Environment impact assessment

By
Farid khan
Dept. of Chemical Engg
CVSR college of Engg.
• An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is
an assessment of the possible impact —
positive or negative — that a proposed project
may have on the environment;
consideringNatural,Social and Economic
aspects.
• The purpose of the assessment is to ensure
that decision makers consider the ensuing
environmental impacts to decide whether to
proceed with the project.
 Grouping of environmental
impacts
• Beneficial/detrimental
• Reversible/irreversible
• Repairable/irreparable
• Short term/long term
• Temporary/continuous
• Occurring during constructional/operational
phase.
• Direct/indirect
• Single/cumulative.
 Classification of impacts
• Direct effects-it is caused by actions & occur at
same time & place.
• Indirect effects-it is caused by actions & occur
later in time.
• Cumulative impact-incremental impact of
action when added to past , present &
foreseeable future actions.
• Induced impacts-this has no direct
relationship with the project but becomes
necessary after the project & reflects
development.
• Examples:
• New roads laid for the proposed project
• Recreational places for the project.
 Baseline data acquisition
• Environmental inventory : it is a complete
description of the environment as it exists.
• Inventory is prepared from checklist
• Physical-chemical environment:soil,geology,
Topography,surface,ground water,water
quality,air quality,climatology.
Biological environment : flora, fauna
Trees,birds,animals.
Threatened/endangered species
• Socio-economic environment:population
trends,population distribution,
 Environmental impact statement
(EIS)
• It is a written statement which ensures that
policies & goals of EPA are incorporated in
programs & actions of central govt.
 Types of EIS
• 1)Draft EIS-it is prepared by lead agency
proposing a project and it must disclose of
environmental impacts of the proposed project.
• 2)Final EIS- it is the modified draft EIS in which
discussions & objections raised by reviewers are
included.
• 3)Supplemental EIS-lead agencies prepares
supplement to either draft/final EIS by making
changes in proposed actions that are relevant to
environmental concern.
 Environmental management plan
(EMP)
• Mitigation measures considered while entire
life cycle of the project to minimize its adverse
impact on environment.