ﺗﻄﺮﻭﱐ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻃﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨـﺼﺎﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺮﱘ ﻓﺈﳕﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ")‪ ،(١‬ﻭﻋـﻦ‬
‫ﺃﰊ ﻣﻄﺮﻑ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻘﺖ ﰲ ﻭﻓﺪ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ ‪:‬ﺃﻧﺖ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ"‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‬
‫‪:‬ﻭﺃﻓﻀﻠﻨﺎ ﻓﻀﻼ ﻭﺃﻋﻈﻤﻨﺎ ﹶﻃ ‪‬ﻮﻻ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﺑﻘـﻮﻟﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﺠﺮﻳ‪‬ﻨﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ")‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﻗﻮﻟﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٣١٨٩‬ﻭﺍﻹﻃﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﻁ ﻭﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺢ ﻭﳎﺎﻭﺯﺓ ﺍﳊﺪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٤١٧٢‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ‪٨٣/١‬‬
‫ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪:‬ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﻗﻮﻟﻜﻢ ﺃﻱ ﻻ ﺗﺒﺎﻟﻐﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺟﺌﺘﻢ ﻷﺟﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻜﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﲟﺎ ﳛﻀﺮﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﻜﻠﻔﻮﻩ‬
 ‫‪٣٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻀﺮﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﻳﻄﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺘﺸﻘﻖ ﻗﺪﻣﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ‪":‬ﺃﻥ ﻧﱯ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻘـﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺣﱴ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘﻔـ ﱠﻄﺮ ﻗـﺪﻣـﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ‪ِ:‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻊ ﻫـﺬﺍ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻏﻔﺮ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻧﺒﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻛﻮﻥ ﻋﺒﺪﺍ ﺷﻜﻮﺭﺍ")‪ ،(١‬ﻓﺎﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺧﺮ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﻓﻼ ﹸﺃ ِﺣ ﱡ‬
‫ﺸ ﱠﻘﻖ ﻗﺪﻣﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻏﻢ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﳚﺘﻬﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﺪ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺘﻔﻄﺮ ﺃﻱ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫‪⎯ÏΒ tΠ£‰s)s? $tΒ ª!$# y7s9 tÏøóu‹Ïj9":‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻐﻔﻮﺭ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫]ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ‪.[٢:‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪¢∩⊄∪ t¨zr's? $tΒuρ šÎ7/ΡsŒ‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﻀﺮ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻟﻴﻠ ﹰﺔ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻓﻮﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪":‬ﺻﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺫﺍﺕ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﺎﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ﻓﻘﺮﺃ ﺣﱴ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺔ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﻳﺮﻛـﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﰒ ﻣﻀﻰ ﺣﱴ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺘﲔ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﻳﺮﻛﻊ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻣﻀﻰ ﺣﱴ ﺧﺘﻤﻬﺎ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٤٤٦٠‬‬

 ‫‪٣٨‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻳﺮﻛﻊ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﰒ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤـﺮﺍﻥ ﺣـﱴ‬

‫ﺧﺘﻤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻳﺮﻛﻊ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﰒ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﺳـﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨـﺴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺮﺃﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﰒ ﺭﻛﻊ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺭﻛﻮﻋﻪ ‪:‬ﺳـﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺭﰊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﻛﻮﻋﻪ ﲟﱰﻟﺔ ﻗﻴﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺳـﺠﺪ ﻓﻜـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺳﺠﻮﺩﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺭﻛﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺳـﺠﻮﺩﻩ ‪:‬ﺳـﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺭﰊ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﺑﺂﻳﺔ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺳﺄﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﺑﺂﻳـﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺬﺍﺏ ﺗﻌﻮﺫ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺮ ﺑﺂﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﱰﻳـﻪ ﷲ ﻋـﺰ ﻭﺟـﻞ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺢ")‪ ، (١‬ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﻴـﺎﻡ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟـﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻀﺮﻉ ﻭﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻤـﻼ‬
‫ﲟﻘﺘﻀﺎﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﳍﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺧﺎﺻـﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺻـﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻴـﻞ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒـﺪ ﺍﻟـﺮﲪﻦ ﺑـﻦ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ‪ ،١٢٩١‬ﻭﺃﲪﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٢٢١٢٥‬ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬
‫ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺪﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻠﻐـﺖ‬
‫ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﳓﻮ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﻧﺼﻒ‬
 ‫‪٣٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻋﻮﻑ ‪:‬ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﺃﻡ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﺑﺄﻱ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﱯ ﺍﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻳﻔﺘﺘﺢ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ‪:‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺭﺏ ﺟﱪﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﻭﻣﻴﻜﺎﺋﻴﻞ ﻭﺇﺳﺮﺍﻓﻴﻞ ﻓـﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻧﺖ ﲢﻜﻢ ﺑـﲔ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻙ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﳜﺘﻠﻔﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻫﺪﱐ ﳌﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻚ ﺇﻧﻚ ‪‬ﺪﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺎﺀ ﺇﱃ ﺻﺮﺍﻁ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﰲ ﻋﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ‬
‫‪ ‬ﷲ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃ ﱠﻛﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻭﺿﺤﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻟـﻪ ﻭﻓﻌﻠـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺼﺮﻓﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﺃﻣﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﱂ ‪‬ﺗﻐ ﹸﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻏﻠـﺖ ﺍﻷﻣـﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺃﻧﺒﻴﺎﺋﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ‪ ‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺳﻮ ﹲﻝ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻄﺮﻭﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻐﻠﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ‬
‫ﻋ ﱠﻈﻤﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻼﺋﻖ ﺑﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪١٢٨٩‬‬

 ‫‪٤٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺭ‪‬ﺑﺎﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬

‫ﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺋﺪﺍ ﻭﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﻓﻘـﺪ ﻛـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻴﺎ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑﻰ ﻗﺮﻧﺎ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺍﺓ ﻷﻣﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑﻰ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭ‪‬ﺑﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭ‪‬ﺑﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻤﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭ‪‬ﺑﻰ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﱴ ﻛـﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ـﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﺴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﻦ ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪":‬ﺧﲑ ﺃﻣﱵ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺑﻌﺜﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪"...‬ﺍﳊـﺪﻳﺚ)‪، (١‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻕ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺧﹶﻠ ﹶﻔﻪ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﻧﺸﺮﻭﺍ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﳋﺎﻓﻘﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺘﺤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻗﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻐﺎﺭ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻧﺸﺮﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻫﺰﻡ ﺍﳌـﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ ﻭﺃﺯﺍﻟﻮﺍ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﺗﻘﻢ ﳍﻢ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺴﺮﻯ ﻓـﻼ ﻛـﺴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ؛ ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﺎ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪": ‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫﻠﻚ ِﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪﻩ" ﻭﻫﺰﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﻀﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻬﻢ‪،‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٣٣٧٧‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ‪٤٦٠٣‬‬
 ‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﱂ ﺗﻘﻢ ﳍﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﺎ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪": ‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫﻠﻚ ﹶﻗﻴ‪‬ـﺼﺮ‬
‫ﻓﻼ ﻗﻴﺼﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ"‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺣﺪﺙ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﻭﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺑـﻦ ﲰـﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ"ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫﻠـﻚ‬
‫ﻛﺴﺮﻯ ﻓﻼ ﻛﺴﺮﻯ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻫﻠﻚ ﻗﻴﺼﺮ ﻓﻼ ﻗﻴﺼﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻘﻦ ﻛﻨﻮﺯﳘﺎ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﳑﺎ ﻧﻠﺤﻈﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻭﰲ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟـﱵ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻘﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﻜﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺓ‪-‬ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪-‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﺪﺡ ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺒﲔ ﻋﻴﻮﺑﻪ ﻭﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀﻩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻐﲑ‬
‫ﰲ ﻛﺜﲑ ﳑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳـﺄﰐ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺭﺑﺎﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺃﻭﻓﻴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻏﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﻼﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻼ ﻧﻘﺪ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﻳﺄﰐ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﳛﺮﺹ ﺣﺮﺻﺎ ﺷـﺪﻳﺪﺍ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﳋﻤﺲ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٢٨٨٨‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﱳ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
‫‪٥١٩٧‬‬
 ‫‪٤٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ﱡﺪ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟـﻚ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳﻎ ﻓﺸﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﲔ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻠﺤﻆ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺧﻠﻔﺎﺋﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﺧﻠﻔﺎﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﻳﻦ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺟﻠﺴﺖ ﺇﱃ ‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﱄ ﻋﻤﺮ ﰲ ﳎﻠﺴﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﳘﻤـﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺟﻠﺲ ﺇ ﱠ‬
‫ﺃﺩﻉ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺻﻔﺮﺍ َﺀ ﻭﻻ ﺑﻴﻀﺎ َﺀ ﺇﻻ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠـﺖ‬
‫‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺖ ﺑﻔﺎﻋﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﱂ ؟ ﻗﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﱂ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻙ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﳘﺎ‬
‫ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﺮﺁﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻘﺘﺪﻱ ‪‬ﻤﺎ")‪ (١‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺣﺎﺟﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﳌﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻣﲑ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺛﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺛﺒﺎﺕ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺖ ﺑﻔﺎﻋﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻤـﺮ ﻋـﻦ ﺳـﺒﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺿﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﲔ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻘﻚ ﺃﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪ ‬ﱂ ﻳﻔﻌﻼ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳـﻚ ﻣـﻦ ﻋﻤـﺮ ﻏـﲑ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺼﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ‪٦٧٣٣‬‬

