Riley&amp Sturges Statics 2nd ch01-06

I Solutions ManuaUVolume
1$ 2 Chapters 1-6 to Accompany +
CHIf~S
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i1
ENGINEERING MECHANICS:
S T A TI CS
William F. Riley
Professor Emeritus Iowa State University
SECOND EDITION
Leroy D. Sturges
Iowa State University
\~
p
18 in.
JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York Chichester Brisbane
Toronto
Singapore
Copyright © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. This material may be reproduced for testing or instructional purposes by people using the text.
ISBN 0-471-16148-9
Printed in the United States of America
10
98765432
INTRODUCTION
This manual was written with the same care and precision with which the book was
written. Included appears with the ure. This is done to both the book
is a complete solution for every problem in the book. Each solution original problem statement and, where appropriate, the problem figfor the convenience of the instructor, who no longer will have to refer and the solutions manual in preparing for class.
As a guide to the problem material, problems with answers that are included in the back of the book are marked with an asterisk [*], and problems intended to be solved with the aid of a programmable calculator or a computer are marked with a [C].
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Solutions Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 General Principles Concurrent Force Systems Statics of Particles Rigid Bodies: Equivalent Force/Moment Systems 1 37 116 154 290 396 508 690 816 958 1097
Distributed Forces: Centroids and Center of Gravity Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies Trusses, Frames, and Machines Internal Forces in Structural Members Friction
Chapter 10 Second Moments of Area and Moments of Inertia Chapter 11 Method of Virtual Work
ENGINEERING 1-1*
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES
Calculate the mass m of a body that weighs 600 lb at the surface of the earth.
SOLUTION m
600 = -- = 32.17
18.65 slug
Ans.
1-2*
Calculate the weight W of a body at the surface of the earth if it has a mass m of 675 kg.
SOLUTION
675(9.807}
6.62(10
6.62 kN
Ans.
1-3
Calculate the gravitational constant g, in U.S. Customary units, for a location on the surface of the moon.
SOLUTION
Gm m
= 33.439(10-8)(5.037)(1021)
(5.702(10 )]2
6
2
m
= 5.328 ft/s2 ~ 5.33 ft/s2
Ans.
1-4
Calculate the gravitational on the surface of the sun.
constant
g, in SI units, for a location
SOLUTION
ga s -2-
Gm r
s
6.673(10- )(1.990)(10 °) (6.960(10 )1

8 2
11
0.2741(10
322
) mls
~ 274 mls
Ans.
1-5*
The planet Venus has a diameter of 7700 mi and a mass of 3.34(1023) slug. Determine the gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet.
SOLUTION
3.439(10-8)(3.34}(10
23
[7700(5280)/2]2
27.8 ft/s
Ans ,
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 1-6*
The gravitational acceleration ~~ the surface of Mars is 3.73 m/s2 ) kg. Determine the radius of Mars. and the mass of Mars is 6.39(10 Gm
SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3) :

gH
H =-
rH
)
rM
/6.673(10-11)(6.39)(10 =I 3.73 gH
23
3.381(10
m ~ 3.38(10
Ans.
1-7
Determine the gravitational the earth.
force, in kips, exerted by the sun on
SOLUTION
Gm m r
2
es
= =
3.439(10-
)(4.095)(10 )(1.364)(10 11 2 [4.908(10 )1

)
23
29
0.7974(10
22
lb
7.97(10
18
kip
Ans.
1-8
Determine the gravitational earth on the moon.
force, in kilonewtons,
exerted by the
SOLUTION
Gm m
cm
2
6.673(10-11)(5.976)(1024)(7.350)(1022) = ~~~~--~~~~~--~~~~~~ 82
=
1-9*
[3.844(10 )J 20 17 1.984(10 ) N = 1.984(10 )
kN
Ans ,
The equatorial radi~s of the earth is 2.0925(10 ) ft and the polar radius is 2.0856(10 ) ft. Determine the gravitational acceleration g at the two locations.
SOLUTION
ge
Gm e re
2
3.439(10- )(4.095)(10 [2.0925(10 )]2

7
23
= 32.16 ft/s
Ans.
gp
Gm o rp 2
3.439(10- )(4.095)(10 [2.0856(10 )1

7 2
23
)_
32.38 ft/s
Ans ,
2.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
1-10* Two spherical bodies have masses of 60 kg and 80 kg, respectively. Determine the gravitational force of attraction between the spheres if the distance from center to center is 600 mm. SOLUTION
F=
11 m1m2 6.673(10- )(60)(80) G-= 2 (0.600)2 r
7 = 8.90(10- )
Ans ,
1-11
Two solid spherical bodies have 12 in. and310 in. diameters and are made of a material that weighs 0.284 lb/in. Determine the gravitational force of attraction between the two spheres when they are touching each other.
SOLUTION m = pV = 1 V g m1
0.284 32.17
(1 3
'It
R3)
0.03698 R3
= =
0.03698(6)3
m2 = 0.03698(5)3
= =
7.988 slug 4.623 slug

6 = 1. 511 (10- )
m1m2 G-2 r
18 3.439(10- )(7.988)(4.623)
(11/12)2
lb
Ans.
1-12
A satellite is placed in orbit 1.6(106) m abole the surface of the

moon. If the mass of the satellite is 3.0(10 } kg, determine gravitational force exerted on the satellite by the moon. the
SOLUTION
r
+r
.. = 1.6(10
=
666
) + 1.738(10
3.338(10
)m
F=~=
Gm m r
2
6.673(10-11}(3.0)(104)(7.350)(1022) [3.338(106)]2 13.21(10

