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ABSTRACT

Nowadays maintenance-free lead-acid batteries are common in vehicles, inverters, and


UPS systems. If the battery is left in a poor state of charge, its useful life is shortened. It
also reduces the capacity and rechargability of the battery. For older types of batteries, a
hygrometer can be used to check the specific gravity of the acid, which, in turn, indicates
the charge condition of the battery. However, a hygrometer cannot be used for sealed
type maintenance-free batteries. The only way to know their charge level is by checking
their terminal voltage.

Automatic Battery Charger is a simple project that enables the user to charge up the
battery upto the maximum voltage.
The circuit comprises of an Operational amplifier, Zener diode, Relay and the power
supply section.

This charger will charge any 12V lead acid battery including flooded, gel and AGM. It is
fully automatic and will charge at a rate up to about 4A until the battery voltage reaches a
preset point at which it will switch to a very low current float charge. If the battery
voltage drops again the charger will begin charging until the voltage once again reaches
the cut off point. In this way it can be left connected to a battery indefinitely to maintain
full charge without causing damage.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:
A.C
SUPPLY RELAY BRIDGE
TRANSFORMER
SECTION RECTIFIER

ZENER OP AMP
DIODE SWITCH

BATTERY

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