2 ND WATERLOSS ASIA CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION 2010: OCTOBER 13 - 15, 2010 – KUALA LUMPUR ,

MALAYSIA

REGULATION INSTRUMENT
IN THE EFFORT TO REDUCE NRW AND
IMPROVEMENT OF WATER SERVICE PERFORMANCE
IN THE JAKARTA METROPOLITAN AREA

FIRDAUS ALI , PhD .

JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY REGULATORY BODY
AND UNIVERSITY OF INDONESIA

ROYALE CHULAN HOTEL,

KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA, OCTOBER 15, 2010
 OUTLINE
 JAKARTA METROPOLITAN AT A GLANCE
 JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY SERVICES CONDITION
 CHALENGES AND OPPORTUNITY
 NRW REDUCTION AND STRATEGY
 NEW POLICY APPROACH FOR NRW REDUCTION
 JATILUHUR WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
 REMARKS

 JAKARTA METROPOLITAN AT GLANCE

JAKARTA :
§Geographical Status : Capital City
of Indonesia
§Population : + 12,5 millions
( 1 . 04 %)
§Total Area : 662 km 2
§Consist of 5 Cities & 1 Regency

MAP OF INDONESIA

INDONESIA :
§Geographical : 16 , 346 Islands & 33
Provinces
§Population + 238 millions ( 201 0 )
§Population Annual Growth : 1 , 36 %
§GNI per capita : USD 1 , 250
§Largest archipelago country ( 2 / 3
of country area is seas )

MAP OF JAKARTA
 MAIN ISSUES IN WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMEN T
IN JAKARTA METROPOLITAN CITY
RAW WATER WATER SUPPLY GROUNDWATER WASTEWATER

1 . DEPLETION OF 1 . LOW SERVICE 1 . HIGH GROUND WATER 1 . VERY LOW SERVICE

QUANTITY AND COVERAGE RATIO ABSTRACTION DUE TO COVERAGE ( 2 , 8 %).
QUALITY OF 2 . VERY HIGH WATER LOW COVERAGE . 2 . LACK OF
RAW WATER LOSSES ( 48,9%). 2 . LOW RECHARGE WASTEWATER
3 . RAW WATER BECOMING CAPACITY . FACILITIES .
CRITICAL 3 . POLLUTED SHALLOW 3 . INCREASINGLY HIGH
4 . AVERAGE TARIFF GROUND WATER BY POLLUTION OF
INCREASING ( RP . WASTEWATER . SURFACE WATER
7 , 225/M 3 ). 4 . VERY LOW GROUND AND GROUND WATER
5 . WATER QUALITY NOT WATER CHARGE / TARIFF . BODIES .
DRINKABLE. 5. 4.
WATER SUPPLY 6.
ECOLOGICAL ISSUES IN THE COASTAL AREA
CRISIS

FLOOD THREAT
LAND SUBSIDENCE AND TIDAL SEA SEA WATER
INTRUSION
WATER

1 . INCREASING FLOOD PRONE

AREAS .
2 . DECREASING ELEVATION OF
COASTAL RIVER EMBANKMENT IN
COASTAL AREA .
3 . DECREASING ELEVATION OF
DRAINAGE SYSTEM ( MACRO &
MICRO ) CAUSING LOW URBAN 1 . CLIMATE CHANGE
DRAINAGE CAPACITY 2.PEAK TIDAL CYCLE
LAND SUBSIDENCE RATE IN SEVERAL REGION
IN JAKARTA BEETWEN 1993 - 2005

S ource : Office of Jakarta Mining and Energy , 2007

 WATER STRESS AREA MAP
FOR NORTH JAKARTA MUNICIPALITY

PENJARINGAN
0,41
 JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY SERVICE CONDITION :
SOURCE OF RAW WATER AND WATER TREATMENT PLANT CAPACITY

No . OPERATOR & WTPs PRODUCTION SOURCE OF NOTE

CAPACITY RAW WATER
( L / Second )
1 AETRA : FOR EASTERN REGION
OF JAKARTA
1.1 BUARAN 1 WTP

2 . 000 JATILUHUR DAM 99 % DEPEND ON
1.2 BUARAN II WTP

3 . 000 JATILUHUR DAM SUPPLY FROM
JATILUHUR MULTI
1.3 P . GADUNG WTP

4 . 000 JATILUHUR DAM PURPOSES DAM
2 PALYJA : FOR WESTERN REGION
OF JAKARTA
2.1 PEJOMPONGAN I WTP 2 . 000 JATILUHUR DAM 64 % DEPEND ON
SUPPLY FROM
2.2 PEJOMPONGAN II WTP 3 . 600 JATILUHUR DAM JATILUHUR MULTI
PURPOSES DAM
2.3 CILANDAK MINI WTP KRUKUT RIVER ( THROUGH WEST TARUM
400 CANAL
CANAL))
2.4 BULK WATER SUPPLY 2.800 CISADANE R .
TOTAL DISTRIBUTION 17 . 8 0 0
CAPACITY