3 )
N " 13.21 kN
Ans.
~-------
---
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
1-13* Determine the weight W of a satellite when it is in orbit 8500 miles above the surface of the earth if the satellite weighs 7600 lb at the surface.
SOLUTION
From Eq. (1-3) : From Table 1-1: W ro rh Wh
e = -2
Gm m r
7
W
)
oro
hrh
Gm m e
= =
2.090(10 ro + h
ft
7 )
2.090(10
+ 8500(5280)
7
6.578(10
ft Ans.
= -- = 2
rh
w oro 2
7600[2.090(10 )]2 [6.578(107)]2
767 lb
1-14* Determine the weight W of a satellite when it is in orbit 20.2(10 ) m above the surface of the earth if the satellite weighs 8450 N at the surface.
SOLUTION
From Eq. (1-3) : From Table 1-1:
W
=
=
Gm m
&
2
6 )
Woro m
6 )
whrh
=
)
Gm em
ro rh Wh
6.371(10
=
=
ro + h = 6.371(10
2
+ 20.2(10
26.571(10
woro 8450[6.371(106)]2 2= [26.571(106)]2 rh
485.8 N ~ 486 N
Ans.
1-15
If a woman weighs 135 lb when standing on the surface of the earth, how much would she weigh when standing on the surface of the moon?
SOLUTION
Gm gill
III
rIII mgm
8 21 3.439(10- )(5.037)(10 )
[5.702(10 )]2
W
5.328 ft/s2
ge
gm
135 32.17(5.328)
22.36 Ib
a!
22.4 lb
Ans.
ENGINEE~ING 1-16
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
Determine the weight W ofa body that has a mass of 1000 kg (a) At the surface of the earth. (b) At the top of Mt. McKinley (6193 m above sea levell. (e) In a satellite at an altitude of 250 km.
e = -2
SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3) : From Table 1-1: (a) Wo (b) rh W"
(c)
Gm m r
Woro
6 )
Whrh
Gm m
e
ro
6.371(10
m Ans.
6
= =
mg
=
2
1000(9.807)
=
6
9807 N ~ 9.81 kN ) + 6193

6
ro + rh Woro 2 rh
6.371(10
6.377(10 9789 N
at:
)m Ans.
= -- = =
ro + h W r2 rh
2
9807[{6.371)(10 )]2 [6.377(106)}2
=
3
9.79 kN
6 )
rh Wh
6.371(10
+ 250(10
6.621(10
m Ans.
o0 = -- =
9807[6.371(106)]2 [6.621(106)]2
9080 N ~ 9.08 kN
1-17* If a man weighs 210 Ib at sea level, determine the weight W of the man (a) At the top of Mt. Everest (29,028 ft above sea level). (b) In a satellite at an altitude of 200 mi. SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3) : From Table 1-1: (a) rh = ro + h Wh (b) rh W= ro Gm m
1;.'
2 7 )
2 wore ft
hrh
Gm m
e
2.090(10
7 )
2.090(10
+ 29028 = 2.0929028(10
ft
-2
rh
Woro
210[2.090(107)]2 [2.0929028(10
7
)12
209.4 lb
!i!!
209 lb
7 )
Ans.
ft
Ans.
ro + h
2.090(10
+ 200{52BO)
7
2.1956(10
210[2.090(10 )]2 [2.1956(10 )]2

7
190.29 lb ~ 190.3 Ib
ENGINEERING 1-18
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
A sp~~e traveler weighs 800 N on efrth.
A planet having a mass of 5(10 ) kg and a diameter of 30(10 ) m orbits a distant star. Determine the weight W of the traveler on the surface of this planet. m=
SOLUTION Gmm
--p
800 = 9.807 = 81. 57 slug
2
p
= 6.673~10-11)~81.57~(5){1025~
(15(10 )1
6 2
= 1209.6 N "" 1210
Ans.
26 1-19* The planet Jupiter has a mass of 1.302(10 ) slug and a visible diameter (top of the cloud layers) of 88,700 mi. Determine the gravitational acceleration g (a) At a point 100,000 miles above the top of the clouds. (b) At the top of the cloud layers. SOLUTION
rj
=~
dj
~(88,700'(5280' 26
2.342(10
ft Ans.
= G mj = 3.439(10-9, 1.302(10 )
r~ [2.342(10
8
)12
= 81.63 ft/s2 "" 81.6 ft/s2
1-20* The planet Saturn has a mas~ of 5.67(10 ) kg and a visible diameter (top of clouds) of 12.00(10 ) m. The weight W of a planetary probe on earth is 4.50 kN. Determine 9 (a) The weight of the probe when it is 6(10 ) m above the top of the clouds. (b) The weight of the probe as it begins its penetration of the cloud layers. SOLUTION m
p
26
Wp
4.5(10 9.807
458.9 kg
(a) r
= =--= 2
r
Gm
p
m8
6.673(10-
11
26 }(458.9)(5.67)(10 ) (66.0(109)]2
= 7.03 N = 482 N
Ans.
G. p m s (b) W =--= 2
r
8
11 26 6.673(10- )(458.9)(5.S7}(10 ) (6 •00 (109 ) 12
Ans.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
1-21
The first U.S. satellite; Explorer I, had a mass of approximately 1 slug. Determine the force exerted on the satellite by the earth at the low and high points of its orbit which were 175 mi and 2200 mi, respectively, above the surface of the earth.
SOLUTION
rL = re +
hl = 2.090(ln
+ 175(5280) = 2.182(10 + 2200(5280)
) 7 }
ft ft
rH
= =
re + hH msg
2.090(10
3.251(10
Fs
F
1(32.17)
32.17 Ib
'3
Gm e m s =-r
2
Gm e m
= =
32.17((2.090)(10 (2.182(10
7 )]2
)]2
25.51 lb ~ 25.5 lb
Ans.
32.17((2.090)(10 (3.251(10
7 )]2
)]2
13.296 lb ~ 13.30 lb
Ans.
1-22
neutron star has a mass of 2(1030) kg and a diameter of 10(10 ) Determine the gravitational force of attraction on a 10-kg space probe 6 (al When it is 10 m from the center of the star. (bl At the instant of impact with the surface of the star.
m.
SOLUTION
F
Gm m
___E__.! 2
(a)
= =
6.673(10-11){10)(Z)(1030, (10
6 )2
=
=
Ans. Ans.
(b)
6.673(lO-11)(10)(2}(l030, [5(103)]2
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
1-23* At what distance from the surface of the earth, in miles, is the weight of a body equal to one-half of its weight on the earth's surface? SOLUTION W From Table 1-1: ro ro rh
2
= --2
r
Gmemb
Woro
7 )
Whrh
Gmemb
2.090(10
ft
2
-= Wo
h
Wh
Wo12 Wo
= -2
l)r o
rh
(ro + h) 8.657(10
6
2ro ft
= (12 -
= (12 -
1)(2.090)(10
=
=
1639.6 mi ~ 1640 mi
Ans.
1-24
At what distance, in kilometers, from the surface of the earth on a line from center to center would the gravitational force of the earth on a body be exactly balanced by the gravitational force of the moon on the body?
SOLUTION
=
b
a = [meb mm a+b
2]
1/2
[5. 976 (1024)

