PANITIA SAINS SKMJ] October 5, 2010

TIPS ANSWERING SCIENCE QUESTION (SECTION B) USING SCIENCE PROCESS SKILL

TEKNIK MENJAWAB SOALAN SAINS (BAHAGIAN B) MENGGUNAKAN KEMAHIRAN PROSES
SAINS

 aim/ to find out/ purpose

tujuan/ tajuk
keyword;
To investigate the relationship between the(wtc) and the (wto)
Untuk mengkaji hubungan antara (pm) dengan (pb)

Example; WTC WTO

To investigate the relationship between the water temperature and the time taken for ice to melt.

PM PB
Untuk mengkaji hubungan antara suhu air dengan masa yang diambil oleh ais untuk melebur

 Observation
Pemerhatian
Explanation;
-State about an object or phenomenon happens. Observation using sense of sight, hearing, smell,
taste and touch.
-If observation is made on more than one object or situation, we need to make comparison.
-Nyatakan benda atau kejadian yang dilihat. Pemerhatian menggunakan deria penglihatan,
pendengaran, bau, rasa dan sentuhan.
-Jika pemerhatian lebih dari satu benda atau kejadian, perlu buat perbandingan
Example;
Fish A is big, (single observation)
Fish A is bigger than fish B (comparison observation)

 Inference
Inferens
Explanation;
-Making early conclusion to explain event or object using experiences. Inference might be true or
false
-Start from observation, then followed by suitable reason after word ‘because’
-Membuat kesimpulan awal tentang peristiwa atau benda menggunakan mengalaman lepas. Inferens
boleh jadi benar atau tidak.
-Mulakan dengan pemerhatian diikuti dengan alasan yang munasabah selepas perkataan ‘kerana’
Keyword;
(observation) because (inference)
(pemerhatian) kerana (inferens)
Example;
-Fish A is big because got enough food (single inference)
-Fish A is bigger than fish B because fish A got many food than fish B (comparison infrerence)
@ Fish A got more food

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 PANITIA SAINS SKMJ] October 5, 2010

 Hypothesis/ conclution/ found out/ relationship between

Hipotesis/ kesimpulan/ dapatan / hubungan antara
Explanation;
-Hypothesis are general statements about object or events based on explainable observation.
-Hypothesis are built based on inferences made on certain investigation or fair test.
-Hypothesis are relationship between two variable. (wtc and wto)
-hipotesis ialah penyataan umum tentang sesuatu benda @kejadian berdasarkan pemerhatian yang
diterangkan.
-Hipotesis dibina berdasarkan inferens dalam dalam sesuatu penyiasatan.
-Hipotesis adalah hubungan antara dua pembolehubah (pm dan pb)
Keyword;
As the (wtc) (trend/ patern) then the (wto) (trend/ patern)
Jika (pm) (pola) maka (pb) (pola)

*Gunakan kata kunci yang sama bagi menjawab hipotesis, kesimpulan, dapatan dan hubungan
antara. Bagi soalan kesimpulan, tukar ‘jika’ kepada ‘apabila’

 Types of variable
Jenis2 pembolehubah

Explanation;
*There is 3 types of variable,
-What To Change (wtc) /manipulated variable
Yang diubah ( pm)
-What to observe (wto) /responding variable
Yang diperhatikan (pb)
-What to kept the same /fix variable
Yang dipastikan sama (puma)

*Every variable must have parameter

*Setiap pembolehubah mesti mempunyai parameter

example: parameter

variable
type of animal

*How to detect variable in a table

WTC WTO WTC

WTO

*Detect variable in a graft

wto

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 PANITIA SAINS SKMJ] October 5, 2010

Wtc

 Prediction
Ramalan
Explanation;
-Making a forecast about what will happen in the future based on observation, prior knowledge
gained through experiences or collected data that is acceptable true.
-Membuat anggaran tentang kejadian masa depan berdasarkan pemerhatiaan, pengalaman sedia
ada atau maklumat terkumpul yang boleh diterima.
Example;
1.

Heating 0 6 12 18 24
time
Length of 6 9 13 18 24
wire
Predict the length of the wire if it is heated for 30 minute.
Answer; 31cm

2. Ramalkan apa yang akan terjadi kepada hidupan jika bumi tidak menerima cahaya matahari?
Jawapan; akan mati

 Trend/ patern
Pola/ corak
Keyword;
Increase/ decrease/ remains the same
Menaik/ menurun/ kekal sama
Example;

1. 2,4,6,6,4,2

Answer,

Increase, remain the same, decrease

2.

Answer,
increase