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The moisture content of aggregate is of importance e.g. when Determination of Sand Equivalent
batching concrete or when compacting unbound materials to
achieve a specified density. Accurate means of determining Value
moisture content are specified in various standards and include ASTM D2419; AASHTO T176; EN 933-8
methods suitable for use in the laboratory or on the
construction site. Individual items of equipment necessary for The test is used to determine the relative proportions of clay-like
determining moisture content are described in the Soils Section or plastic fines and dusts in aggregate used for construction
and the Laboratory Equipment Section of the catalogue. purposes.
Flaky Thickness is
small relative to other
two dimensions
Elongated
Length is larger relative
to other two dimensions
Divide into quarters Discard two
opposite quarters Texture
Glassy Rough
Conchoidal fracture Rough fracture, no easily
Smooth visible crystalline grains
Water worn or Crystalline
smooth due to fracture Easily visible grains
Continue process until a Granular
sample of the required size Uniform rounded Honeycombed
Remix remainder and is obtained Visible pores and cavities
grains
quarter again
120
Aggregates
Determination of flakiness and elongation 42
Determination of Flakiness and
Elongation
Aggregates which are flaky and/or elongated will often lower
the workability of a concrete mix and may also affect long
term durability. In bituminous mixtures flaky aggregate
makes for a harsh mix and may also crack and break up
during compaction by rolling.
Ordering Information
EL42-0410
Flakiness Gauge constructed of heavy gauge sheet steel to the
dimensions specified in BS 812. Weight 60 g
Model number Slot dimensions Passing size Retained size Elongation Index
width length
BS 812
EL42-0670 4.9 mm 30 mm 10.0 mm 6.3 mm
EL42-0680 7.2 mm 40 mm 14.0 mm 10.0 mm This method classifies aggregate elongation by measuring the length
of individual particles.The test is not applicable to material retained
El42-0700 10.2 mm 50 mm 20.0 mm 14.0 mm
on a 63.0 mm BS test sieve.
EL42-0710 14.4 mm 60 mm 28.0 mm 20.0 mm
EL42-0720 19.7 mm 80 mm 37.5 mm 28.0 mm Ordering Information
EL42-0730 26.3 mm 90 mm 50.0 mm 37.5 mm EL42-0820
EL42-0740 33.9 mm 100 mm 63.0 mm 50.0 mm Length Gauge manufactured to the dimensions specified in
BS 812. Weight 700 g
121
42 Aggregates
Density, voids and bulking
Ordering Information
EL42-1000/01 Buoyancy Balance with Accessory EL42-1700
Sand Absorption Cone made of brass to the dimensions given
Buoyancy Balance 6000 g in BS 812, ASTM C128 and AASHTO T84. Weight 250 g
122
Aggregates
Soundness and chemical tests 42
Shrinkage of Aggregate
Soundness and Chemical Tests BS812-120, EN 1367-4
The presence of organic matter and certain chemicals can The volume of an aggregate which is susceptible to drying
have a considerable influence on the strength and durability shrinkage may change by as much as four times when moving from
of concrete.The ability of aggregates to resist excessive the wet to dry state.The test method described uses prisms of
change in volume (soundness) due to physical changes in the known dimensions made from aggregate up to a maximum size of
environment is also of importance. Knowledge of these 20 mm.
potentially harmful factors will ensure that precautions can
be taken at the mix design stage of a project. Ordering Information
EL42-2970
Chloride Content: Rapid method Three gang Prism Mould for specimens 50 x 50 x 200 mm.
Quantab chloride titrators can be used for estimating the chloride Weight 8 kg
content of aqueous solutions.They are suitable for site testing and Steel Inserts see EL34-8541
quality control of aggregates requiring less than 30 minutes to Measuring Apparatus see EL34-8500
obtain a result. Standard Length Rod see EL34-8509
Ordering Information EL42-2970 Three-gang Prism Mould with Accessories
EL42-2950
Quantab Chloride Titrator Strips.Type 1175 titration range
0.005% to 0.1% (30 to 600 ppm) NaCl. Pack of 50. Weight 10 g
EL42-2952
Quantab Chloride Titrator Strips.Type 1176 titration range
0.05% to 1% (300 to 6000 ppm) NaCl. Pack of 40. Weight 10 g
123
42 Aggregates
Mechanical properties
Mechanical Properties
Ordering Information
ACV Apparatus with Metal Measures and Tamping Rods
EL42-4000
Aggregate Impact Value Apparatus Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV)
Weight 52 kg and Ten Percent Fines Value (TFV)
BS 812-110, 111
EL42-4000 AIV Apparatus
These tests are a measure of the crushing properties of aggregate
and use the same basic equipment.The ACV test requires a
standard load of 400 kN to be applied over a period of 10 minutes
while the TFV test measures the force required to produce a
specified depth of plunger penetration.