7.350(10
22 )
2]
1/2
9. 01 7b
From Table 1-1: Therefore:
=
m
9.017b + b a
=
=
3.844(10
) )
0.3837(10
3.4603(10
1-25* Determine the weight W, in U.S. Customary units, of an 85-kg steel bar under standard conditions (sea level at a latitude of 45 degrees) SOLUTION
W
mg
(85 kg)(9.807
mls )
=
=
833.6 kg'm
s
2
833.6 N Ans.
833.6 N
(4~4!~N) = .187.4lb
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICSt
2nd. Ed.
1-26* Determine the mass m, in SI units, for a 600-lb steel beam under standard conditions (sea level at a latitude of 45 degrees). SOLUTION m 2
W =-= s
600 lb 32.17 ft/s2
= =
18.651
~lb's =
18.651 slug. kg Ans.
18.651 slug
= (li';~u!~) 272
1-27
The velocity of light in space is approximately 186,000 mils. velocity of light in units of kilometers per hour is?
The
SOLUTION
1-28
Using the fact that 1 m 39.37 in., convert 5 m units of cubic yards of concrete.
of concrete
to
SOLUTION
v=
(5 m J (39.37 m in.)3( 361 rd )3 1 In.

3
6.54 yd
Ans.
1-29* Using the fact that 1 in. 25.40 mm, convert a speed of 75 mi/h to units of meters per second. SOLUTION
1-30* The fuel consumption of an automobile consumption, in miles per gallon, is? SOLUTION
1S
14 km/L.
The fuel
"1Iiiiii====;;;;';;';'~""""'''''''''------~~------- .~-~ .. ---~
-_._. ~-----------
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 1-31
W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES The engine
An automobile has a 350-in~ engine displacement. displacement, in liters, is?
SOLUTION
V
( ](
350 . 31m In. 39.37 in.
r[
1L 0.001 m3
1=
5.736 L " 5.74 L
Ans.
1-32
How many barrels of oil are contained in 100 kL of oil? (petroleum) equals 42.0 gal.
One barrel
SOLUTION
1-33* Express a speed of 20 nmlh (1 nautical mile kilometers per minute. SOLUTION
6076 ft) in units of
1-34* One acre equals 43,560 ft. One hectare equals 10 number of acres in 500 hectares. SOLUTION
m.
Determine the
(500 hectare) (10 m ) [10.76 ft2] [ 1 acre 2] hectare m2 43,560 ft
1235 acres
Ans.
}O
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.
1-35
Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from U.S. Customary units to SI units by using the values listed for length as defined values: (a) Velocity (b) Acceleration
SOLUTION (a) Velocity; (1 in.) ( 1m ) s 39.37 in.

::::
0.0254 mls 0.3048 mls 1.609 km/h

2
Ans. Ans. Ans.
(1 !t) (3.2~lmft) (1 mi) (0.6214 mi ) 1 km

h
::::
= =
(b) Acceleration:
(1 ~) (39.37 m in.) 1 s
2
0.0254 mls
Ans. Ans.
(1 f;)b.~8~ s
ft)
= 0.3048 mls
1-36
Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from SI units to U.S. Customary units by using the values listed for length as defined values: (a) Area (b) Volume Use 1 gal
231 in~ and 1 L :::: 0.001 m •
SOLUTION (a) Area: (1 m2)(39.~7min.)2 (1 m2) (3'i8! ft) 2

·3 In. ( )(1) 1 mm 25.40 mm
= 1550 In.
.2
Ans ,
10.76 ft
Ans.
. 3
(b) Volume;
J3
3
6 = 61.02( 10- )
In.
Ans ,
)( (1 m 31ft0.3048
(1 L] [0.001
1 LIm
J=
35.31 ft
Ans .
.3)~9.37in.ja[ 231 sal.) 1 in:

JI
= 0.2642 gal
Ans.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
1-37* Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from U.S. Customary units to SI units by using the values listed for length and force as defined values: (a) Mass (b) Distributed load SOLUTION
(a) Mass:
2
(1
S!Ug)(1
Ibos /ft)( 1 ft )(4.448 N)[ 1 kg 1 slug 0.3048 m 1 lb N 21 's m load:
= 14.59 kg
Ans.
(b) Distributed
1-38* Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from SI units to U.S. Customary units by using the values listed for length and mass as defined values: (a) Pressure or stress (b) Bending moment or torque SOLUTION (a) Pressure or stress:
2 1 P ) (1 N/m2) (1 kg.m/8 J (a 1 Pa 1N
( 1 SlUg) ( 1 m
14.59 kg
1 kPa 1 MPa
J (1 lb' 8 1ft) (12 1 3.281 ft slug
ft in.
)2
Ans. Ans.
0.1450(10-
Ib/in~
10
3 6
Pa Pa
10
= =
0.1450 psi 145.0 psi
(b) Bending moment or torque:
J2
ENGINEERING 1-39
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2
2nd. Ed.
W. F.
RILEY AND L. D. STURGES Determine the
One acre equals 43,560 ft, One gallon equals 231 in: number of liters of water in 2500 acre'ft of water.
SOLUTION (2500
acreort)[43,560
acre
ft
W2 inor[
1 ft
231 in~
9
1 gal) [30785LJ
1 gal
9
3.083(10 ) L ~ 3.08(10 ) L
Ans.
1-40
The viscosity of crude ~~l under2conditions of standard temperature and pressure is 7.13(10 2) N's/m. The viscosity of crude oil in U.S. Customary units (lb's/ft ) is?
SOLUTION v = 7.13(10-3} N's (1 lb )(0.3048 mJ2 2 4.448 N 1 ft Ans.
1-41* The air pressure in an automobile tire is 35 psi. Express the pressure in appropriate SI units (kPa) by using the values listed in Table 1-6 for length and force as defined values. SOLUTION P
35 lb [4.448 N] [39.37 in.]2 in~ 1 lb 1m
[1
Pa ] [ kPa] 1 N/m2 1000 Pa
241 kPa
Ans.
1-42
The stress in a steel bar is 150 MPa. Express the stress in appropriate U.S. Customary units (ksi) by using the values listed in Table 1-6 for length and force as defined values.
SOLUTION
0'
150 MPa
=
=
150(106) Pa (1 N/m2) (0.2248 lb) ( 1 m. )2 1 Pa 1N 39.37 In. 21.75(10

3 )
Ib/in~ ~ 21.8 ksi
Ans ,
)3
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
W. F. RILEY
AND L.
D. STURGES
1-43* Express the density, in SI units (kg/m3)'30f that has a specific weight of 0.284 lb/in. SOLUTION P
6
a specimen of material
=
in.
4
1=
g
2
0.284 lb/in. 32.17(12)
in./s
735.7(10-
lb's -in. "
735.7(10-
lb's --
(4'14~bN) (39·i7min.)"(1
ks.m/s2)
1 N,
7860 kg/m
Ans.
1-44* Express the specific weight, in U.S. Customary units3(lb/in:), specimen of material that has a density of 4500 kg/m. SOLUTION
y
of a
= =
pg
4500 ~ m
3 N
[9.807 m2][ 1 N s 1 kg'm/s

m
2]
3
45,13(10
3)
.
N/m
3
3
Ans ,
'I
45.13(10)
(1 lb N) (39.37 m in.) 1 4.448
01626 lb/ln.
1-45
By definition, 1 hp 33,000 ft'lb/min and 1 W 1 N·m/s. Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6. for converting power from U.S. Customary units to SI units by using the values listed for length and force as defined values.
SOLUTION
1-46
The specific heat of air under standard atmospheric pressure, in SI units, is 1003 N'm/kg'K. The specific heat of air under standard atmospheric pressure, in U.S. Customary units (ft'lb/slug,oR), is?
SOLUTION
C p
= 1003
N'm ( 1 lb (3,281 ft) (14.59 kg'K 4.448 N 1m 1 slug
kg(__!_!L_J
1.80R
= 6000
ft'lb slug' R
o
Ans ,
J1
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.
1-47* Newton's law of gravitation
If F is a force, m1
can be expressed in equation form as m1m2 F = G- 2 r and m2 are masses, and r is a distance, determine
the dimensions SOLUTION

G
of G.
= -- = m1m2
Fr2
(ML/T2)( L) 2 (M)(M)
=MT2
L3
Ans.
1-48* The elongation
of a bar of uniform cross section axial force is given by the equation
subjected
to an
5
What are the dimensions and A is an area? SOLUTION
of E if 5 and L are lengths,
AE
PL
P is a force,
Ans.
1-49 An important parameter
in certain types of fluid flow problems when a free surface is present is the Froude number (Fr) which can be expressed in equation form as v2] 1/2 Fr = L Lw ~
where P is the density of the fluid, v is a velocity, L is a length, and w is the specific weight of the fluid. Show that the Froude number is dimensionless. SOLUTION
Ans.
IS
_iiiiOiiOO====---~'-"""
~·_···_· __
ENGINEERING MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
1-50 An important parameter in fluid flow problems involving thin films

is the Weber number (We) which can be expressed We = pv L
(J
in equation form as
where P is the density of the fluid, v isa velocity, L is a length, and (J is the surface tension of the fluid. If the Weber number is dimensionless, what are the dimensions of the surface tension o? SOLUTION
(J
3 2 (M/L )(L/T)2(L) pv L ( 1) We =
M -
r2
Ans.
1-51* The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is given by the

equation
k(L/g)1/2
where T is in seconds, L is in feet, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and k is a constant. What are the dimensions of k for dimensional homogeneity? SOLUTION
k
{L/g
1 (Dimensionless)
Ans.
1-52* In the equation
Y = Yo + vt + 2at y and Yo are distances, v is a velocity, a is time. Is the equation dimensionally
18
an acceleration,
and t
homogeneous?
SOLUTION
y yo
= =
L L
vt
(L/T)(T)
All terms have the dimension L; therefore, the equation is dimensionally homogeneous.
Ans.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.

form as
1-53 The modulus k of a coil spring (force required to stretch the spring
a unit distance) can be expressed
k = ....Q!:_
"
in equation
4R3n in which rand R are lengths and n is a dimensionless number. Determine the dimensions of G (a property of the spring material). SOLUTION
G
3 4kR n r
"
2 (1)(ML/T L)(L}3(1) (L)"
M =LT2
Ans.
1-54
In the dimensiomally
homogeneous
U
equation
Wv
2
Fd - 2g
F is a force, W is a force, d is a length, and v is a linear velocity Determine the dimensions of U and g. SOLUTION Fd
=
=
(ML/T )(L)
ML2/T2
All terms have the dimension