 ‫‪٤٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﳘﺎ ﺍﳌﺮﺁﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺪﻱ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ‬

‫ﺣﺠﺮ ‪":‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﺍﳌـﺎﻝ ﰲ ﻣـﺼﺎﱀ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭﺃﺑﺎ ﺑﻜـﺮ ﺑﻌـﺪﻩ ﱂ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺿﺎ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﱂ ﻳﺴﻌﻪ ﺧﻼﻓﻬﻤـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺃﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﻗﺘـﺪﺍﺀ ‪‬ﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺟﺐ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﻭﲤﺎﻣﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻣﱰﻝ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﺣﻜﻤـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺗﻐﻴﲑﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻌﻤـﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪:‬ﻭﺍﺗﺒﻌﻮﻩ")‪ ، (١‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺃﻱ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﺠﺮ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﻻ ﻳﻀﺮ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﻔﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓـﻼ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺗﻘﺒﻴﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﳌﺎ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻳﻘ‪‬ﺒﹸﻠﻪ ﱂ ﺗـﺴﻌﻪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﻭﻗ‪‬ﺒﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻨﻪ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳊﺠـﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ ﻓﻘﺒﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﱐ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻻ ﺗﻀﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻨﻔﻊ‪،‬‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﱐ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﺒﻠﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﺘﻚ"‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ‪٢٥٢ /١٣‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪١٤٩٤‬‬
 ‫‪٤٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪﺑ‪‬ﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬

‫ﻟﻪ‪š⎥⎫Ïϑn=≈yèù=Ïj9 ZπtΗôqy‘ ωÎ) š≈oΨù=y™ö‘r& !$tΒuρ:‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫‪ ،[١٠٧:‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﻻ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫]ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫"‪،‬‬ ‫∪∠⊃⊇∩‬

‫ﺭﲪﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﹶﻗِﺒﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﳑﻦ ﺭﲪﻬﻢ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﺮﺽ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺟﲎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺭﺑﻚ ﺑﻈﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺭﲪﺘﻪ ‪-‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﺫﺭﻭﺓ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺍﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ‪-‬ﺃﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﻳﺼﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﳝﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻴﻨﻘﺬﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪ ﰲ‬
‫‪ÓìÏ‚≈t/ y7¯=yèn=sù":‬‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﺠﻴﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ‬
‫‪∩∉∪ $¸y™r& Ï]ƒÏ‰y⇔ø9$# #x‹≈yγÎ/ (#θãΖÏΒ÷σムóΟ©9 βÎ) öΝÏδÌ≈rO#u™ #’n?tã y7|¡ø¯Ρ‬‬

‫ﺴﻚ ﺣﺰﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺇﳝﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻧﻔ ‪‬‬

‫" ]ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻒ ‪ ،[٦:‬ﺃﻱ ‪:‬ﻟﻌﻠﻚ ‪‬ﻣﻬﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳌﻜﺬﺑﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺭﲪﺘﻪ ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﳌﺎ ﺁﺫﺍﻩ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﻒ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻫﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﱂ ﻳﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋ ‪‬ﻮ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
 ‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺃﻫﻞ ﻣﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﻭﻩ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻭﺝ؛ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﳌﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﻒ ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺷﻔﻘﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﻷﻧﻪ ﻛـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺄﻣﻞ ﺃﻥ ﳜﺮﺝ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻼ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌـﻦ ﻋﺎﺋـﺸﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻠﻨﱯ ‪": ‬ﻫﻞ ﺃﺗﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻳﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺷﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﺣﺪ ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻘﻴـﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺷﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺒﺔ؛ ﺇﺫ ﻋﺮﺿﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﻳﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﻛﻼﻝ ﻓﻠـﻢ ﳚـﺒﲏ ﺇﱃ ﻣـﺎ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻘﺖ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻬﻤﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻬﻲ ﻓﻠﻢ ﺃﺳﺘﻔﻖ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻓﻌﺖ ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺴﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻇﻠﺘﲏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻈﺮﺕ‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ ﻓﻨﺎﺩﺍﱐ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺪ ﲰﻊ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻗﻮﻣـﻚ‬
‫ﻟﻚ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺭﺩﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﻟﺘﺄﻣﺮﻩ‬
‫ﲟﺎ ﺷﺌﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎﺩﺍﱐ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﻓﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻳـﺎ‬
‫ﳏﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺷﺌﺖ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻃﺒـﻖ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ‬
 ‫‪٤٦‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺧﺸﺒﲔ ؟ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪: ‬ﺑﻞ ﺃﺭﺟﻮ ﺃﻥ ﳜـﺮﺝ ﺍﷲ ﻣـﻦ‬

‫ﺃﺻﻼ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﻳﺸﺮﻙ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ‬ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭ ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﱡﺒﻠـﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌـﻦ ﺃﰊ‬
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﻞ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺑـﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﺑﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻤﻲ ﺟﺎﻟـﺴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘــﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻉ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ ﱄ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﺖ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﺣﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻈـﺮ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻣﻦ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺮﺣﻢ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺮﺣﻢ")‪ ، (٢‬ﻭﺩﻋﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺘﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﲨﻴﻌﻬﻢ‪-‬ﲨﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ -‬ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﻘﻞ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻹﻧﺲ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻘﻞ ﻛﺎﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧـﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺍﻟﺮﺍﲪـﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺮﲪﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﲪﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻳـﺮﲪﻜﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﰲ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺪﺀ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٢٩٩٢‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗـﻢ‬
‫‪ ،٣٣٥٢‬ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺸﺒﺎﻥ ﺟﺒﻼﻥ ﲟﻜﺔ ﳘﺎ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻗﺒﻴﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻭﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻗﹸ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻴ ِﻘﻌ‪‬ﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﲰﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﺼﻼﺑﺘﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺈﻃﺒﺎﻗﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﺘﻘﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﲟﻜـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻜـﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺫﻟـﻚ‬
‫ﻫﻼﻛﻬﻢ‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺭﻗﻢ‪ ،٥٥٣٨‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔـﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺭﻗـﻢ‬
‫‪٤٢٨٢‬‬
 ‫‪٤٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻭﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺻـﻠﻪ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺣﻢ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺍﷲ ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ‬ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﺇﻃﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ﲰـﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻜﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﱯ ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﺧ ﱠﻔﻒ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺑﺄﻣﻪ ﳌﺎ ﻳﻌﻠـﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ‪": ‬ﺇﱐ ﻷﺩﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺇﻃﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﲰﻊ ﺑﻜﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﱯ ﻓﺄﲡﻮﺯ ﰲ ﺻﻼﰐ ﳑﺎ ﺃﻋﻠـﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﺓ ﻭﺟﺪ ﺃﻣﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜﺎﺋﻪ")‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﻭﱂ ﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺭﲪﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻗﺪ ﴰﻠﺖ ﺭﲪﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺣﱴ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻛﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﳊﺎﺟﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺃﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤﺮﺓ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﺮﺧﺎﻥ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻧﺎ ﻓﺮﺧﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﳊﻤﺮﺓ ﻓﺠﻌﻠﺖ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ِﺮﺵ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻣﻦ ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻮﻟـﺪﻫﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﱡﺩﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺪﻫﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺃﻯ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﳕﻞ ﻗﺪ ﺣﺮﻗﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻣﻦ ﺣـﺮﻕ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ١٨٤٧‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٤٢٩٠‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٦٦٨‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٧٢٣‬‬
 ‫‪٤٨‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﻩ؟ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ‪:‬ﳓﻦ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺬﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺭﺏ‬

‫ﻕ ﳊﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ")‪ ، (١‬ﻓﺎﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻳ ِﺮ ﱡ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺮﲪﻪ ﻭﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﺬﳘﺎ ﺑﺈﻃﻼﻗﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣـﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺻـﻴﺪ ﺍﻟـﱪ‬
‫ﺣﻼﻝ‪-‬ﳌﻦ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﳏﺮﻣﺎ‪ -‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻣﻸﺕ ﺟـﻮﺍﻧﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ‪ ‬ﱂ ﻳﻘﺪﺭ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻄـﺎﺋﺮ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻜﲔ ﺍﳌﻔﺠﻮﻉ ﰲ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺑﺈﻃﻼﻗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ‪ ‬ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺇﱃ ﺭﲪﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣـﺎ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺭﻭﺡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﳛﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺟﺮ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ‪":‬ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ﺭﺟـﻞ‬
‫ﳝﺸﻲ ﻓﺎﺷﺘﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺶ ﻓﱰﻝ ﺑﺌﺮﺍ ﻓﺸﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﰒ ﺧـﺮﺝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻜﻠﺐ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻬﺚ ﻳﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﱠﺜ ‪‬ﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﺶ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻟﻘـﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻠﻎ ﰊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻸ ‪‬ﺧ ﱠﻔﻪ ﰒ ﺃﻣﺴﻜﻪ ﺑ ِﻔﻴﻪ ﰒ ‪‬ﺭِﻗ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺴﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﻜﺮ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻐﻔﺮ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺇﻥ ﻟﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺋﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻛﺒﺪ ﺭﻃﺒﺔ ﺃﺟﺮ")‪.(٢‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٣٠٠‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻗﺎﺓ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٢١٩٠‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٤١٦٢‬‬
 ‫‪٤٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺸﺪﺓ ﺣﱴ ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟ ِﻐ ﹾﻠﻈﺔ ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺒﺒﺎ ﰲ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺎ ﻫـﻮ ﺫﺍ ﻳﺮﺷـﺪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ‪ ":‬ﻋ ﱢﺬﺑﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ‬
‫ﰲ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮﺓ ﺳﺠﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﱴ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﻓﺪﺧﻠﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻫـﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻃﻌﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﺫ ﺣﺒﺴﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺸﺎﺵ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ")‪.(١‬‬‫‪‬ﺧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺳﺠﻠﺖ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪﺓ ﺧﺪﳚﺔ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﴰﺎﺋﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻃﺒﻌﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﱴ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﺗﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻪ ﳌﺎ ﺟﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ‪":‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺰﻳﻚ ﺍﷲ ﺃﺑﺪﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﺐ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ ِﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻚ ﻟﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﲢﻤﻞ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﱠﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ ْﹶﻜ ِ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ِﻌﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﺍﺋﺐ ﺍﳊﻖ")‪ ،(٢‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺧﻼﻟﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻮ ‪‬ﺣﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻲ ﺯﺍﺩﺕ ﻧﻮﺭﺍ ﻭﺗﻸﻟـﺆﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻼﻻ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻚ ﺭﺑﻚ ﺭﲪﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٣٢٢٣‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﱪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٤٧٤٩‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺪﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٣‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ‪٣٣١‬‬
 ‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﳊﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻔﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺢ ﻣﻦ ﴰﺎﺋﻠﻪ ‪‬‬

