REVIEW FOR MP 1 LABORATORY PRACTICAL EXAM

1) Identify the epithelium.

A) pseudostratified columnar
B) simple columnar
C) simple cuboidal
D) stratified squamous
E) simple squamous

2) This tissue is ________.

A) attached to the skeleton
B) found in the heart
C) found in the walls of blood vessels.
3) Which structure is highlighted?
A) skeletal muscle fiber
B) sarcomere
C) nucleus
D) cardiac muscle fiber
E) smooth muscle fiber

4) Which structure is highlighted?

A) cell
B) nucleus
C) fiber in cross section
D) intercalated disc
E) sarcomere
5) The highlighted sarcomere is in ________ muscle.
A) smooth B) skeletal C) cardiac

6) Which structure is highlighted?

A) cardiac muscle fiber
B) sarcomere
C) nucleus
D) intercalated disc
E) A band
7) Which structure is highlighted?
A) cell
B) intercalated disc
C) fiber
D) nucleus
E) sarcomere

8) Which structure is highlighted?

A) skeletal fiber B) nucleus C) smooth fiber D) cardiac fiber E) sarcomere
 9) This tissue is ________ muscle.
A) skeletal B) smooth C) cardiac

10) Which muscle cell is highlighted?

A) smooth B) cardiac C) skeletal
11) Which structure is highlighted?
A) intercalated disc
B) sarcomere
C) neuromuscular junction
D) nucleus
E) smooth muscle cell in cross section

12) Identify the epithelium.

A) simple columnar
B) simple cuboidal
C) stratified squamous
D) pseudostratified columnar
E) simple squamous
13) Identify the epithelium.
A) stratified squamous
B) simple cuboidal
C) pseudostratified columnar
D) simple squamous
E) simple columnar

14) Identify the epithelium.

A) simple cuboidal
B) simple columnar
C) pseudostratified columnar
D) simple squamous
E) stratified squamous
15) Identify the epithelium.
A) stratified squamous, keratinized
B) simple columnar
C) simple cuboidal
D) stratified squamous, non-keratinized
E) pseudostratified columnar

16) Identify the epithelium.

A) stratified squamous
B) simple squamous
C) simple columnar
D) pseudostratified columnar
E) simple cuboidal
17) Identify the epithelium.
A) stratified squamous, keratinized
B) stratified cuboidal
C) simple columnar
D) stratified squamous, non-keratinized
E) pseudostratified columnar

18) Identify the epithelium.

A) stratified cuboidal
B) simple columnar
C) pseudostratified columnar
D) stratified squamous, non-keratinized
E) transitional
19) This epithelium is found only in ________.
A) urinary bladder
B) stomach
C) thick skin
D) oral cavity
E) thin skin

20) Which cell type is highlighted?

A) macrophage
B) simple columnar
C) mast
D) simple squamous
E) goblet
21) Which structures are highlighted?
A) microvilli
B) basement membrane
C) cilia
D) nuclei
E) goblet cells

22) Where is this epithelial type located?

A) anus B) thin skin C) thick skin D) esophagus E) vagina
23) Where is this epithelial type located?
A) trachea
B) esophagus
C) urinary bladder
D) oral cavity
E) thick skin

24) Identify the epithelium.

A) simple squamous
B) transitional
C) stratified squamous, non-keratinized
D) stratified cuboidal
E) simple columnar
25) Which structures are highlighted?
A) lamina propria
B) cilia
C) submucosa
D) microvilli
E) villi

26) What is a unique characteristic of this blood cell type?

A) only blood cell to travel through blood vessels
B) round-shaped
C) multinucleated
D) lack all organelles
E) secrete antibodies
27) Identify the connective tissue type.
A) adipose
B) dense irregular
C) reticular
D) areolar
E) dense regular

28) Which structures are highlighted?

A) collagen fibers
B) reticular fibers
C) macrophages
D) fibroblasts
E) elastic fibers
29) Identify the connective tissue type.
A) areolar
B) dense regular
C) adipose
D) dense irregular
E) elastic

30) Which structure is highlighted?

A) fibroblast B) elastic fiber C) reticular fiber D) collagen fiber E) adipocyte
31) This tissue ________.
A) resists pulling forces
B) is part of the integument
C) is found in tendons
D) serves as an energy reserve
E) provides a supporting framework

32) These cells release histamine during inflammation to cause ________.

