DIFFERENT

FIELDS OF
NURSING
BY: ANN GRETHEL R. TAN, RN
 The fields of Nursing may be classified according to
the following:
1. Institutional Nursing
2. Public Health Nursing or Community Health
Nursing
3. Private Duty
4. Industrial or Occupational Health Nursing
5. Nursing Education
6. Military Nursing
7. School Nursing
8. Clinic Nursing
9. Independent Nursing Practice
Nursing in hospitals and related health facilities such
as extended care facilities, nursing homes, and
neighborhood clinics, comprises all of the basic
components of comprehensive patient care and family
health. The concept of the modern hospital as a
community health center where in patient and out
patient are continuous describes the goal of medical
care in most general hospital
1. There is always a supervisor whom one can consult if problem
exist.
2. Nurses are updated with new trends in medicine and in the
nursing care of patients.
3. They undergo rotation to different units and have a chance to
determine their special area of choice before they are assigned
permanently in one area.
4. They have an eight hour day and forty-hour week duty which
provide for two days of rest away from duty.
5. They have a chance to be promoted if they are qualified.
6. Salary increases are given periodically according to merit
system
7. They are considered an important member of the health team
8. More staff development programs are available in the
hospital.
1. There is a great possibility of understaffing which
may require nurses to put in overtime work.
2. Because of the bulk of work, some nurses do not
find time to improve their skills through continuing
education programs.
3. Administrative problems and overwork may tend to
dissatisfy the staff nurse.
 The National Health Program of the Philippines
gives as much emphasis on the promotion of health
and prevention of diseases rather than care of the
sick. It needs a deeper involvement and close
supervision with all members of the health team
such as physicians, nurses, epidemiologist, dentists,
sanitary inspector, sanitary engineers, nutritionist,
health educators, social workers, community and
barangay leaders.
1. The focus of nursing care is on family and community
health rather than on an individual basis.
2. It gives the nurse a better perspective of the health
conditions of the community and the health programs
conceived by the government.
3. It maximizes efforts to improvise where there are no
sufficient facilities, supplies and equipment.
4. It enables the nurse to utilize various community
resources and maximize coordination with other
members of the health team.
5. Focus of care is more on educational and preventive
aspects.
6. Individuals, families and communities are motivated to
assume responsibility for their own health care.
1. Cases found in public health nursing are limited mostly
to chronic and communicable diseases.
2. There are more hazards in public health than in hospital
nursing.
3. There are no fixed hours of work.
4. Some claim that it is not as exciting nor as glamorous as
hospital work.
5. Facilities for care of the sick are limited so that practice
are also limited.
6. The PHN may not be immediately aware of changes or
trends in the field of nursing.
7. It is not a place for introverts.
8. There is no immediate supervisor to consult in case of
emergency.
Nurses in private practice are expected to be expert
clinicians as well as expert generalist in nursing. They
use the title Private Duty Nurse, Private Nurse
Practitioner, Special Duty Nurse or Private Duty
Nurse Specialist.
A registered nurse who undertakes to give
comprehensive nursing care to a client on a one on
one ratio.
1. General Private Duty Nurse- providing basic nursing
care to any type of patient.

2. Private Duty Nurse Specialist- skills in complicated

devices, interpreting, observing signs and
symptoms.
1. Chance to see life as it really is, to study human
nature and to know close range interesting people of
different nationalities.
2. The opportunity to make real friends
3. Chance to travel and see the world
4. The ability to own time, adjust work and private life,
direct off duty.
5. The chance to keep abreast with the new
knowledge and procedures.
6. The challenges of giving his best in providing care .
1. Some patients become totally dependent on the
nurse.
2. Many private duty nurses graduated so long ago and
have not upgraded their knowledge and skills.
3. There are not enough nurses for evening and night
shift, holiday, week-ends.
4. Little assistance is given by the Head Nurse when
the patient is critically ill.
5. There are no retirement, insurance and medicare
benefits unless he provide these for himself.
 Few nurses go into occupational health nursing. This
is because they often work alone, and must
therefore possess maturity, experience, and wise
judgment.
 Occupational health nursing is the specialty practice
that provides and delivers health care services of
workers. The practice focuses on promotion,
protection, and supervision of workers health within
the context of a safe and healthy environment.
 Qualifications of the Faculty:
1. Be a registered nurse in the Philippines
2. Have at least one year of clinical practice in a field of
specialization
3. Be a member of good standing in the accredited
professional organization of nurses
4. Be a holder of masters degree in nursing, education
 Three broad areas:
1. To meet the nursing needs of today’s patient in AFP
medical facilities
2. To prepare each Nurse Corps Officer for future
assignments at a higher level of responsibility in the
different stations and general hospital in time of
peace and war
3. To teach and train enlisted personnel who perform
nursing functions under supervision.
1. Have a BSN from duly recognized university/college
2. Be licensed to practice nursing
3. Be a natural born Filipino citizen
4. Be single or has never been married
5. Be mentally and physically fit and cleared by appropriate
security agencies
6. Have a pleasing personality and good moral character
7. Be skillful in applying nursing process, communicating
with others, making sound/ rational judgment
8. Be interested and willing to work in both peaceful and
wartime conditions
9. Height requirements: for Males: minimum of 62 in.
for Females: minimum of 60 in.
School health nurses often work alone, out of touch
with other nurse, the hospital and all professional
supports they have known. They are responsible for
the school activities in the areas of health service,
health education and environmental health and
safety.
1. Organizing and implementing the school health
program
2. Coordinating school health programs
3. Undertaking functions directly related to pupils
health
4. Evaluating school health program
5. Carrying out functions related to the health of
school personnel
School nursing affords one the opportunity to watch
children advance from grade to grade in school
health.
Hours are usually good and there is no shift duty.
Many school nurses do not update themselves on the
current issues in nursing making them unaware of
changes in the nursing practice.
Clinic nursing requires that a nurse possess general
skills. Usually a doctor has been in general practice
for a number of years. It is with him that the nurse
acts as a receptionist, answers phone, does the billing,
takes x-rays, and ECG, change dressing, give injection
and assist in physical examination. Teaching patients
and their families has become an important function
of the clinic nurse.
Nurses in this field must have excellent teaching
and communication skills, exhibit organizational
and leadership ability, possess good assessment
skills, and have good insight in order to anticipate
and interpret the needs of their patient.
1. Favorable working hours.
2. Efficient clinic nurses are trusted in their judgment
and share in planning the care of the patient.
As the term implies, “independent” means the nurse
is self employed and provides professional nursing
services to the clients and their families. While some
independent nursing practitioners set up their clinics
near a hospital, most of them are community based.
The nurses reach out and offer their services rather
than expect clients to seek their help.
 Make a self –evaluation
 They need to consider their capacities, interests,
qualifications and goals
 Kind of work to be performed
 Availability of the work
 Hours of works
 Qualifications
 Opportunities for advancement
 Method of entering
 Make an appointment either by mail or telephone
 Be at place at the appointment
 Know something about the institution where you will
apply so that you can answer questions intelligently
 Be at your best
 Know before you enter
 Bring credentials such as your registration card,
residence certificate, tax account number and the
like.
 Ask question about the job
 Thank the interviewer for giving some of his or her
time
 Give yourself time to think about the position
 If the prospective employer does not answer, you
may write a follow up letter stating your interest in
the position