‫ﺠﺎﻳﺎ ﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻔﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺢ ﺳﺠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ‪ ، ‬ﺣﱴ ﺇﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﻢ ﻟﻨﻔـﺴﻪ ﻗـﻂ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻚ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﺄﺗﺎﻩ ﻳﺘﻘﺎﺿﺎﻩ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺃﻏﻠﻆ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﲝﻠﻢ ﻭﺻﻔﺢ‪-‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺒﲔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪-‬ﺣﱴ ﻫﺪﺍﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﺒﺬ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪" ‬ﻳﺘﻘﺎﺿﺎﻩ ﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻜﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﳝﻦ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﻧﻜﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠـﺐ ﺃﺻـﺤﺎﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻄﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﱐ ﺑﻜﻢ ﻟﻌﺎﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻬﺮﻩ ﻋﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪: ‬ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻛﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻏﲑ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻨﻚ ﺃﺣﻮﺝ ‪:‬ﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﻣﺮﱐ‬
‫ﲝﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺄﻣﺮﻩ ﲝﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻓِـﻪ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻠﻪ ﺛﻼﺙ ]ﺃﻱ ‪:‬ﱂ ﳛـﻦ ﺃﺟـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺛﻼﺙ[ ﻓﺰﺩﻩ ﺛﻼﺛﲔ ﺻﺎﻋﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺮﻙ‬
 ‫‪٥١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ")‪ ، (١‬ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ‪":‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﳏﻞ ﺍﻷﺟﻞ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻮﻣﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺟﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻭﻋﻤﺮ ﻭﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻـﺤﺎﺑﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺻﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﺩﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﻓﺠﻠﺲ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺧـﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﲟﺠﺎﻣـﻊ ﻗﻤﻴﺼـﻪ ﻭﻧﻈﺮﺕ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ ﺑﻮﺟﻪ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ‪ ،‬ﺛـﻢ ﻗﻠﺖ‬
‫‪:‬ﺃﻻ ﺗﻘﻀﻴﲏ ﻳﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺣﻘﻲ؟ ﻓﻮﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻤـﺘﻜﻢ ﺑـﲏ ﻋﺒـﺪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ ﲟﻄﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﱄ ﲟﺨﺎﻟﻄﺘﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻭﻧﻈﺮﺕ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺏ ﻭﻋﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺗﺪﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﰲ ﻭﺟﻬـﻪ ﻛﺎﻟ ﹶﻔﻠـﻚ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺭﻣﺎﱐ ﺑﺒﺼﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﻱ ﻋـﺪﻭ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺃﺗﻘـﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﲰﻊ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﻯ؟ ﻓﻮﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺑﻌﺜـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳊﻖ ﻟﻮﻻ ﻣﺎ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺣِﺎﺫﺭ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺗﻪ ﻟﻀﺮﺑﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﻔﻲ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻋﻨﻘـﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻤﺮ ﰲ ﺳﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺗﺆﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺎ ﺃﺣﻮﺝ ﺇﱃ ﻏﲑ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﻣﺮﱐ ﲝﺴﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺄﻣﺮﻩ ﲝﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﺎﻗﻀﻪ ﺣﻘـﻪ ﻭﺯﺩﻩ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ‪ ٣٧/٢‬ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﱯ ‪:‬ﻣﺮﺳﻞ‬

 ‫‪٥٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺻﺎﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻋﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺪ ‪:‬ﻓﺬﻫﺐ ﰊ‬

‫ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﻘﻀﺎﱐ ﺣﻘﻲ ﻭﺯﺍﺩﱐ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺻﺎﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﲤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﻣﺮﱐ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﺃﺯﻳﺪﻙ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺭﻋﺘﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻓﲏ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﻧﺖ؟ ﻗﻠـﺖ‬
‫ﳊ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﳊ‪‬ﺒﺮ؟ ﻗﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﻧﻌﻢ ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫‪:‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﺖ؟‬
‫ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ! ﻛﻞ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﻗﺪ ﻋﺮﻓﺘـﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻭﺟـﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺣﲔ ﻧﻈﺮﺕ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺛﻨﺘﲔ ﱂ ﺃﺧﺘﱪﳘـﺎ ﻣﻨـﻪ‬
‫‪:‬ﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﺣﻠﻤﻪ ﺟﻬﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﳉﻬﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺣﻠﻤـﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺧﺘﱪ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺷﻬﺪﻙ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺃﱐ ﻗﺪ ﺭﺿﻴﺖ ﺑـﺎﷲ ﺭﺑـﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺩﻳﻨﺎ ﻭﲟﺤﻤﺪ ‪ ‬ﻧﺒﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺷﻄﺮ ﻣـﺎﱄ‪-‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﱐ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﻣـﺎﻻ‪-‬ﺻﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣـﺔ ﳏﻤﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﺮ‬
‫‪:‬ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ؟ ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﻻ ﺗﺴﻌﻬﻢ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺟﻊ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻭﺯﻳﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ ﺯﻳـﺪ‬
 ‫‪٥٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫‪:‬ﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ‪..‬ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ")‪ ،(١‬ﻓﻘﺪ‬

‫ﺣﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﲟﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﻢ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﳊ‪‬ﺒﺮ ﺭﻏﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺀ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍ‪‬ﻧِﺘﻬﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻦ ﺃﻧﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻛﻨﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺸﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺮﺩ ﳒﺮﺍﱐ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ ﺍﳊﺎﺷـﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﺩﺭﻛﻪ ﺃﻋﺮﺍﰊ ﻓﺠﺒﺬﻩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺋﻪ ﺟﺒﺬﺓ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺣﱴ ﻧﻈـﺮﺕ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻋﺎﺗﻖ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ ﺃﺛﺮﺕ ‪‬ﺎ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱪﺩ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺪﺓ ﺟﺒﺬﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﱄ ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﰒ ﺿﺤﻚ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺃﻣـﺮ ﻟـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻄﺎﺀ")‪ ، (٢‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﰊ ﻭﻏﻠﻈﺘﻪ ﻭﻗﺴﻮﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺿﺤﻚ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺄﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒـﺄﰊ ﻫـﻮ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﺣﻠﻤﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ!‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎﻥ ‪ ،٥٢١/١‬ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺆﻭﻁ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﲔ‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٥٣٦٢‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪١٧٤٩‬‬
 ‫‪٥٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﺎﺭﺑﺘﻪ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺍﶈﺎﺭﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻟﱠﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﺋـﻞ‬

‫ﻭﺁﺫﻭﻩ ﻭﺁﺫﻭﺍ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺟﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻳﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻮﻟﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﳍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﻜﻨﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺧـﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺔ ﻓﺎﲢﺎ ﰲ ﻋـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻔـﺘﺢ ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗـﻒ ﺍﻟﻨـﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺰﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﻤﻜﲔ‪،‬ﱂ ﻳﻌﺎﻣﻠﻬﻢ ﲟﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻘﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻴـﻎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻞ ﻋﻔﺎ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﳍﻢ ﺣﲔ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ‪":‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﱐ ﺻﺎﻧﻊ ﺑﻜﻢ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﺧﲑﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﺥ ﻛﺮﱘ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺥ ﻛﺮﱘ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎﻝ‬
‫‪:‬ﺍﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ ﻓﺄﻧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻘﺎﺀ")‪ ، (١‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻏﲑ ﻧﱯ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﺭﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺭﲪﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﻠﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻪ ﻭﺁﻻﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺗﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺘﻘﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺼﻤﻪ ﰒ ﻳﻌﻔﻮ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﺎ ﺑﻐﲑ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺫﻯ ﻏﲑ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺳﻨﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ ‪١١٨ / ٩‬‬