A) hypertrophy
B) leaky capillaries
C) hyperplasia
D) vasoconstriction
E) phagocytosis
33) Identify the tissue type.
A) fibrocartilage
B) compact bone
C) spongy bone
D) elastic cartilage
E) regular connective tissue

34) Which structures are highlighted?

A) lacunae
B) osteons
C) central canals
D) lamellae
E) canaliculi
35) The functional unit of compact bone is the ________.
A) lamella B) osteon C) trabecula D) osteocyte E) canaliculus

36) Which structures are highlighted?

A) adipocytes
B) lamellae
C) canaliculi
D) central canals
E) lacunae
37) Which structure is highlighted?
A) nucleus B) neuroglia C) axon D) cell body E) dendrite

38) Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories?
A) muscle tissue
B) neural tissue
C) osseous tissue
D) connective tissue
E) epithelial tissue

39) Which of the following is the primary tissue type that contracts?
A) epithelial tissue
B) germinative tissue
C) connective tissue
D) muscle tissue
E) neural tissue

40) Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is in bone?
A) live cells B) lacunae C) blood vessels D) organic fibers

41) The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength to absorb shock is because they
possess ________.
A) hydroxyapatite crystals B) collagen fibers
C) reticular fibers D) elastic fibers

42) What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?
A) cartilage tissue B) fibrocartilaginous tissue
C) osseous tissue D) areolar tissue

43) How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic or fibrocartilage?

A) It is more vascularized. B) It contains more nuclei.
C) Fibers are not normally visible. D) It has more elastic fibers.

44) Epithelial tissue ________.

A) is highly vascularized B) has a basement membrane
C) is usually acellular D) contains a number of neuron types

45) What feature characterizes simple columnar epithelium of the digestive tract?
A) dense microvilli B) a rich vascular supply
 C) fibroblasts D) cilia

46) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium ________.

A) lines the respiratory tract B) aids in digestion
C) possesses no goblet cells D) is not an epithelial classification

47) Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes?
A) simple transitional B) simple columnar C) simple squamous D) simple cuboidal

48) Cell types likely to be seen in areolar connective tissue include all except ________.
A) chondrocytes B) fibroblasts C) macrophages D) mast cells

49) The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ________.
A) elastic B) collagen C) reticular D) muscle

50) Organized groups of cells (plus their intercellular substances) that have a common purpose form a(n) ________.
A) organ B) tissue C) organism D) organ system

51) The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________.

A) adipose tissue B) elastic cartilage C) hyaline cartilage D) fibrocartilage

52) Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which tissue?
A) simple squamous B) transitional
C) simple columnar D) stratified squamous

53) Which of the following is true about epithelia?

A) Simple epithelia are commonly found in areas of high abrasion.
B) Stratified epithelia are associated with filtration.
C) Endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs.
D) Pseudostratified epithelia are commonly keratinized.

54) ________ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement
membrane.
A) Stratified cuboidal B) Stratified columnar
C) Transitional D) Pseudostratified columnar

55) A multilayered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as ________.
A) simple cuboidal B) simple squamous
C) transitional D) stratified squamous

56) An epithelial membrane ________.

A) usually involves transitional epithelium
B) is formed of epithelium and smooth muscle
C) contains simple or stratified epithelia and a basement membrane
D) never contains mucus-forming cells

57) Which of these is not considered connective tissue?

A) cartilage B) adipose C) muscle D) blood

58) Which is true concerning muscle tissue?

A) highly cellular and well vascularized B) cuboidal shape enhances function
C) contains contractile units made of collagen D) is a single-celled tissue

59) Which of the following statements is true of connective tissue?

A) Elastin fibers are sometimes called white fibers.
B) When connective tissue is stretched, collagen gives it the ability to snap back.
C) Collagen fibers provide high tensile strength.
D) Reticular fibers form thick, ropelike structures.

60) Select the correct statement regarding epithelia.

 A) Simple epithelia form impermeable barriers.
B) Stratified epithelia are tall, narrow cells.
C) Stratified epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important.
D) Pseudostratified epithelia consist of at least two layers of cells stacked on top of one another.

61) Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue.

A) It is composed mostly of extracellular matrix.
B) Its primary function is nutrient storage.
C) Mature adipose cells are highly mitotic.
D) Most of the cell volume is occupied by the nucleus.

62) Which cells are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells?
A) goblet cells B) mast cells C) macrophages D) cilia

63) Muscle cells

A) are underneath every exposed surface of the body.
B) contract.
C) line internal cavities and passageways.
D) transmit electrical signals.
E) have all of the above attributes.