Sources : JWSRB Analysis , 2008

 JAKARTA WATER BALANCE & WATER DEMAND
2010 - 2025
No Design Parameter Unit Year Note
2010 2015 2020 2025
1 Total Population (1.000) capita 11.437 12.333 13.272 14.258 Incude commuters

2 Service Coverage Target % 70 80*) 85 100 *) City MDG Target by 2015

3 Suggested Groundwater % 30 20 15 0 Jakarta GW reduction strategy in

Extraction Level order to control sea water
intrusion and land subsidence.

4 Total Pop. Supplied (1.000) capita 8.006 9.866 11.945 14.258

5 Domestic Consumption Rate l/c/d 160 175 200 200
6 Domestic Water Demand l/s 14.826 19.983 27.650 33.005
7 Non-Domestic Water Demand l/s 4.892 6.594 9.125 10.892 30% of Domestic Water Demand

8 Non Revenue Water (NRW) % 40 35 30 25

9 Total Water Demand l/s 27.605 35.879 47.808 54.871
10 Total Raw Water Demand l/s 28.985 37.673 50.199 57.614
11 Total Production Capacity l/s 15.000 21.828 21.828 21.828 After upgrading all WTPs
facilities
12 Bulk Water Treated from l/s 2.800 2.800 0 0 Supply treated bulk water from
TKR TKR will be decreased over time

13 WATER DEFISIT l/s 11.185 13 . 045 28 . 370 35 . 786

Sources : JWSRB Analysis , 2009

DRIVING FORCE OF THE COOPERATION
AGREEMENT BETWEEN PAM JAYA * AND
PRIVATE OPERATORS **

25 YEARS OF
CONCESSION CONTRACT
WITH RELATIVELY
VERY HIGH IRR ( 22
%)
* LOCAL JAKARTA GOVERNMENT OWNED WATER SUPPLY
COMPANY
** PALYJA AND AETRA ( PREVIOUSLY WAS THAMES PAM
JAYA / TPJ )
 JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY SERVICE CONDITION
No. PARAMETERS UNIT 1998 2009 2010 *)
TPJ PALYJA JKT AETRA PALYJA JKT AETRA PALYJA JKT
1 TOTAL Cap 4,312 5,118 9,430 4,449 4,461 8,910 4,490 4,480 8,970
POPULATION
1 , 000 )
2 (SERVICE % 60.98 33.28 45.89 59.67 63.93 61.80 59.65 64.09 61.80
COVERAGE
4 HOUSE Unit 278,083 209,895 487,978 382,693 412,595 795,288 383,455 414,930 798,385
CONNECTION
5 RAW WATER L/sec 8,129 5,349 13,478 9,530 6,430 15,960 8,780 6,080 14,860
DEMAND
6 WATER L/sec 7,799 4,771 12,570 8,300 5,110 13,410 4,230 2,690 6,920
PRODUCTION
7 VOLUME SOLD L/sec 2,916 2,827 5,744 4,060 4,370 8,430 2,100 2,310 4,410

8 UNACCOUNTED % 61 . 3 58 . 63 61 . 17 51.07 44.34 48.40 50.45 43.14 46.80

FOR WATER
( UFW )

s : PSES Operators Report & JWRSB Analysis, 2010

until September 2010
JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY SERVICES
DESEMBER 2009 CONDITION

•147.8 Million M3 •153.5 Million M3

•135.5 Million M3 •128.1 Million M3
•380,987 HC •403,038 HC
•397,428 HC •382.693 HC
Tariff Jakarta Singapore Kuala Manila Bangkok Brunei Hong Taipei
Lumpur Kong
Lowest 0,11 0,31 0,14 0,15 0,26 0,08 0,55 0,16

