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Resources: http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com/bis-ib-diploma-programme-biology/02-the-
double-helix/dna-structure-and-replication-inc-ahl-71-72/
1. Draw and label the structure of a simplified single nucleotide, including sugar,
phosphate and base.
Phosphate
Sugar
Base
2. Complete the table below to show the pairings of the bases in DNA:
Purine Pyramidine
Adenosine (A) Thymine (T)
4. In the space below, draw a single strand of three nucleotides, naming the
bonds between them and showing the correct relative position of these
bonds.
nucleotides.
A double helix is a pair or parallel helices about a common axis which is the shape
the DNA takes when two single strands of nucleotides are bonded together.
6. In the space below, draw a section of DNA, showing two anti-parallel strands
of three nucleotides. Label the bonds which hold the bases together as well
as the correct complementary base pairs. Also include the 3’ and 5’ linkages
(and ends), and the distinction between purines and pyramidines.
5’ (5-prime) the end
nearest carbon number A and G are purines and T and C are pyramidines.
5 A T
C G
Ensures that mistakes are not made when copying or transcribing DNA
b. Hydrogen bonds
2 meters
b. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA most likely to be supercoiled?
In metaphase
Introns consist of the functional part of the genome and exons consit o the non
functional part of the genome or ‘junk DNA’
12.The discovery of the structure of DNA earned a Nobel Prize for Watson, Crick
and Wilson.
a. Internationalism in science?
b. Cooperation in science?
c. Competition in science?
It shows competition because each scientist was working to be the most successful
and solve the puzzle of DNA and get the recognition.
13.What was the role of Rosalind Franklin in the process of the discovery of the
structure of DNA and why was she not included in the Nobel Prize?
Rosalind Franklin discovered the ‘photograph of 51’ that revealed the helical
structure of DNA however it was Watson and Crick that were able to
recognize it as she was too familiar with the data. She was not included in the
Nobel Prize because it was Watson and Crick who saw the discovery although
she had done all the work. She then died before they could nominate her in
’62 for the next prize.