Wv2
ML2/T2:
U
g
ML2/T2 (ML/T2)(L/T)2 (1)(ML 2 /T2 )
Ans.
2g
ML /T
L/T2
Ans.
1-55* In the dimensiomally
homogeneous
(J
equation
(J
A I is a stress, A is an area, M is a moment of a force, and c is a length. Determine the dimensions of P and I.
f + Mc
SOLUTION All terms have the dimension M/LT2:

P
I
2 = (M/LT2)( L ) = ML/T2
Ans. Ans.
(ML 2/T2Hq (M/LT2)
= L"
)7
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed. homogeneous

Pd :: 2
1-56* In the dimensionally
equation
2
Imv2 + lI<}
(,.I
d is a length, m is a mass, v is a linear velocity, and angular velocity. Determine the dimensions of P and I. SOLUTION 12 ~mv :: (l)(M)(L/T)
222
is an
::ML IT
All terms have the dimension ML2/T2:

p::
ML2/T2
(L)
::ML/T
I ::
ML2/T2 (11(1/T)2
ML--
Ans ,
1-57
homogeneous
equation VQ
t=Y-+Jb
t
Tr
is a stress, T is a torque, V is a force, rand b are lengths, and is a second moment of an area. Determine the dimensions of J and
Q. SOLUTION All terms have the dimension M/LT2:

J ::
(ML /T )(L) ::L4
(M/LTZ)
Q :: (M/LT )(L )(L) :: L3 (ML/T2)
Ans ,
1~58
homogeneous
A
equation
J
r :: f + Tr
is a stress, A is an area, T is a torque. and r is a length. Determine the dimensions of P and J.
t
SOLUTION All terms have the dimension M/LT2:

J ::
(MLz/Tz)(LI :: L4
(M/LT2)
Ans.
)8
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

-lib
W. F. RILEY AND L. O. STURGES
1-59* The equation x = Ae sin (at + ~) is dimensionally homogeneous. If A is a length and t is time, determine the dimensions of x, a, b, and a.
SOLUTION
t
= 1: b= =
a(T)
therefore 1 therefore
= =
T 1 T
Ans.
Ans , Ans ,
at a x
1 (Dimensionless)
A(1)
L(1)
Ans.
322 homogeneous equation w x + ax + bx + a b/x, if x is.a length, what are the dimensions of a, b, and w?
SOLUTION If x
L, each term has the dimension L3:

ax
w a
= = =
L3 L
Ans. Ans. Ans.
= =
2 a(L ) bel)
= =
L3 L3
bx
L2
1-61 Determine the dimensions of a, b, c, and y in the dimensionally

homogeneous equation y
Ae -bt cos
[I1 - a i bt + c]
b
in which A is a length and t is time. SOLUTION bt
b(T)
=
=
=
1
T
Ans. Ans.
a c
1 (dimensionless)
1 (dimensionless)
A(1)(1)
L(l)(l)
Ans.
J'1
-(ljiiiii=====~=-":"---~~-~~~-----'-
---,,_._,,_._" --~------------~
1-62 Determine the dimensions of c, w, k, and P in the differential

equation dx dx m+ c dt + kx P cos wt 2 dt in which m is mass, x is length, and t is time.
2
SOLUTION
d m2
dt
M( L/T2)
ML/T~
All terms have the dimension ML/T :

c
dx dt
=
kx
c(L/T)
k(L}
P cos
= wt = (.)t =
WIT)
P( 1)
= = =
=
ML/T2
c k
ML/T2
1 (dimensionless)
W P
= = =
=
MIT
M/T2 1/T ML/T2
Ans. Ans. Aus. Ans.
ML/T2
1-63* Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (al 0.0153 (b) 0.0347
(c)
0.0566
SOLUTION
% DUf
NR -
NT
NT
(100)
(a)
For 0.015:
0.015 - 0.0153 (100) 0.0153
-1.961 %
Ans ,
(b)
For 0.035:
0.035 - 0.0347 (100) = +0.865 % 0.0347 0.057 - 0.0566 (100 ) 0.0566
Ans.
(e) For 0.057:
+0.707 %
Ans.
20
1-64* Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a.)
0.8374
(b)
0.4729
(e)
0.6644
SOLUTION
% Diff =
NR - N T NT
(100)
(a )
For 0.84:
0.84 - 0.8374 (100) = +0.310 % 0.8374 0.47 - 0.4729 (100) = -0.613 % 0.4729 0.66 - 0.6644 0.6644
Ans.
(b )
For O. 47:
Ans ,
(c )
For O. 66:
r ioo:
= -0.662 %
Ans.
1-65
Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a)
1.8394
(b) 3.4629
(e) 6.7523
SOLUTION
% Diff =
N R - NT (100 ) NT
Ans ,
(a)
For 1. 8:
1.8 - 1.8394 (100) = -2.14 % 1.8394 3.5 - 3.4629 3.4629
(b) For 3.5:
uco:
= +1.071 A:.
Ans.
(e)
For 6.8:
6.8 - 6.7523 (100) = +0.706 % 6.7523
Ans.
2}
-~--.-.....
.._.
.---.--
._
._"