 ‫‪٥٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌﻪ ﻭﺯﻫﺪﻩ ﻭﻛﺮﻣﻪ ‪‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻋﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻋﺎﱄ ﺍﳍﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﳛـﺐ‬
‫ﺴﺎﻓﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺿﻌﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﱄ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻭﻳﻜﺮﻩ ‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻜﱪ ﺃﻭ ﲡﱪ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍ ﰲ ﻣﺘـﻊ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻏﲑ ﻣﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺼﻮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺭﺟﻞ ﻓﻜﻠﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌـﻞ‬
‫‪‬ﺗﺮ ‪‬ﻋﺪ ﹶﻓﺮﺍِﺋﺼﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ‪:‬ﻫﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﱐ ﻟﺴﺖ ‪‬ﲟِﻠﻚ‪ ،‬ﺇﳕـﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺪ")‪ ، (١‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻌﺠﺒـﻪ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻳـﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺧﺎﺋﻔﺎ ﻣﻀﻄﺮﺑﺎ ﻓﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﲔ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ‬
‫ﲟﻠﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٣٣٠٣‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺋﺪ ‪:‬ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺇﺳـﻨﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭﺭﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﳊـﺎﻛﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌـﺴﺘﺪﺭﻙ‬
‫‪ ٥٠/٣‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﲔ ﻭﻭﺍﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﱯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺋﺺ ‪:‬ﲨﻊ ﻓﺮﻳـﺼﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﳊﻤﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳉﻨﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﻒ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺪ ‪:‬ﺃﻱ ﺗﻀﻄﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺪ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﺢ ﺍ‪‬ﻔﻒ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬
 ‫‪٥٦‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍ ﹸﳌﻨ ‪‬ﻌﻤﲔ ﺑﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍ‪‬ﻔـﻒ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌﻪ ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﳚﻠـﺲ ﻋﻨـﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﺟﻠﺴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺿﻌﲔ ﻻ ﺟﻠﺴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﱪﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺴﺮ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺃﻫﺪﻳﺖ ﻟﻠﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﺓ ﻓﺠﺜﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﻛﺒﺘﻴﻪ ﻳﺄﻛﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻋـﺮﺍﰊ ‪:‬ﻣـﺎ ﻫـﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻠﺴﺔ؟ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺟﻌﻠﲏ ﻋﺒـﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﳝﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﻢ ﳚـﻌﻠﲏ‬
‫ﺟﺒﺎﺭﺍ ﻋﻨﻴﺪﺍ")‪ ،(١‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺑﻄﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺇﳕﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟـﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺫﻟـﻚ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌﺎ ﷲ")‪ ، (٢‬ﻭﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ‪ ‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴﺮ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻜﺎ ﻧﺒﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺒﺪﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻻ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﺒﺪﺍ ﺭﺳـﻮﻻ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺟﻠﺲ ﺟﱪﻳـﻞ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻓﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ‪‬ﻣﹶﻠﻚ ﻳﱰﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺟﱪﻳـﻞ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰﻝ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻳﻮﻡ ‪‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻧﺰﻝ ﻗـﺎﻝ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﺟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٣٢٨١‬ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟـﻪ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤـﺔ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ‪ ،٣٢٥٤‬ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ ‪:‬ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﺣﺴﻦ‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﻧﻘﻠﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ ﰲ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ‪٥٤١ / ٩‬‬
 ‫‪٥٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﲏ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺭﺑﻚ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﻓ ‪‬ﻤِﻠﻜﺎ ﻧﺒﻴﺎ ﳚﻌﻠـﻚ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻻ؟‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ ‪:‬ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻟﺮﺑﻚ ﻳﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺑﻞ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻻ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌﻪ ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳜﺪﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘـﻪ‪،‬‬
‫‪‬ﺳﺌﻠﺖ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ "ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻒ ﻧﻌﻠـﻪ‪،‬‬‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ‪:‬ﻛﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻳﺨﻴﻂ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﳜـ ِ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺑﻴﻮ‪‬ﻢ")‪ ، (٢‬ﻭﰲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﻪ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﺳﺌﻠﺖ‬
‫"ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ‪:‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺸﺮﺍ ﻣﻦ‬
‫)‪(٣‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻔﻠﻲ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﳛِﻠﺐ ﺷﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﳜ ِﺪﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ"‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٦٨٦٣‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺆﻭﻁ ‪ :‬ﺇﺳـﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﲔ‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﰲ ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻗﻢ‪ ،٢٣٧٥٦‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺆﻭﻁ ‪:‬ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﰲ ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٢٤٩٩٨‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺆﻭﻁ ‪:‬ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
 ‫‪٥٨‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺯﻫﺪﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﱡﻠﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻓـﺄﻣﺮ ﻇـﺎﻫﺮ‬

‫ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻟﻌﺮﻭﺓ ﺍﺑـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺑﲑ )ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ( ‪":‬ﺇﻥ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻟﻨﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳍﻼﻝ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﹶﺃ ِﻫﱠﻠﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﺎ ﹸﺃﻭِﻗﺪﺕ ﰲ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻧﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠـﺖ‬
‫ﺸ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ‪:‬ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻤـﺮ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﺮﻭﺓ( ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻌِﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺟﲑﺍﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻧـﺼﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﳍﻢ ‪‬ﻣﻨﺎﺋﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳝﻨﺤﻮﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻴـﺎ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺴﻘﻴﻨﺎﻩ")‪ ، (١‬ﻭﻋـﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ ﻋﻨـﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﱄ ﺍﳌﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻃﺎﻭﻳﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻳﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺎ ﹶ‬
‫ﻻ ﳚﺪﻭﻥ ﻋﺸﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺧﺒﺰﻫﻢ ﺧﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﲑ")‪ ،(٢‬ﻭﻋﻦ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﻕ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٥٩٧٨‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ‪٥٢٨٢‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٢٢٨٣‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ‪:‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﺭﻗـﻢ ‪،٣٣٣٨‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٢١٨٩‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺆﻭﻁ ‪:‬ﺇﺳﻨﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻃﺎﻭﻳﺎ ‪:‬ﺧﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺟﺎﺋﻌﺎ‬
 ‫‪٥٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺃﻧﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪":‬ﺃﻥ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﱂ‬

‫ﺿ ﹶﻔﻒ")‪، (١‬‬
‫ﳚﻤﻊ ﻟﻪ ﻏﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﻻ ﻋﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒﺰ ﻭﳊﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺮﻭﻕ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﺎﺋـﺸﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺪﻋﺖ ﱄ ﺑﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﺖ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﺷﺒﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﻓﺄﺷﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺑﻜ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ‪‬ﺑ ﹶﻜ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﻗﻠﺖ ‪ِ:‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻢ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ‪:‬ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻓـﺎﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺒﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒـﺰ ﻭﳊـﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﰲ ﻳﻮﻡ")‪ ، (٢‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻛﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺃﺟﻮﺩﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﳚﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﶈﺘـﺎﺝ‬
‫ﻭﻏﲑ ﺍﶈﺘﺎﺝ ﲟﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ‪":‬ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺟـﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﻣـﺎ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﰲ‬
‫ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﺣﲔ ﻳﻠﻘﺎﻩ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﻘﺎﻩ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠـﺔ ﻣـﻦ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ‪ ،١٣٣٥٦‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺭﻧﺆﻭﻁ ‪:‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺷـﺮﻁ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‪٢٧٣/١٤‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺳﻨﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺭﻗﻢ‪ ٢٢٧٩‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ‪:‬ﻫـﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
 ‫‪٦٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﻓ‪‬ﻴﺪﺍ ِﺭ ‪‬ﺳﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﳋﲑ ﻣـﻦ‬

‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻠﺔ"‬
‫ﻗﺪ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺴﺘﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟـﺮﺯﻕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﻄﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳉﻮﺩ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻖ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﻮﺩ‪-‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻴﻖ‪ -‬ﻳﻔﻮﻕ ﺟﻮﺩ ﻛﻞ ﺟـﻮﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ‬
‫ﻳﻔﻮﻕ ﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺢ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﳋﲑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﳉﻮﺩ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻧﱯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﻋﱪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﻋـﻦ ﺟـﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﳜﺸﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﺃﻧـﺲ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪":‬ﺃﻥ ﺭﺟﻼ ﺳﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻏﻨﻤـﺎ ﺑـﲔ‬
‫ﺟﺒﻠﲔ ﻓﺄﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺗﻰ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﻱ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺃﺳﻠﻤﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﻟﻴﻌﻄﻲ ﻋﻄﺎ ًﺀ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ"‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺪﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٥‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‪٤٢٦٢‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٤٢٧٦‬‬
 ‫‪٦١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﺑﻼﺅﻩ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﻭﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﳎﺘﻤﻊ ﻣﻜﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻙ ﲟﻔـﺮﺩﻩ ﻭﻫـﻮ‬
‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻫﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﻇﻞ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﻠﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺽ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻗﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻌﻪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻻ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ ﻟﻨـﺼﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺫﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨـﺔ ﺍﳌﻨـﻮﺭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻒ ﺍﻷﻳﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﺇﱃ ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟـﺪﻓﻊ ﻭﺭ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﰒ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻭﻗﺼﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﺍﶈﺎﺭﺑﲔ ﺇﱃ ﺩﻳﺎﺭﻫﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﰲ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﳉﻬـﺪ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﺩ ﺍﳉﻴﻮﺵ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺮﺝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺑﺄﺻـﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺮﻏﺒﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺃﺑﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﺬﻝ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺣﱴ ﺇﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ﱡﺩ ﺃﻥ ﳚﺎﻫـﺪ‬
 ‫‪٦٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺘﻞ ﰒ ﳛﻴﺎ ﰒ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺘﻞ ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ؛ ﳌﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻘﻠﺒﻪ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺐ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪": ‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻟﻮﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺟﺎﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻻ ﺗﻄﻴﺐ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻔﻮﺍ ﻋﲏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺃﺟﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﲪﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﲣﻠﻔﺖ ﻋﻦ ‪‬ﺳ ِﺮ‪‬ﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺕ ﺃﻥ ﹸﺃ ﹾﻗﺘ‪‬ـﻞ ﰲ‬‫ﺗﻐﺰﻭ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺩ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﰒ َﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﹸﺃ ﹾﻗ‪‬ﺘﻞ ﰒ ﺃﺣﻴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﹸﺃ ﹾﻗﺘ‪‬ـﻞ ﰒ ﺃﺣﻴـﺎ‪ ،‬ﰒ‬
‫ﹸﺃ ﹾﻗ‪‬ﺘﻞ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ‬ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺭ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﹶﻗِﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﳍﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻏﲑ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ِﺮﻗﺔ ﺑﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻨﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻋـﻦ‬
‫ﻀﻠﻪ ﺇﻻ ﲟﺪﻯ ﺣﺒﻪ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺑﻼﺋﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻭﺻﺎﻳﺎﻩ ‪ ‬ﳉﻴﻮﺷﻪ ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻬـﺎﺩ ﰲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺗﺒﲔ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﻧﺒﻞ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳉﻬـﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧـﻪ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٢٥٨٨‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻣـﺎﺭﺓ ﺭﻗـﻢ‬
‫‪٤٣٨٤‬‬
 ‫‪٦٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺟﻬـﺎﺩ ﻹﺣﻘﺎﻕ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻌـﻠﻮ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻓﺴﺎﺩ‪،‬‬

‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﺣﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﻼﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﲑﺍ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺑـﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺮ ﺃﻣﲑﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻴﺶ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭﺻﺎﻩ ﰲ ﺧﺎﺻﺘﻪ ﺑﺘﻘـﻮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺧﲑﺍ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺍ ﹾﻏ ‪‬ﺰﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﰲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻏﺰﻭﺍ ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻐﱡﻠﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻐ ِﺪﺭﻭﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺜﹸﻠﹸﻮﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﻘﺘﻠﻮﺍ ﻭِﹶﻟﻴﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻘﻴـﺖ ﻋـﺪﻭﻙ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻛﲔ ﻓﺎﺩﻋﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺧﺼﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓﹶـﹶﺄﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻦ ﻣـﺎ‬
‫ﻒ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺍﺩﻋﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﻙ ﻓﺎﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭ ﹸﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﻙ ﻓﺎﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﻛﻒ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺍﺩﻋﻬﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻫﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺃﺧﱪﻫﻢ ﺃ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﻥ ﻓﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻬـﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻥ ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺤﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﺄﺧﱪﻫﻢ ﺃ‪‬ﻢ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﻥ ﻛﺄﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﳚﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳚﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﳍـﻢ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻲﺀ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﳚﺎﻫﺪﻭﺍ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﻢ‬
 ‫‪٦٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺴ ﹾﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﻙ ﻓﺎﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﻛﻒ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍ ﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺃﺑﻮﺍ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﻦ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻭﻗﺎﺗﻠﻬﻢ ‪..‬ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﰲ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﳛﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺑﻞ ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻫﺪ ﰲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺷﺮﻉ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﲡﺎﻭﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎ‪‬ﺎﻫﺪ ﱂ ﳜﺮﺝ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﻴﺘـﻪ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﺣﱴ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻳﺘﻬﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻛﻔﻮﺍ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻔـﺎﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﳑﻨﻮﻋﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐـﺪﺭ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴـﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳉﺜﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺘﻞ ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﺷـﺮﻑ ﺟﻬـﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻭﻗﺘﺎﳍﻢ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٢٦١‬‬

 ‫‪٦٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺡ ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﻌﱠﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻗﺮ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ ‪‬ﻳ ِﻔﺮ ‪ ‬ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻳـﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻛﺔ ﺭﻏﻢ ﺷﺪ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻮﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺇﺳﺤﻖ ﻗـﺎﻝ‬
‫‪":‬ﺟﺎﺀ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺀ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﻭﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺣﻨﲔ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺑـﺎ‬
‫ﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ؟‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﱯ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻭ ﱠ‬
‫ﺴﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻢ ﻗﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃ ِﺧ ﱠﻔﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﻣﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻫﻢ ِﺑ ِﺮ ‪‬ﺷ ٍﻖ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒ ٍﻞ ﻛﺄ‪‬ﺎ ﺭﺟـﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺟـﺮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻧﻜﺸﻔﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺑـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺙ ﻳﻘﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻐﻠﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﱰﻝ ﻭﺩﻋﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﺃﻧﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﻻ ﻛﺬﺏ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﺰ ﹾﻝ ﻧﺼﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺱ ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘﻘِﻲ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻉ ﻣﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱪﺍﺀ ‪:‬ﻛﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ﹾﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺬﻱ ‪‬ﻳﺤ‪‬ﺎﺫِﻱ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ، (١)"‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﳌﻌـﺎﺭﻙ ﻋﻨـﺪ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٣٢٦‬‬

 ‫‪٦٦‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﺷﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻮﻑ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﻼﺫ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﺠﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻄﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﺄﺳـﻬﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﻏﺰﻭﺓ ﺣﻨﲔ ﺣﲔ ‪‬ﻭﱠﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺒﻐﻠﺘﻪ ﺻﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒـﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠـﺐ‬
‫‪":‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﱃ ﺍﳌـﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻣـﺪﺑﺮﻳﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓ ﹶﻄ ِﻔﻖ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﻛﹸﺾ‪ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻐﹶﻠ‪‬ﺘﻪ‪ِ ‬ﻗ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﺒـﺎﺱ‬
‫‪:‬ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺁﺧﺬ ﺑﻠﺠﺎﻡ ﺑﻐﻠﺔ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻛﹸﻔﱡﻬ‪‬ـﺎ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻻ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺮﻉ‪"...‬ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ)‪ ،(١‬ﻓﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﳛـﺎﻭﻝ‬
‫ﹶﺛ‪‬ﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﻉ ﰲ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﺣﺮﺻﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳﺼﻴ‪‬ﺒﻪ ﻣﻜﺮﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﺮﻛﺾ ﺑﻐﻠﺘـﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﲔ ﻭﱃ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﳚﺪ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺩ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﻛﺾ ﰲ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٣٢٤‬‬

 ‫‪٦٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﺣﲔ ﻳﻮﱄ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺩ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺎ ﺣﻘﺎ ﻇـﺎﻫﺮﺍ‬

‫ﻭﺑﺎﻃﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ‪ ‬ﺇﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻫﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﺠﻼﺋﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﺃﻧﺲ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟـﻨﱯ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺃﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺃﺷﺠﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﻓﹶـ ِﺰﻉ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ِﻗ‪‬ﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻘﺒﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﻟﻦ ‪‬ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻮﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺱ ﻷﰊ ﻃﻠﺤﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ِﺮﻱ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺮﺝ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺮﺍ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﻪ ﻟﺒﺤـﺮ")‪،(١‬‬
‫ﰲ ﻋﻨﻘﻪ ﺳﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﻭﺟﺪﺗﻪ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓِﻠ ﹶﻔﺮﻁ ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺘﻪ ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺰﻉ ﺣﱴ ﺍﺳﺘﺠْ‪‬ﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﺇﻥ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﱂ ﻳﻠﺤﻘﻪ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺭﺍﺟـﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻫﺐ ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺱ ﻋﺮﻱ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺮﺝ ﻭﺍﻟـﺴﻴﻒ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻱ ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲡﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﲟﻔﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺎﻭﻧﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٥٥٧٣‬‬

 ‫‪٦٨‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬

‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﱪ ‪":‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﻏﺰﺍ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ِ ‬ﻗ‪‬ﺒﻞ ﳒﺪ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﹶﻗﻔﹶـﻞ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻗﻔﻞ ﻣﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺩﺭﻛﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻠـﺔ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺩ ﻛـﺜﲑ‬
‫ﻀﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﱰﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﺗﻔـﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌـﻀﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﻈﻠﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺠﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺰﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﲢﺖ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻤﺮﺓ ﻓﻌﻠﻖ ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻔﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ‪:‬ﻓﻨﻤﻨﺎ ﻧﻮﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻧﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺠﺌﻨﺎﻩ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺃﻋﺮﺍﰊ ﺟﺎﻟﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪: ‬ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺻ ﹾﻠﺘﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻁ ﺳﻴﻔﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻧﺎﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻴﻘﻈﺖ ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﻳﺪﻩ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﱄ ‪:‬ﻣﻦ ﳝﻨﻌﻚ ﻣﲏ؟ ﻗﻠﺖ ‪:‬ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﻟﺲ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﱂ‬
‫ﻳﻌﺎﻗﺒﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪.(١)"‬‬
‫ﻓﻔﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ ﺣﻴـﺚ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻞ ﳑـﺴﻚ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﻒ ﻗﺪ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﻬﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﺣﻴﺪﺍ‬
‫ﳉ ﹾﺄﺵ ﻭﺍﺛﻘﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺳﻼﺡ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻇﻞ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﻭﱂ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﻮﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺰﻉ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﻳﻘﲔ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﺃﻣﻜﻨﻪ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﺯﻱ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٣٨٢٢‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٤٢٣١‬‬
 ‫‪٦٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﷲ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ ‪":‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺮﻁ ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﺓ ﻳﻘﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺻﱪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﻠﻤﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﻝ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﺇﻗﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺄﺧﺮﻩ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍ ﹸﳌِﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻳﺘﻤﲎ ﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﳛﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﻟﻘﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺮ ﺣـﱴ ﻣﺎﻟـﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﰒ ﻗﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺧﻄﻴﺒﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪ ":‬ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻤﻨﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﹶﻟ ِﻘﻴ‪‬ﺘﻤـﻮﻫﻢ ﻓﺎﺻـﱪﻭﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﲢﺖ ﻇﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻮﻑ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ِﺰ ﹶﻝ‬
‫ﺏ ﻭﻫﺎﺯﻡ ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ ﺍﻫﺰﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻧﺼﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﺤ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻱ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻜﺘ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ")‪.(٢‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ‪٤٢٨ / ٧‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،٢٧٤٤‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٢٧٦‬‬
 ‫‪٧٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﻧﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬

‫ﻧﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺿـﻤﻦ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺡ ﳌﻦ ﺁﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺳـﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﻧ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫‪ü“Ï%©!$# u‘θ‘Ζ9$# (#θãèt7¨?$#uρ çνρã|ÁtΡuρ çνρ⑨“tãuρ ⎯ϵÎ/ (#θãΖtΒ#u™ š⎥⎪Ï%©!$$sù":‬‬

‫‪،[١٥٧:‬‬ ‫&‪] "∩⊇∈∠∪ šχθßsÎ=øßϑø9$# ãΝèδ y7Íׯ≈s9'ρé&   ÿ…çµyètΒ tΑÌ“Ρé‬ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‬

‫ﻓﺎﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻋ ‪‬ﺰﺭﻭﻩ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻭﱠﻗﺮﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻧﺼﺮﻭﻩ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟـﺬﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺃﻋﺎﻧﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻋﺪﺍﺋﻪ ﲜﻬﺎﺩﻫﻢ ﻭﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﳍﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻣﺪﺡ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻧﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﺷـﻬﺪ‬
‫‪t⎦⎪ÌÉf≈yγßϑø9$# Ï™!#ts)àù=Ï9‬‬ ‫ﳍﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﻕ ﰲ ﺇﳝﺎ‪‬ﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ ‪":‬‬
‫‪«!$# z⎯ÏiΒ WξôÒsù tβθäótGö6tƒ óΟÎγÏ9≡uθøΒr&uρ öΝÏδÌ≈tƒÏŠ ⎯ÏΒ (#θã_Ì÷zé& t⎦⎪Ï%©!$#‬‬

‫‪tβθè%ω≈¢Á9$# ãΝèδ šÍׯ≈s9'ρé& 4 ÿ…ã&s!θß™u‘uρ ©!$# tβρçÝÇΖtƒuρ $ZΡ≡uθôÊÍ‘uρ‬‬

‫∪∇∩ "]ﺍﳊﺸﺮ ‪، [ ٨:‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺷﻬﺪ ﳍﻢ ﻭﻟﻸﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻟـﺬﻳﻦ ﺁﻭﻭﻫـﻢ‬

‫ﻭﻧﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺑﺄ‪‬ﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﺣﻘﺎ ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ ‪":‬‬
‫‪t⎦⎪É‹©9$#uρ «!$# È≅‹Î6y™ ’Îû (#ρ߉yγ≈y_uρ (#ρãy_$yδuρ (#θãΖtΒ#u™ š⎥⎪Ï%©!$#uρ‬‬
 ‫‪٧١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫™‪×−ø—Í‘uρ ×οtÏøó¨Β Νçλ°; 4 $y)ym tβθãΖÏΒ÷σßϑø9$# ãΝèδ šÍׯ≈s9'ρé& (#ÿρç|ÇtΡ¨ρ (#ρuρ#u‬‬

‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺳـﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫‪] " ∩∠⊆∪ ×ΛqÌx.‬ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ ‪[٧٤:‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﱡﻨﺼﺮﺓ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﻖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻦ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨـﺼﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺑﻼﻍ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﺟـﺎﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻣﻜﺚ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﲟﻜﺔ ﻋـﺸﺮ‬
‫ﺠﻨ‪‬ـ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺳـﻢ‬ ‫ﻅ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﲔ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﳍﻢ ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻜﹶﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺮﻧِﻲ ﺣﱴ ﺃﺑﻠﻎ ﺭﺳـﺎﻟﺔ ﺭﰊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﲟﲎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺆﻭِﻳﻨِﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ‪ "..،‬ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ)‪ ،(١‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﺓ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻭﻩ ﻭﺃﻥ ﳝﻨﻌﻮﻩ ﳑﺎ ﳝﻨﻌـﻮﻥ ﻣﻨـﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻗﺎﻝ ﳍﻢ ‪":‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﻧِﻲ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،١٣٩٣٤‬ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺭﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﲔ‬

‫‪٦٨١ / ٢‬‬
 ‫‪٧٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﻮﻧِﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﳑـﺎ ﲤﻨﻌـﻮﻥ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﺃﻧﻔـﺴﻜﻢ‬

‫ﻭﺃﺯﻭﺍﺟﻜﻢ ﻭﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻛﻢ ﻭﻟﻜﻢ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﺗﻌﺲ ﻗﻮﻣﺎ ﹸﺃﺧﺬ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺼﺮﺗﻪ ‪ ‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺨﺮﻭﻥ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻬﺰﺋﻮﻥ! ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ‬
‫‪t,≈sW‹ÏΒ ª!$# x‹s{r& øŒÎ)uρ":‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ‬
‫‪öΝà2u™!%y` ¢ΟèO 7πyϑõ3Ïmuρ 5=≈tGÅ2 ⎯ÏiΒ Νà6çG÷s?#u™ !$yϑs9 z⎯↵ÍhŠÎ;¨Ψ9$#‬‬

‫‘‪t $s% 4 …絯ΡãÝÁΨtGs9uρ ⎯ϵÎ/ £⎯ãΨÏΒ÷σçGs9 öΝä3yètΒ $yϑÏj9 ×−Ïd‰|Á•Β ×Αθß™u‬‬

‫‪Α‬‬

‫™‪tΑ$s% 4 $tΡö‘tø%r& (#þθä9$s% ( “Ìô¹Î) öΝä3Ï9≡sŒ 4’n?tã ôΜè?õ‹s{r&uρ óΟè?ö‘tø%r&u‬‬

‫‪،[٨١:‬‬ ‫‪] "∩∇⊇∪ t⎦⎪ωÎγ≈¤±9$# z⎯ÏiΒ Νä3yètΒ O$tΡr&uρ (#ρ߉pκô−$$sù‬ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬

‫ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﲔ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻤﻬﻢ ﺗﺒﻊ ﳍﻢ ﰲ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﲪﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻨﺪ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ،١٣٩٣٤‬ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺭﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﲔ ‪٢‬‬
‫‪٦٨١ /‬‬
 ‫‪٧٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ‪":‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪":‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺍﷲ ﻧﺒﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﹸﺃﺧﺬ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﻟﺌﻦ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺍﷲ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺣﻲ ﻟﻴﺆﻣﻨﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻨﺼﺮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﳌﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﺘﻪ ﻟﺌﻦ ﺑﻌﺚ ﳏﻤﺪ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﻟﻴﺆﻣﻨﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻟﻴﻨﺼﺮﻧﻪ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻧﺎﺻ ‪‬ﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﹶﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ‬
‫ﰲ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻧﺼﺮﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺆ‪‬ﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫‪šø‹s9Î) tΑÌ“Ρé& !$tΒ õÏk=t/ ãΑθß™§9$# $pκš‰r'¯≈tƒ":‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺼﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫‪šßϑÅÁ÷ètƒ ª!$#uρ 4 …çµtGs9$y™Í‘ |Møó¯=t/ $yϑsù ö≅yèøs? óΟ©9 βÎ)uρ ( y7Îi/¢‘ ⎯ÏΒ‬‬

‫‪] "∩∉∠∪ t⎦⎪ÍÏ≈s3ø9$# tΠöθs)ø9$# “ωöκu‰ Ÿω ©!$# ¨βÎ) 3 Ĩ$¨Ζ9$# z⎯ÏΒ‬ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪،[٦٧:‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺪ ﻋﺼﻤﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻘﺪﺭ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺎﻟﻪ ﲟﻜﺮﻭﻩ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ‪٥٠٢/١‬‬

 ‫‪٧٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﻓﺈﳕﺎ ﻳﺴﻌﻰ ﳋﲑ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺇﻥ ﺗﻘﺎﻋﺲ ﻓﻠﻦ ﻳﻀﺮ ﺇﻻ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻧﺼﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﰲ‬
‫ﺃﺣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺃﺻﻌﺐ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻫﺎﺟﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺔ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻄﺎﺭﺩﻩ ﲞﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺟﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺃﳒﺎﻩ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺩ‬
‫)‪çνt|ÁtΡ ô‰s)sù çνρãÝÁΖs? ωÎ‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﺒﲔ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪":‬‬
‫‪†Îû $yϑèδ øŒÎ) È⎦÷⎫oΨøO$# š†ÎΤ$rO (#ρãxŸ2 t⎦⎪Ï%©!$# çµy_t÷zr& øŒÎ) ª!$#‬‬

‫‪ª!$# tΑt“Ρr'sù ( $oΨyètΒ ©!$# χÎ) ÷βt“øtrB Ÿω ⎯ϵÎ7Ås≈|ÁÏ9 ãΑθà)tƒ øŒÎ) Í‘$tóø9$#‬‬

