PATHOPHYSILOGY OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

*  Present in the patient

Predisposing Factors Precipitating Factors

* Genetics * Environmental factors (change in temperature)
*Race * Atmospheric pollutants (perfume, smoke, etc.)
* Age (3-8 years old) * allergens (pets)
* Gender exercise, stress on emotional upset, chemicals,
medications

1 gE stimulations

mast cell degranultation

asthma attack

altered immunologic response increased airway resistance
-lungs become
chemical mediators are released
mucus inflammation bronchospasm
secretion
* audible expiratory and inspiratory
histamine SRS-A lenkotrimes - accessory muscle breathing
Prostaglandins Bradykinins - nasal flaring
* tachypnea
SPASM - tachycardia
increased lung compliance impaired mucocilary function
hyperinflated increase mucus production
slowed clearance of mucus
increase water loss from mucus
mucus becomes increasingly viscous
altered O2-CO2 exchange
increase airway resistance
respiratory muscles works
harder
muscle fatigue and
exhaustion

*whezzing respiratory alkalosis

* paroxysmal deppnea
* --------/production cough
 without medical intervention with medical interventions

individual compensates without O2 therapy

increased RR
medications: inhaled steroid, beta2
respiratory alkalosis adrenergic agents *bronchodilators
(salbutamol)
mild ---------- hypoxemia
opens the airway
severe ----------- hypoventilation
deep breathing and coughing exercise
respiratory audoris
coughing up thick tenacious spultum
severe hypoxemia
adequate rest
death
H teachings
BAD PROGNOSIS - increase fluid intake
- elevate HOB
- limit exposure to allergens
- minimize stenous activities

GOOD PROGNOSIS