1-66
Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a)
3.6544
(b)
7.5638
(c)
8.9223
SOLUTION
% Diff
NR - N
NT
(100)
(a)
For 3.7:
3.7 - 3.6544 (100) 3.6544 7.6 - 7.5638 (100) 7.5638 8.9 - 8.9223 (100) 8.9223
= = =
+1.248 %
Ans.
(b)
For 7.6:
+0.479 %
Ans.
Ans.
(e)
For 8.9:
-0.250 %
1-67* Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a)
26.394
(b)
74.829
(e) 55.336
SOLUTION
%
Diff
NR - NT NT
(100 )
(a)
For 26.4:
26.4 - 26.394 (100) 26.394 74.8 - 74.829 (100) 74.829 55.3 - 55.336 (100) 55.336
= = =
+0.0227 %
Ans.
Ans.
{b}
For 74.8:
-0.0388 %
(c)
For 55.3:
-0.0651 %
Ans ,
22.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
w.
F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES
1-68* Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a)
374.93
(b)
826.48
(c)
349.33
SOLUTION
% Diff
N
R
-N NT
T
(100)
(a)
For 375:
375 - 374.93 (100) 374693 826 - 826.48 (100) 826.48 349 - 349.33 (100)
349.33
+0.01867 %
Ans.
(b)
For 826:
=
=
-0.0581 %
Ans.
(c)
For 349:
-0.0945 %
Ans.
1-69
Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a)
6471.9
(b)
3628.7
(c) 7738.2
SOLUTION
% Diff
::
NR NT
N
T
{100}
(a)
For 6470:
6470 - 6471.9 (100) 6471. 9 3630 - 3628.7 (100) 3628.7 '7740- 7738.2 (l00) 7738.2
::
-0.0294 %
Ans.
(b)
For 3630:
= =
+0.0358 %
Ans.
(c)
For 7740:
+0.0233 %
Ans ,
23
1-70 Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (b) 6748.3 (a) 8521.4 (c) 9378.7 SOLUTION
%
Diff
NR - N NT
T (100)
(a) For 8520: (b) For 6750: (c) For 9380:
8520 - 8521.4 (100) 8521.4 6750 - 6748.3 (100) 6748.3 9380 - 9378.1 (100) 9378.7
= = =
-0.01643 % +0.0252 % +0.01386 %
Ans. Ans. Ans.
1-71* Round off the following numbers to four significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) (c) 55,129.9 (b) 27,382.6 63,746.2 SOLUTION
%
Diff
NR - NT NT
(100)
(a) For 63,750: (b) For 27,380: (c) For 55,130:
&32750 - 631746.2 (100) 63,746.2 271380 - 272382.6 (100) 27,382.6 552130 - 551129.9 (100) 55,129.9
= = =
+0.00596 % -0.00950% +0.0001814
Ans.
Ans. Ans.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS. 2nd. Ed.
1-72* Round off the following numbers to four significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a)
937,284
(b)
274,918
SOLUTION
%
Diff
N
R
-N NT
T
(100)
(a)
For 937,300:
937,300 - 937,284 (100) 937.284 274,900 - 274,918 (100) 274,918 339,900 - 339,872 (100) 339.872
+0.001707 %
Ans.
(b)
For 274,900:
= =
-0.00655 %
Ans.
(c)
For 339,900:
+0.00824 %
Ans.
1-73
Round off the following numbers to four significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 918,273 (b) 284,739 (c) 342,691
SOLUTION
%
Diff =
N R - NT NT
(100)
(a)
For 918,300:
9181300 - 9182273 918,273 284!700 - 2841739 284,739 342!700 - 3422691 342,691
(100) = +0.00294 %
Ans.
(b)
For 284,700:
(100) = -0.01370 %
Ans.
(c)
For 342,700:
(100) = 0.00263 %
Ans.
2S
1-74 Round off the following numbers to four significant figures.
Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference.
(a)
624,373
(b)
785,239
(c)
936,491
SOLU'l' I ON
% Diff
(a) For 624,400:

(b)
624,400 - 624,373 (100) 624,373 785,200 - 785,239 (100) 785.239 936,500 - 936,491 (100) 936,491
=
=
=
+0.00432 %
Ans. Ans. Ans.
For 785,200:
-0.00497 %
(c) For 936,500:
+0.000961 %
Cl-75 A common practice in rounding answers is to report numbers whose leading digit is 1 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and all other numbers to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. Although this practice probably started with the accuracy with which slide rules could be read, it also reflects the fact that an accuracy of greater than 0.2 percent is seldom possible. This project will examine the error introduced by this and some other rounding schemes. For each of the rounding schemes below, 1. Generate 20,000 random numbers between 1 and 10. 2. Round each number to the specified number of significant figures. (Note that 3 significant figures is equivalent to 2 decimal places, 4 significant figures is equivalent to 3 decimal places, etc., since all numbers are between 1 and 10.) 3. Calculate the percent relative error for each number. PercentRelError
= 1 Number
- RoundNumber Number
1*100
4. Plot PercentRelError versus Number. 5. Comment on the maximum round-off error and the distribution of round-off error. a. Round all numbers to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. b. Round numbers less than 2 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and numbers greater than 2 to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. c. Round numbers less than 3 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and numbers greater than 3 to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. d. Round numbers less than 5 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and numbers greater than 5 to an accuracy of 3 significant figures.
SOLUTION
Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 0
(~)
27
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.
w.
Cl-75 (Continued)
0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
(b)
0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
(e)
0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
(<I)
28
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
Cl-76 When engineers deal with angles, they are usually more interested in
the sine or o cosine of the angle than they are with the angle itself. Since sin 5 cos 85 sin 175 sin 1085 0.08716 the rounding of angles requires a different scheme than that described in Problem Cl-75. That is, angles should be rounded to a specified number of decimal places rather than a specified number of significant figures. This project will examine the error introduced by rounding angles to various numbers of decimal places. For each of the cases below, o 1. Generate 20,000 random angles between 1 and 89. (Use a random number generator that produces decimal numbers and not just integers.) Calculate the sine and cosine of each angle, 2. Round each angle to the specified number of decimal places and calculate the sine and cosine of the rounded angle. 3. Calculate the percent relative error for each angle.
I')
= .... =
PercentRelError or PercentRelError
= =
sin(Angle) - sin(RoundAngle) sin(Angle) cos{Angle) - cos(RoundAngle) cos(Angle)
1*100
1*100
4. Plot PercentRelError versus Angle. 5. Comment on the maximum round-off error and the distribution of round-off error. a. Round all angles to an accuracy of 1 decimal place. h. Round all angles to an accuracy of 2 decimal places. c c. Round angles less than 10 to an accuracy of 3 decimal places and angles greater than 10 to an accuracy of 2 decimal places.
0
SOLUTION
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
30
60
90
(a.)
S)J~
x.
21
===..;;.0=.-_", "_"~~~
__
~~--"--"-. --"_ --~--~-~~
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. Cl-76 (Continued)
0.4
0_3
0_2
0_1
0 0
30
60
90
(Q.)
0.4
C.os X
Cl-~~
0_3
0_2
coshcl
0_1
0 0
30
60
90
(b)
0.4
cr-zae
0.3
0.2
0.1
0 0 30
60
90
(C) 30
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
C1-77 When two numbers are added or multiplied together, the result is always less accurate than the original numbers. This project will examine the error introduced by rounding two numbers before they are multiplied together. a. Generate 80 random numbers between 4.51 and 5.49 (that is, 5 ± O.l*RND). If any pair of these numbers are rounded to the nearest integer (5) and then multiplied together, the result will be 25. How does this result compare with the correct product obtained by multiplying the original two numbers together? Is the result accurate to the nearest integer? Is the result accurate to less than 10 percent? b. Repeat part a for numbers between 49.51 and 50.49 (50 ± O.Ol*RND). Is the result accurate to the nearest integer? Is the result accurate to less than 1 percent? c. Generate 20,000 random integers between 1 and 49. For each integer N, generate two random numbers which will round to that integer N1
N ± 0.5*RND
N2
N ± 0.5*RND in the products
Plot the percent relative difference ProdDiff
NI*N;*; N*N 1*100
versus N. Compare this with the percent relative difference in the original numbers NumDiff SOLUTION
Nl ; N 1*100
10 8 6
4
Cl-Z!ic PI'OdDlff
_ -= _=-:._T
._~~:. .•.
---
10
20
30
40
50
P1tot>.
t» FF.
31
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. Cl-77 (Continued)
32.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
w.
26
1-78* The planet Neptune has a mass of 1.03(10 ) k' and a visible diameter (top of the cloud layers) of 4.86(10 ) m. Determine gravitational acceleration g at the top of the cloud layers. SOLUTION gN Gm -_2N rN 6.673(10- )(1.03)(10 = (2.43(107)]2
11 26 )
the
11.6398 mls
~ 11.64 mls
Ans.
1-79* The weight of the first Russian satellite, Sputnik It on the surface of the earth was 184 lb. Determine the force exerted on the satellite by the earth at the low and high points of its orbit which were 149 mi and 597 mi, respectively, above the surface of the earth. SOLUTION From Eq. (1-2): From Table 1-1: rL
F
=
= =
_e_ 2
Gm m
r
m ft
W =g=
184 32.17
5.720 slug
ro
7 2.090(10 ) 7 2.090(10 ,
9
+ hL
+ 149(5280}
23
7 2.169(10 )
ft Ans.
3.439(10- )(4.095)(10 )(5.720) [2.169(107) }2
171.2 lb
FH
e -2-
Gm m rH
3.439(10- )(4.095)(10 )(5.720) (2.405(10 )]2

7
23
139.3 lb
Ans.
1-80
The plaget Jupiter has a mass of 1.90(10 ) kg and a radius of 7.14(10 ) m. Determine the force of attraction between the earth and ~¥piter when the minimum distance between the two planets is 6 ( 10 ) m.
27
SOLUTION GmemJ
r
F=-2-=
6.673(10-11)(5.976)(1024){1.90)(1027) [6(1011)]2
Ans.
33
-.
__~_.~~~
~ __l_l
---~~~---------~------------------------W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 1-81
On the surface of the earth the weight of a body is 200 lb. At what distance from the center of the earth would the weight of the body be (a) 100 lb? (b) 50 lb? Gm m2
r
SOLUTION From Eqs. (1-2): Therefore: (a) For F (b) For F
1 --
Fr2 r
2 Wr e
e
= =
Gm e m
IWr2/;
n
7 )
F re ft ft
Ans ,
= =
100 lb: 50 lb:
=I
200 7 (2.090)(10 ) 100
2.96(10
r=~ 50
(2.090)( 10
= 4.18(10
Ans.
1-82* At what distance from the center of the earth would the force of attraction between two spheres 1 m in diameter in contact equal the force of attraction of the earth on one of the spheres? The mass of each sphere is 250 kg. SOLUTION From Eq. (1- 2 ) :
F
=
2 21
Gm m
s
Gm e m s
r
2
4(0.5) (~5~76)(10
· =
0.1546(1012)
Ans.
1-83* The weight of a satellite on the surface of the earth prior to launch is 250 lb. When the satellite is in orbit ~000 miles from the surface of the earth, determine Lhe force of attraction between the earth and the ~~tellite. SOLUTION From Eq. (1-2): From Table 1-1: r F ro
= =
Gm m
r
e 2
m
7
=w s =
250 = 32.17
=
7
7.771 slug
2.090(10 ) ft 2.090(10 ) + 5000(5280)

8 23
ro + h Gm e m
4.730(10 ) ft
3.439(10- )(4.095)(10 )(7.771) [4.730(10 )]2

7
48.9 lb
Ans ,
-~'
~,-'-,
,~~------
ENGINEERING 1-84
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.
W. F.
3
RILEY AND L. D. STURGES its
A fluid has a dynamic viscosity of 1.2(10- ) N.s/m~. Express dynamic viscosity in U.S. Customary units (lb's/ft ).
SOLUTION
J.!
1. 2 (10
-3
N's (0.2248 lb) (0.3048 m)2 2 1N 1 ft m
2.51(10-5)
lb's ft2
Ans.
1-85
The stress equation
for eccentric
(J
loading of a short column
is
=_
f _ Pey
A I
If P is a force, A is an area, and e and yare lengths, what are the dimensions of stress a and second moment of area I? SOLUTION
ML/T
L2
M/LT2
M/LT2: I
All terms have the dimension
(ML/T )(L)(L) (M/LT2)
L4
Ans.
1-86* Determine equation
the dimension
of c in the dimensionally
homogeneous
in which v is a velocity, m is a mass, t is time, and g is the gravitational acceleration. SOLUTION ct c(T) m = TIi"') = 1 (Dimensionless)
e
MIT MIT
Ans. Ans.
-ct/m]
(M) ( L/T2) (1)
= LIT
3$
----.
..
-~.-----------~
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.