64) Which of the following exclusively describes stratified epithelia?

A) They consist of a single cell layer.
B) They always have a free surface exposed to some inner chamber or passageway.
C) They are avascular.
D) They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical and chemical stress.
E) No exceptions; all of the above are characteristic of epithelial cells.

65) Which of the following is a function of connective tissues?

A) They provide nutrition for underlying tissues.
B) They are completely impermeable, and therefore prevent water loss.
C) They have few if any nerve endings, and therefore respond little to sensory input.
D) They store wastes.
E) They support, surround, and interconnect other tissue types.

66) The presence of large numbers of microvilli on the exposed surfaces of epithelial cells indicates that
A) this is the area where absorption and secretion take place.
B) these cells are transportation specialists.
C) these cells are probably located along portions of the digestive and urinary tracts.
D) all of the above are true.
E) A and B only are true.

67) Which type of epithelium is present where mechanical stresses are severe?
A) stratified squamous epithelium
B) columnar epithelium
C) cuboidal epithelium
D) endothelium
E) simple epithelium

68) Epithelial cells usually have

A) a basement membrane.
B) unevenly distributed organelles.
C) apical and basolateral plasmalemmas with different associated proteins and functions.
D) a basolateral plasmalemma that is the same as its counterpart on the apical surface.
E) all of the above.

69) What type of epithelium lines protected regions where rapid absorption occurs, such as the lung alveoli?
A) transitional
B) stratified cuboidal
C) simple columnar
 D) simple squamous
E) pseudostratified columnar

70) Epithelial tissue includes which of the following?

A) bone.
B) fat.
C) surface of skin.
D) cartilage.
E) all of the above.

71) Functions of connective tissue include

A) establishing a structural framework for the body.
B) transporting fluid and dissolved materials from one body region to another.
C) protecting delicate organs.
D) supporting, surrounding, and interconnecting tissue types.
E) all of the above.

72) Which of the following cells can be found in connective tissue?

A) macrophages
B) fibroblasts
C) osteocytes
D) all of the above
E) A and B only

73) Which of the following means many layers?

A) columnar.
B) cuboidal.
C) squamous.
D) stratified.
E) none of the above.

74) Membranes are organs formed by the combination of which tissues?

A) epithelial and connective
B) epithelial and muscle
C) connective and muscle
D) muscle and neural
E) connective and neural

75) Mucous membranes

A) line body cavities that communicate with the exterior.
B) keep epithelial surfaces moist.
C) warm epithelial surfaces.
D) do both A and B.
E) do none of the above.

76) Muscle tissue located in the walls of digestive organs is called

A) smooth muscle.
B) crenulated muscle.
C) skeletal muscle.
D) cardiac muscle.
E) all of the above.

77) Skeletal muscle tissue contains large fibers that are

A) multinucleated.
B) involuntary.
C) nonstriated.
D) controlled by pacesetter cells.
E) connected by intercalated discs.

78) Unique features of smooth muscle tissue include

 A) its exclusive location in the heart.
B) a single nucleus (usually) for each cell.
C) the ability to regenerate after injury.
D) intercalated discs.
E) both B and C.

79) Which of the following are types of cells found in neural tissue?
A) neurons B) neuroglia C) dendrites D) nerve fibers E) both A and B

80) Which of the following is exclusively found on the neuron?

A) mitochondria
B) cell processes
C) axon
D) nucleus
E) intercalated discs

81) Neural tissue is characterized by

A) extremely long cells.
B) cells with branching processes.
C) neuroglia with varied functions.
D) the ability to transmit electrical impulses.
E) all of the above describe neural tissue.

82) Normal aging causes many effects on the body, including

A) repair and maintenance activities become less efficient.
B) connective tissue becomes more fragile.
C) hormone and lifestyle alterations affect the structure and chemical composition of many tissues.
D) epithelia become thinner.
E) all of the above.

83) Which type of epithelium lines the renal pelvis, ureters, and urinary bladder?
A) cuboidal B) columnar C) transitional D) squamous E) glandular

84) The tissue lining the small intestine of the digestive tract is called
A) stratified squamous epithelium.
B) simple squamous epithelium.
C) stratified columnar epithelium.
D) simple columnar epithelium.
E) none of the above.