‫™‪sπyϑÎ=Ÿ2 Ÿ≅yèy_uρ $yδ÷ρts? öΝ©9 7ŠθãΨàfÎ/ …çνy‰−ƒr&uρ ϵø‹n=tã …çµtGt⊥‹Å6y‬‬

‫‪ª!$#uρ 3 $u‹ù=ãèø9$# š†Ïφ «!$# èπyϑÎ=Ÿ2uρ 3 4’n?ø¡9$# (#ρãxŸ2 š⎥⎪Ï%©!$#‬‬

‫" ]ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ‪.[٤٠:‬‬ ‫‪∩⊆⊃∪ íΟŠÅ3ym ͕tã‬‬

‫‪βÎ)uρ":‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺭﺳﻮﹶﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬

‫ﻛﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻧﻪ ﹶﻛﺎ ٍ‬
‫‪ü“Ï%©!$# uθèδ 4 ª!$# y7t7ó¡ym  χÎ*sù š‚θããy‰øƒs† βr& (#ÿρ߉ƒÌãƒ‬‬
 ‫‪٧٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺣﺴﺒﻚ‬ ‫&‪]"∩∉⊄∪ š⎥⎫ÏΖÏΒ÷σßϑø9$$Î/uρ ⎯ÍνÎóÇuΖÎ/ š‚y‰−ƒr‬ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ ‪[٦٢:‬‬

‫‪Ç⎯tΒuρ ª!$# šç7ó¡ym ©É<¨Ζ9$# $pκš‰r'¯≈tƒ":‬‬ ‫‪:‬ﻛﺎﻓﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬

‫" ]ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ ‪ ،[٦٤:‬ﺃﻱ ‪:‬ﺣﺴﺒﻚ‬ ‫‪∩∉⊆∪ š⎥⎫ÏΖÏΒ÷σßϑø9$# z⎯ÏΒ y7yèt7¨?$#‬‬

‫ﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺗﺒﻌﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺗﻘﺎﻋﺲ ﻋﻦ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬

‫‪‬ﻳﺰﺭﻱ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﱰﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻑ ﻗﺪ ﺣﺮﻡ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻟﻨﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﳑﻦ ﺳﺨﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺰﺃ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﻠﺤﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻌﺬﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ‪:‬ﳏﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﻣﻮﺍﻻﺗﻪ ﻭﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺳﻨﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺮﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻧﺎﺻﺮﺍ ﺣﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺼﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﳜﺎﻟﻒ ﺳﻨﺘﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺒﺘﺪﻉ ﰲ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻳﻮﺍﱄ ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺀﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺻﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﻳﻘﻒ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﰲ‬
‫‪‬ﻣِﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻮﺍﻻﺓ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺨﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ‪ ‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
 ٧٦  ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ‬

ô⎯tΒ šχρ–Š!#uθムÌÅzFψ$# ÏΘöθu‹ø9$#uρ «!$$Î/ šχθãΖÏΒ÷σム$YΒöθs% ߉ÅgrB ω":

÷ρr& öΝèδu™!$oΨö/r& ÷ρr& öΝèδu™!$t/#u™ (#þθçΡ%Ÿ2 öθs9uρ …ã&s!θß™u‘uρ ©!$# ¨Š!$ym

z⎯≈yϑƒM}$# ãΝÍκÍ5θè=è% ’Îû |=tFŸ2 y7Íׯ≈s9'ρé& 4 öΝåκsEuϱtã ÷ρ&r óΟßγtΡ≡uθ÷zÎ)

ã≈yγ÷ΡF{$# $pκÉJøtrB ⎯ÏΒ “ÌøgrB ;M≈¨Ζy_ óΟßγè=Åzô‰ãƒuρ ( çµ÷ΨÏiΒ 8yρãÎ/ Νèδy‰−ƒr&uρ

Ü>÷“Ïm y7Íׯ≈s9'ρé& 4 çµ÷Ψtã (#θàÊu‘uρ öΝåκ÷]tã ª!$# š_ÅÌu‘ 4 $yγ‹Ïù t⎦⎪Ï$Î#≈yz

[٢٢: ‫ﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬‫]ﺍ‬ " ∩⊄⊄∪ tβθßsÎ=øçRùQ$# ãΝèδ «!$# z>÷“Ïm ¨βÎ) Iωr& 4 «!$#
 ‫‪٧٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺮﻩ ﻭﺗﻮﻗﲑﻩ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺮ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﻨـﺼﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﻮﻗﲑ ‪:‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻈـﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﺟﻼﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜـﺮﱘ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑـﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫‪!$¯ΡÎ)":‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺿـﲔ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ‬
‫&‪⎯Ï&Î!θß™u‘uρ «!$$Î/ (#θãΖÏΒ÷σçGÏj9 ∩∇∪ #\ƒÉ‹tΡuρ #\Ïe±t6ãΒuρ #Y‰Îγ≈x© š≈oΨù=y™ö‘r‬‬

‫‪]" ∩®∪ ¸ξ‹Ï¹r&uρ Zοtò6ç/ çνθßsÎm7|¡è@uρ çνρãÏj%uθè?uρ çνρâ‘Ìh“yèè?uρ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ‪.[٩-٨:‬‬

‫ﻭﳏﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭﺗﻮﻗﲑﻩ ﺗﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺤﱠﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ‪:‬ﺇﱃ ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﴰﺎﺋﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺗﺪﻉ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﺼﻒ ﺍﻃﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﳏﺒﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻮﻗﲑﻩ ﻭﺗﻌﻈﻴﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻔﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻛﻢ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗـﻮﺍﳍﻢ ﰲ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ‪:‬ﺇﱃ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻭﺇﳚﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌـﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﳜﺘﺺ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺁﻣﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻳﻔﺪﻳﻪ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺄﺑﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺃﺣﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ‪،‬‬
 ‫‪٧٨‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪": ‬ﻻ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﺣﱴ ﺃﻛﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺃﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻩ ﻭﻭﻟﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﲨﻌﲔ")‪ ،(١‬ﺑﻞ ﻻ ﺑـﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺃﺣﺐ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺑـﲔ ﺟﻮﺍﳓـﻪ؛‬
‫ﻓﻴﺆﺛﺮ ﻣﺮﺿﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻄﻤﺢ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘـﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﻭﺳﻨﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺒﻮﺑﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﺭﻏﺒﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻫـﺸﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﻛﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺁﺧﺬ ﺑﻴـﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻤﺮ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻷﻧﺖ ﺃﺣـﺐ‬
‫ﺇﱄ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪: ‬ﻻ ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺣﱴ ﺃﻛﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺃﺣ ‪‬‬
‫‪:‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻷﻧﺖ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺇﱄ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫‪:‬ﺍﻵﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ")‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻣـﻦ ﳏﺒﺘـﻬﻢ ﻟﺮﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳﻌ ‪‬ﺮﺿﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﺎﻟﻚ ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ١٤‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٦٣‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﳝﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺬﻭﺭ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٦١٤٢‬‬
 ‫‪٧٩‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻭﳒﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﺃﻧﺲ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﳌﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍ‪‬ﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ﹶﻔ ٍﺔ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﻠﺤﺔ ﺭﺟﻼ ﺭﺍﻣﻴـﺎ‬ ‫ﺤ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﺑﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ِﺑ ‪‬‬‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ﻳﻜﺴﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ ﻗﻮﺳﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﳝـﺮ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒﺔﹸ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻞ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﺍﻧﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﻷﰊ ﻃﻠﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺷﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻃﻠﺤﺔ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ ﻧﱯ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺄﰊ ﺃﻧـﺖ‬
‫ﻚ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﳓـﺮﻱ ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻳﺼِﻴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬‫ﺸ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﻲ ﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﳓﺮﻙ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺑﻞ ﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺄﰉ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺠﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺘـﻞ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﻳﺸﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺑﺸﻮﻛﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﺛﻨـﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ‪-‬ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﰊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺳﺮﻩ ﻛﻔـﺎﺭ ﻗـﺮﻳﺶ‪-‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﺭﻫﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻟﻴﻘﺘﻠﻮﻩ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺑـﻦ‬
‫ﺸﺪﻙ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻳﺎ‬‫ﺣﺮﺏ‪" ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺣﲔ ﹸﻗ ‪‬ﺪﻡ ﻟ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺘﻞ ‪:‬ﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﺯﻱ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٣٥٢٧‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪٣٣٧٦‬‬
 ‫‪٨٠‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﲢﺐ ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ ﻧـﻀﺮﺏ ﻋﻨﻘـﻪ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻧﻚ ﰲ ﺃﻫﻠﻚ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﺍﻵﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﺼﻴﺒﻪ ﺷﻮﻛﺔ ﺗﺆﺫﻳﻪ ﻭﺃﱐ ﺟﺎﻟﺲ ﰲ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ ‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﺣﺪﺍ ﳛﺐ ﺃﺣـﺪﺍ ﻛﺤـﺐ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﳏﻤﺪ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ")‪ ،(١‬ﻭﺇﺯﺍﺀ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﳍﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳊﺐ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﻛﺒﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻓﺪﺍﺋﻪ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻠﻜﻮﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻗﲑ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﱂ ﻳﻜـﻦ‬
‫ﻳ ﹾﻘ ِﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﳝﻸ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﲑﺍ ﻟـﻪ ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻬﺎﺑـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻋـﻤﺮﻭ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺹ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪... ":‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ‬
‫ﱄ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ﱠﻞ ﰲ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻴﻨِﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣـﺎ‬‫ﺐﺇ ﱠ‬ ‫ﹶﺃﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻛﻨﺖ ﹸﺃﻃِﻴ ‪‬ﻖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻣﻸ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﺟﻼﻻ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﻮ ﺳـﺌﻠﺖ ﺃﻥ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺳﲑﺓ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ‪١٢٥/٣‬‬