Highest 1,61 1,39 1,27 0,75 0,48 0,84 1,19 0,24

SK Ketua Otorita Batam

www.pub.gov.sg www.sybas.com.my www.gov.hk www.mwa.co.th www.manilawater.com www.waterpark.twd.gov.tw www.aseankorea.org Peraturan Walikota 106/KPTS/KA/XII/2007 Peraturan Gubernur
No 55 / 2005 No 11 / 2007

SINGAPO
RE
 CHALLENGES FOR THE JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY
REGULATORY BODY TO BALANCE THE INTEREST OF
THE PARTIES
MULTIPLE
MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS
STAKEHOLDERS

CONFLICTING
CONFLICTING INTERESTS
INTERESTS

COMMAND & ECONOMIC OTHER

CONTROL INCENTIVE
( FINES , ( MARKET FORCES , -PUBLIC
SANCTIONS , RELIABLE INFORMATION , INTEREST
PUNITIVE BENCHMARKING & PROTECTION
ACTIONS ) FORCE SOCIAL CONTROL ) -HARNESS MARKET
OF LAW

JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY

REGULATORY BODY

B A L A N C E D I N T E R E S T
 NRW AS “ KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR ”
SYSTEM AUTHORIZED BILLED BILLED METERED CONSUMPTION REVENUE
INPUT CONSUMPTION AUTHORISED (INCLUDING WATER EXPORTED) WATER
VOLUME CONSUMPTION BILLED UNMETERED CONSUMPTION

UNBILLED UNBILLED METERED CONSUMPTION NON

AUTHORIZED REVENUE
CONSUMPTION UNBILLED UNMETERED WATER
CONSUMPTION
WATER LOSSES APPARENT LOSSES UNAUTHORISED CONSUMPTION
CUSTOMER METERING
INACCURACIES
REAL LOSSES RAW WATER MAINS AND AT THE
TREATMENT WORKS (IF
APPLICABLE)
LEAKAGE ON TRANSMISSION AND/OR
DISTRIBUTION MAINS
LEAKAGE & OVERFLOWS AT
UTILITY’S STORAGE TANKS
LEAKAGE ON SERVICE
CONNECTIONS UP TO POINT OF
CUSTOMER METERING
 WHY NRW LEVEL IS CALLED AS
“ COMPANY HEALTH ”

NRW LEVEL HEALTH INDICATOR TREATMENT NEEDED

0% - 10% HEALTHY LIFE AS USUAL
10% - 15% LESS HEALTHY BE CAREFUL. MANAGE YOUR
15% - 20% UNHEALTHY GO TO THE DOCTOR
DIET.
20% - 25% SICK STAY IN THE HOSPITAL
ABOVE 25% STROKE ICCU
WATER SUPPLY SERVICE MAIN
CHALLENGES IN JAKARTA
POLICY AND STRATEGY FOR
IMPROVEMENT
 TARGETTING “ THE DEVIL ”

CUSTOMER
METER
INACCURACY

UNAVOIDABLE DATA TRANSFER

ANNUAL ERRORS
APPARENT LOSSES BETWEEN METERS
UNAUTHORIZED AND ARCHIVES ;
CONSUMPTION POTENTIALLY POOR
RECOVERABLE APPARENT CUSTOMER
LOSSES ACCOUNTABILITY
DATA
ANALYSIS
ERRORS
BETWEEN
ARCHIVED
DATA
AND DATA
USED
FOR
BILLING / WATE
R
BALANCE
TARGETTING “ THE DEVIL ”
 PROPOSED NEW JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY PROJECT

06 April 2004 KIMPRASWIL 2

 REMARKS
 JAKARTA WATER SUPPLY SERVICE NEED VERY
SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT IN ORDER TO
MITIGATE ECOLOGY DISASTER .
 PERFORMANCE BASED WATER CHARGE HAS BEEN
INTRODUCE TO FORCE BOTH OPERATORS ( PALYJA
AND AETRA ) TO IMPROVE THEIR PERFORMANCE .
 NRW / UFW REDUCTION NEEDS SOME GOVERNMENT
SUPPORTS .
 ESTABLISHMENT OF WATER SPECIAL LAW
ENFORCEMENT ( WATER POLICE ) IS AN
ALTERNATIVE TO CONTROL AND MINIMIZE ILLEGAL
CONNECTION AS WELL AS ILLEGAL CONSUMPTION .
 A NEW JATILUHUR WATER SUPPLY PROJECT HAS
BEEN PROPOSES TO THE GOVERNMENT IN ORDER
TO SOLVE RAW WATER SCARCITY PROBLEM FOR
JAKARTA .