85) Loose connective tissue contains

A) fixed and wandering cells.
B) a tight framework.
C) parallel, packed fibers.
D) a solid ground substance.
E) only elastic fibers.

86) Most energy storage in the body is accomplished by which of the following cells?
A) adipocytes
B) melanocytes
C) macrophages
D) fibroblasts
E) lymphocytes

87) The wet membrane that covers cavities open to the external surface of the body is called the
A) superficial fascia.
B) cutaneous membrane.
C) sarcolemma.
D) mucous membrane.
E) synovial membrane.
88) Choose the list of supporting connective tissues that is most related.
A) adipose tissue, tendon, blood, lymph, bone
B) elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage, skin
C) tendon, blood, lymph, reticular tissue
D) areolar tissue, tendon, bone, cartilage
E) hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage

89) Muscle tissue is unique in its ability to

A) repair itself after damage.
B) produce powerful contractions.
C) use ATP as an energy source.
D) do both B and C.
E) do none of the above.

90) Neurons contain which of the following features?

A) the ability to divide.
B) long processes called axons.
C) many short dendrites.
D) A and B.
E) B and C.

91) The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is

A) epithelial tissue.
B) connective tissue.
C) muscle tissue.
D) basal tissue.
E) apical tissue.

92) Functions of epithelia include all of the following, except

A) providing physical protection.
B) controlling permeability.
C) absorption.
D) producing specialized secretions.
E) supporting muscle cells.

93) Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

A) contraction. B) conduction. C) secretion. D) circulation. E) support.

94) Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have ________ at their free surface.
A) mitochondria
B) cilia
C) microvilli
D) junctional complexes
E) Golgi complexes

95) Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by
intermediate filaments. Such strong intercellular connections are called
A) gap junctions.
B) intermediate junctions.
C) tight junctions.
D) desmosomes.
E) junctional complexes.

96) The basic shapes of epithelial cells include all of the following, except
A) oval.
B) squamous.
C) cuboidal.
D) columnar.
E) both A and B
 97) The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as
A) simple squamous.
B) stratified squamous.
C) simple cuboidal.
D) stratified cuboidal.
E) transitional.

98) Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false?

A) They afford little mechanical protection.
B) They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs.
C) They line internal compartments and passageways.
D) They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.
E) They are avascular.

99) A type of epithelium found where absorption or secretion takes place is ________ epithelium.
A) simple squamous
B) simple cuboidal
C) pseudostratified columnar
D) simple columnar
E) any of the above

100) Simple cuboidal epithelium is found

A) at the surface of the skin.
B) lining the trachea.
C) lining blood vessels.
D) forming the kidney tubules.
E) lining the air sacs of the lungs.

101) Simple columnar epithelia are found

A) lining the urinary bladder.
B) lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.
C) lining kidney tubules.
D) lining the stomach.
E) at the surface of the skin.

102) Transitional epithelium is found

A) lining the urinary bladder.
B) lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.
C) lining kidney tubules.
D) lining the stomach.
E) at the surface of the skin.

103) The heart and blood vessels are lined by

A) pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
B) transitional epithelium.
C) simple cuboidal epithelium.
D) simple columnar epithelium.
E) simple squamous epithelium.

104) You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the

A) trachea.
B) urinary bladder.
C) secretory portions of the pancreas.
D) surface of the skin.
E) stomach.

105) Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood
vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ. This tissue is probably
A) epithelium.
 B) muscle tissue.
C) connective tissue.
D) neural tissue.
E) fat tissue.

106) Connective tissue fibers are produced mainly by

A) fibroblasts.
B) macrophages.
C) adipocytes.
D) mast cells.
E) melanocytes.

107) Cells that store fat are called

A) cellulocytes.
B) macrocytes.
C) adipocytes.
D) podocytes.
E) melanocytes.

108) The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is

A) collagen. B) elastin. C) actin. D) myosin. E) connectin.

109) Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are
A) tendons.
B) ligaments.
C) dense irregular connective tissues.
D) reticular tissues.
E) areolar tissue.

110) What type of cell makes up almost half the volume of blood?
A) erythrocyte B) leukocyte C) platelet D) monocyte E) phagocyte

111) Which type of connective tissue is found between the ribs and the sternum, or supporting the trachea?
A) areolar
B) hyaline cartilage
C) elastic
D) fibrous
E) dense regular

112) The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are

A) tendons, ligaments, and elastic ligaments.
B) loose, dense, and irregular.
C) cartilage, bone, and collagen.
D) collagen, reticular, and elastic.
E) polar, cellular, and permeable.

113) Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of

A) smooth muscle tissue.
B) cardiac muscle tissue.
C) skeletal muscle tissue.
D) A, B, and C
E) none of the above

114) ________ attach skeletal muscles to bones, and ________ connect one bone to another.
A) Ligaments; tendons
B) Ligaments; aponeuroses
C) Tendons; ligaments
D) Aponeuroses; tendons
E) Reticular tissues; tendons
115) Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways, except
A) transporting substances between cells.
B) supporting epithelia.
C) anchoring blood vessels and nerves.
D) storing triacylglycerols.
E) filling spaces between organs.

116) Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of

A) epithelial tissue.
B) cartilage.
C) areolar tissue.
D) elastic connective tissue.
E) adipose tissue.

117) Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to

A) blood.
B) epithelium.
C) fat.
D) bone.
E) neural tissue.

118) Osseous tissue is also called

A) cartilage. B) fat. C) cellulite. D) bone. E) ligament.

119) Unlike cartilage, bone

A) is a connective tissue.
B) has a matrix that contains collagen.
C) is highly vascular.
D) has an outer covering.
E) has cells within lacunae.

120) Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body?
A) mucous B) serous C) cutaneous D) synovial E) pleural

121) The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of
A) cutaneous membranes.
B) mucous membranes.
C) serous membranes.
D) synovial membranes.
E) the lamina propria.

122) The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the

A) pleura.
B) peritoneum.
C) pericardium.
D) periosteum.
E) perichondrium.

123) Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ________ tissue.

A) loose connective
B) dense connective
C) epithelial
D) nerve
E) muscle

124) The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle.

A) skeletal
B) cardiac
C) smooth
D) voluntary
 E) multinucleated

125) Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue.
A) connective B) neural C) areolar D) osseous E) epithelial

126) All of the following are true of neurons, except that

A) when mature, they lose the ability to divide.
B) they conduct a nervous impulse.
C) they are composed of a soma and axon.
D) they are a very specialized form of connective tissue.
E) they are separated from one another by synapses.

127) Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are
A) fibroblasts.
B) macrophages.
C) adipocytes.
D) mast cells.
E) melanocytes.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

128) Identify the highlighted epithelium.

129) Identify the highlighted fiber.

130) Identify the highlighted fiber.

131) Identify the highlighted structure.

132) Identify the highlighted structures.

133) Identify the highlighted structures.

134) Identify the highlighted fiber.

135) Identify the highlighted epithelium.

136) The epithelium is __________ columnar.

137) Identify the highlighted epithelium.

138) Identify the highlighted epithelium.

139) Identify the highlighted epithelium.

140) Which epithelial type lines the small intestine?

141) The highlighted cells secrete ________.

142) The highlighted epithelium is found only in which organ system?

 1) A
2) B
3) E
4) B
5) B
6) D
7) D
8) A
9) C
10) A
11) A
12) B
13) D
14) B
15) A
16) A
17) B
18) E
19) E
20) E
21) C
22) B
23) C
24) A
25) D
26) D
27) A
28) A
29) D
30) B
31) D
32) B
33) A
34) A
35) B
36) E
37) C
38) C
39) D
40) C
41) B
42) C
43) C
44) B
45) A
46) A
47) C
48) A
49) B
50) B
51) B
52) C
53) C
54) D
55) D
56) C
57) C
58) A
 59) C
60) C
61) B
62) A
63) B
64) D
65) E
66) D
67) A
68) E
69) D
70) C
71) E
72) D
73) D
74) A
75) D
76) A
77) A
78) E
79) E
80) C
81) E
82) E
83) C
84) D
85) A
86) A
87) D
88) E
89) B
90) E
91) A
92) E
93) C
94) C
95) D
96) A
97) A
98) D
99) E
100) D
101) D
102) A
103) E
104) A
105) A
106) A
107) C
108) A
109) C
110) A
111) B
112) D
113) B
114) C
115) A
116) B
117) D
118) D
119) C
120) A
121) C
122) B
123) E
124) C
125) B
126) D
127) B
128) simple cuboidal
129) skeletal muscle
130) smooth muscle
131) intercalated disc
132) nuclei
133) nuclei
134) smooth muscle
135) simple columnar
136) pseudostratified
137) stratified squamous
138) stratified cuboidal
139) transitional
140) simple columnar
141) mucus
142) urinary