 ‫‪٨١‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺃﺻﻔﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻃﻘﺖ؛ ﻷﱐ ﱂ ﺃﻛﻦ ﺃﻣﻸ ﻋﻴﲏ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺖﱡ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻟﺮﺟﻮﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻛﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ‪"..‬ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﻳﻄﻴﻖ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﳑﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﺩﱐ ﻧﻘﺺ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﺭﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺐ ﺭﺟﻼﻥ ‪:‬ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌـﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪":‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ‪:‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺻﻄﻔﻰ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ‪:‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺻﻄﻔﻰ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻳﺪﻩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻠﻄﻢ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺬﻫﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻓﺄﺧﱪﻩ ﲟﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﻭﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺪﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺄﺧﱪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﻌﻘﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣـﺔ‬
‫ﺨﻴ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﻧِﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪:‬ﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻌﻖ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﻓﺄﻛﻮﻥ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﻳﻔِﻴ ‪‬ﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﺑـﺎﻃﺶ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ ِﻌﻖ ﻓﺄﻓﺎﻕ ﻗﺒﻠـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺃﺩﺭﻱ ﺃﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﻦ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪١٧٣‬‬

 ‫‪٨٢‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﳑﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﲎ ﺍﷲ")‪ ،(١‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﳛﺘﻤﻞ ﺍﻟـﺼﺤﺎﰊ ﺍﳉﻠﻴـﻞ ﺃﻥ‬

‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻱ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗـﺼﺔ ﺗـﺒﲔ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻯ ﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺭﺿـﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺸﺘ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭﺗﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪":‬ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﻰ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻡ ﻭﻟﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻨﻬﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺮﻫ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺗﱰﺟﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺸﺘ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﻐ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻝ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺕ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﺗﻘﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻮﺿﻌﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻄﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺗﻜﺄ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﲔ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻃﻔﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻄﺨﺖ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﹸﺫﻛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪ ، ‬ﻓﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺸ‪‬ﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ ﺭﺟﻼ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌـﻞ ﱄ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﻖ ﺇﻻ ﻗﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﻰ ﻳﺘﺨﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻫﻮ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺰﹾﻟ ‪‬ﺰﻝﹸ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﻗﻌﺪ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪:‬ﻳـﺎ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ! ﺃﻧـﺎ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳋﺼﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٢٢٣٤‬ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‪٤٣٧٧‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻈﻤﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﻬﺎﺩﺗﻪ‬
‫ﻹﺧﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﻭﺇﻧﺼﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﺎ ﲪﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻬـﻮﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺷﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻟﻪ‬
 ‫‪٨٣‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻚ ﻭﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻚ ﻓﺄ‪‬ﺎﻫـﺎ ﻓـﻼ ﺗﻨﺘـﻬﻲ‬

‫ﻭﺃﺯﺟﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺗﱰﺟﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﱄ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺑﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﺆﻟﺆﺗﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﰊ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺣﺔ ﺟﻌﻠﺖ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻚ ﻭﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻴـﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﺧﺬﺕ ﺍﳌﻐﻮﻝ ﻓﻮﺿﻌﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻄﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺗﻜﺄﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﱴ ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪: ‬ﺃﻻ ﺍﺷﻬﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺩﻣﻬﺎ ﻫﺪﺭ ")‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻮﻋﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺆﺫﻱ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫‪] "∩∉⊇∪ ×Λ⎧Ï9r& ë>#x‹tã öΝçλm; «!$# tΑθß™u‘ tβρèŒ÷σムt⎦⎪Ï%©!$#uρ 4.:‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪،[٦١:‬‬
‫‪$u‹÷Ρ‘‰9$# ’Îû ª!$# ãΝåκs]yès9 …ã&s!θß™u‘uρ ©!$# šχρèŒ÷σムt⎦⎪Ï%©!$# ¨βÎ)":‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‬
‫‪ ،[٥٧‬ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫‪]"∩∈∠∪ $YΨ‹Îγ•Β $\/#x‹tã öΝçλm; £‰tãr&uρ ÍοtÅzFψ$#uρ‬ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﻋﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺆﺫﻱ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬

‫ﳚﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﱂ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﻬﲔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳚﻌﻞ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﰲ‬
‫ﺫﻝ ﻭﻣﻬﺎﻧﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ ‪ ٣٧٩٥‬ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ‬

 ‫‪٨٤‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺃﺣﺪ ﳑﻦ ﺁﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺄﺫﻳﺘﻪ ﺃﻭ‬

‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺻﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﺰﺍﺀ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﲨﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﺣﺪﺍ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺪ ﻭﳚﺐ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻣﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻋﻬـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺘﻘﺾ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻭﳚﺐ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﺎ ﱂ ﻧﻌﺎﻫﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺐ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﺹ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﺤﻨﻮﻥ ‪":‬ﺃﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺷﺎﰎ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻨﻘﺺ ﻟﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻋﻴﺪ ﺟـﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺷﻚ ﰲ ﻛﻔﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻭ ﻋﺬﺍﺑﻪ ﻛﻔﺮ")‪ (١‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ‪":‬ﻭﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴـﻪ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺏ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ ﹸﻔﺮ ﻭﻳﻘﺘﻞ ﺑﻐﲑ ﺧﻼﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺍﻷﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﳑﻦ ﺣﻜﻰ ﺍﻹﲨﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﺳﺤﺎﻕ ﺑﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻮﻳﻪ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻣﻴﺎ ﻓﺈﻧـﻪ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺘﻞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻭ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻴﺄﰐ ﺣﻜﺎﻳـﺔ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺫﻛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﰎ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪٩/١‬‬
 ‫‪٨٥‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻇﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻭﻓﻘﻬﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻧﺺ ﺃﲪﺪ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺣﻨﺒﻞ ‪:‬ﲰﻌﺖ ﺃﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ‪:‬ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﻘﺼـﻪ – ﻣﺴﻠﻤـﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﻓﺮﺍ‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺘﺎﺏ")‪ ،(١‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺳﺐ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻣﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﱂ ‪‬ﻳﻨﻜـﺮ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻘﻴﺘﻬﻢ ﺑﻞ ﺭﺿﻮﺍ ﺑﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺳﺎﻧﺪﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ‪:‬ﺇﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻘﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﺾ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻘـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻜﻴﺔ‪-‬ﰲ ﺣﻖ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻣﺔ‪-‬ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ‪":‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻇﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻮﻥ ﻭﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﻨـﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺍﻫﻴﺔ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﺧﺘﺺ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺾ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺭﺿﺎﻫﻢ ﺑـﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻀﺎ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻴﻌﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺇﻧﻜﺎﺭﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﺾ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ")‪ ،(٢‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻘـﺎﻝ‬
‫‪":‬ﻭ‪‬ﺬﺍ ﻣﻀﺖ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﻧﺎﻗﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺑـﲏ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻮﻝ ‪١٠/١‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻣﺔ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ‪١٣٧٥/٣‬‬
 ‫‪٨٦‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﻗﻴﻨﻘﺎﻉ ﻭﺑﲏ ﺍﻟﻨﻀﲑ ﻭﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ ﳌﺎ ﺣﺎﺭﺑﻮﻩ ﻭﻧﻘﻀﻮﺍ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﻋـ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﲝﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻀﲔ ﻟﻠﻌﻬﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺾ ﻗﺪ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻮﻥ ﻭﻛﺘﻤﻮﻩ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻄﻠﻌـﻮﻩ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺄﻫﻞ ﻣﻜﺔ ﳌﺎ ﻧﻘﺾ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻋﻬـﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻮﻥ ﻭﺳﻜﺘﻮﺍ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻄﻠﻌﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺮﻯ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﺰﺍﻫﻢ ﰲ ﻋﻘﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻫـﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﻫـﻮ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﳚﻮﺯ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻭﺑﺎﷲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ"‬
‫ﺖ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻭﺃﻟﻒ ﻻ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻞ ﻭﻓﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﻗﻄﺮﺓ ﰲ ﲝﺮ ﺣﻘﻪ ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻱ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻘﺪﺭﻩ ﺣﻖ ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﻭﺃﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻟﻠﻨـﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻫﺎﺩﻳﺎ ﻭﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺄﰊ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺃﻣﻲ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺣﺒﺒﻨﺎ ﻧﺒﻴﻚ ﻭﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﻧﺒﻴـﻚ ﻓﺎﻟﻠـﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺣﺸﺮﻧﺎ ﰲ ﺯﻣﺮ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻣﺔ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ‪١٢٣٥-١٢٣٤/٣‬‬

 ‫‪٨٧‬‬ ‫إﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﷲ ‪‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫‪٥‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻗﺒﻞ ﳎﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬‬
‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬
‫‪٢٤‬‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﰲ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫‪٣١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﰲ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﻪ ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫‪٣٥‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻟﺮﺑﻪ ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻟﻪ‬
‫‪٤٠‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺭﺑﺎﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫‪٤٤‬‬ ‫ﺭﲪﺘﻪ ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﻭﺣﺪﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻔﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻔﺢ ﻣﻦ ﴰﺎﺋﻠﻪ ‪‬‬
‫‪٥٥‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻌﻪ ﻭﺯﻫﺪﻩ ﻭﻛﺮﻣﻪ ‪‬‬
‫‪٦١‬‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﺑﻼﺅﻩ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪٦٥‬‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬‬
‫‪٧٠‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﻧﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫‪٧٧‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺮﻩ ﻭﺗﻮﻗﲑﻩ ‪‬‬