EL42-4360
Metal Measure 115 mm diameter x 180 mm deep.
Weight 870 g
Ordering Information
EL42-4500
Aggregate Crushing Value Apparatus comprising 75 mm
nominal diameter steel cylinder, plunger and base plate.
Weight 3.5 kg
EL42-4560
Metal Measure 57 mm diameter x 90 mm deep.
EL42-4580
Tamping Rod 8 mm diameter x 300 mm long with rounded end.
Weight 350 g
124
Aggregates
Mechanical properties 42
Los Angeles Abrasion Machine Ordering Information
ASTM C131, C535; EN 1097-2
EL42-5305/01
Los Angeles Abrasion Machine as specified
■ European and ASTM methods For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph
■ Revolution counter
■ Safety cut-out EL42-5310/01
Los Angeles Abrasion Machine with CE Safety Cabinet
■ Full width cover fitted with microswitches. Less charges.
For 220 – 240 V AC, 50 Hz, 1 ph
The Los Angeles Machine comprises a heavy steel cylinder, rotated
about its horizontal axis.
Accessories
The cylinder incorporates a removable internal shelf.Two EL42-5300/10 Set of Abrasive Charges (ASTM)
alternative shelf positions are provided, one for ASTM and one for EL42-5305/10 Set of Abrasive Charges (EN)
the EN test method.
EL42-5310/01 Los Angeles Abrasion Machine with CE safety cabinet EL42-5305/01 Los Angeles Abrasion Machine
125
42 Aggregates
Mechanical properties
Micro-Deval Apparatus
EN 1097-1
Ordering Information
EL42-5205/01
Micro-Deval Apparatus complete with 4 stainless steel drums,
20.0 kg of 10 mm diameter steel ball charges (5 kg required for
test). EL42-5210/01 Micro-Deval Apparatus
Dimensions 450 x 1000 x 950 mm (l x w x h).
Weight 150 kg.
For 220 – 240 V, 50 Hz, 1 ph.
EL42-5210/01
Micro-Deval Apparatus complete with safety cover, 4 stainless
steel drums, 20.0kg of 10 mm diameter steel ball charges (5 kg
required for test).
Dimensions 650 x 1150 x 1150 mm (l x w x h).
Weight 180 kg.
For 220 – 240 V, 50 Hz, 1 ph.
Accessories
EL42-5200/11 Steel Charges 10 mm diameter for
Micro-Deval Apparatus (20.2 kg pack)
EL42-5200/10 Stainless Steel Drum
200 mm diameter x 154 mm long for
Micro-Deval Apparatus. Supplied without
steel charges.
Weight 25 kg
126
Aggregates
Mechanical properties 42
Polished Stone Value (PSV)
BS 812-114; EN 1097-8
Ordering Information
EL42-5505/01
Accelerated Polishing Machine complete with 4 moulds and
4 mould plates. Weight 220 kg
For 220 – 240 V, 50 Hz, 1 ph
Specification
Dimensions (l x w x h) 550 x 630 x 1600 mm (bottle fitted)
Rated power 400 W
Road wheel 315 to 325 rpm
EL42-5505 Accelerated Polishing Machine
Applied load on specimens 715 to 735 N
Feed rates Corn emery: 20 to 34 g/min Road Wheel and samples
Water: 20 to 34 ml/min
Flour emery: 2 to 4 g/min
Water: 5 to 8 ml/min
Accessories
EL42-5520 Corn Emery ungraded, 3 kg pack.
EL42-5525 Flour Emery ungraded, 3 kg pack.
Spares
Model number Description
EL42-5505/12 Tyred Wheel Assembly, dark
EL42-5505/20 Tyred Wheel Assembly, light
EL42-5505/21 Mould Plate
EL42-5505/22 Specimen Mould
127
42 Aggregates
Mechanical properties
Friction Tester
BS 812-114, 8204, 6677-1, 6717, 7263-1, 3, 7932, 7976; EN
1097-8, 1341, 1342, 1338, 1344, 13036-4, 14231; DD ENV
12633, ASTM E303
Ordering Information
EL42-6000
Friction Tester. Weight 31 kg
Accessories
EL42-6200 Baseplate with specimen mounting block
for use with machine in a laboratory. Weight
8 kg
Spares
EL42-6221 Replacement Mounted Rubber
Slider for laboratory use. Weight 20 g
EL42-6222 Replacement Mounted Rubber
Slider for road version of machine.
Weight 35 g
Friction Tester in carrying case
128