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FIGURA 04
( ∆x 2
P + ∆y ) = R
2
P
2
[
⋅ cos 2 ( φ P ) ⋅ cos 2 ( ∆λ ) + sin 2 ( ∆λ ) ; ]
( ∆x + ∆y ) = R ⋅ cos 2 ( φ P );
∆x 2P + ∆y 2P
2
R ⋅ cos( φ P ) = cos( φP ) =
2 2 2
P P
2
∆x + ∆y ;
2
P
2
P
R
∆λ P 2 ∆x 2 + ∆y 2
∆λ P = arctan ; φP = arccos P P
∆x P R