v is a velocity, of a and c.
homogeneous equation R = cv + ag, R is a force, and g is an acceleration. Determine the dimensions
SOLUTION All terms have the dimension cv ag ML/T2: c a
= =
c(L/T) a(L/T2,
= =
MLIT2 ML/T2
= MIT =M
Ans. Ans.
1-88 When a body moves through a fluid it experiences

motion which can be represented by the equation
a rlsist~nce to its ~oPV A where F
is a force, P is the density of the fluid, V is the velocity of the body relative to the fluid, and A is the cross-sectional area of the body. Show that the drag coefficient CD is dimensionless. SOLUTION ML/T2 = -~~~------(M/L3)(L/T)2(L2)
(Dimensionless)
Ans.
1-89
Develop an expression for the change in gravitational acceleration Ag between the surface of the earth and a height h when h « R •
e
SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3):

g
Gm e
r
2
g + Ag = Gm e
r
2
e
Gm e (r + h)2
e
Therefore:
Ag
= ----
Gm
e
(r + h)2
=
For h « r:
e
Gm h(2r
e
+ h)
2Gm h Ilg ~ - --3.;..e_ r

e
=_
g(!h
e
Ans.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS~ 2nd. Ed.
2-1* Determine the magnitude of the
resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-1.
r.
x Fig. P2-'
SOLUTION From Eq. 2-1:
s
2
R2 ::F~ + F~ + 2FIF2 cos ~

:: 120 + 90
Z
.~
cos 90°
I r - - - - - - - -,;:
:
I
l?
-
+ 2(120}(90)
______
lL"\3
-"
....... 1_ -
)C..
R :: 150.0 lb
From Eq. 2-2: Fz sin ~
it
-1
)iO
)b
f3
::
sin sin
-1
::
90 sin 90° 150.0
::
36.8"7°
R :: 150.0 lb A 36.9°
Ans.
2-2* Determine the magnitude of the
resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-2
b-x
S~ "W
I iN
SOLUTION From Eq. 2-1:
RZ
:: F
Z 1 2
+ F2 + 2F1Fz cos ~
2
--- -- -:;~ R
:: 60
R ::
+ 54
+ 2(60)(54)
cos 60°
;tI' ~ o
"" ,
.. , "
I
98.77 ~ 98.8 N
From Eq. 2-2: f3

::
::
sin sin
-1 -1
F2 sin (P 54 sin 60° 98.77

R
::
28.26°
R ::98.8
37
N A 28.3°
Ans.

2-3 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-3.

y 400lb
Fig. P2·]
SOLUTION
~oo lb ......
From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2:
\
R2
= = =
\-4801b
F~ + F~ + 2FIF2 cos $
480
2
+ 4002 + 2(480)(400) cos 98°
580.48 ~ 580 Ib
-1
f3 = Sln
F2 sin eft
R
= sin
-1
400 sin 98° = 43.03° 580.48
e = f3
2-4
+ 21° = 43.03° + 21°
64.03°
Ii!!
64.0°
~=
580 lb A 64.0°
Ans.
Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-4.
y
200N
Fig. P2·4
SOLUTION
'200 ).J From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2:
R2
_ ...
F~
+ F~ + 2FIF2 cos ~
2
= =
250
+ 2002 + 2(250)(200) cos 50°
408.39 " 408 N sin

-1
e=
e=
F2 sin eft
R
sin
-1
200 sin 50° 408.39
22.03°
f3 + 14°
22.03° + 14°
36.03°
9!
36.0°
R=
408 N A 36.0°
Ans.
38

2-5* Determine the ma~nitude of the resultant R and the angle $ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-5.

y
6OO1b
FiB-
P2-5
SOLUTION
R
2
1.00
lb
= = = = =
F2 + F~ + 2F F cos 4> 12 1 2 2 250 + 600 + 2(250)(600) cos 30° 826.02 Ib sin

-1 9!
826 lb
f3
8
F2 sin q.
R
30° --------X
-1
SIn
600 sin 30° 826.02
21.:3OQ
f3 + :i00 = 21. 30° + 30°
51. 30°
5!. 3°
" 826 lb ~ 51. 3-
Ans •
2-6*
Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle 8 between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-6.
lOkN
FiB_
P2-6
SOLUTION
1..5 KN

H2
= = =
F~ + F~ + 2FIF2 cos q. 10
2
+ 25
+ 2(10)(25) cos 60°

31. 2
<P
31. 22
kN
9!
kN = SIn
-1
)0
25 sin 60° 31. 22 19.91°
'KN
= e=Bf3 sin
-1
F2 sin
R
43.91°
24
43.91
24
3'
R=
31. 2 kN ~ 19.91°
Ans.


y
BOOlb
Fig. P2-7
SOLUTION
~=
R2
45° + 60°
=
2
105°
= =
F~ + F~ + 2F1F2 cos ~
600
2
+ 800
+ 2(600)(800) cos 105° 867 lb

Ij)
R = 866.91 Ib f3 = sin
$
-1
Q(
F2 sin
R
= sin
-1
800 sin 105 866.91
= 63.046°
= fJ + 30 = 63.046 + 30 = 93.046° ~ 93.0°
R=
867 Ib s, 87.0
Ans.
2-8
Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of actidn of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-8.
y
MON
,~
..
..~, ,
Fig. P2-8
SOLUTION
&2
= = = =
F2 1
+ F~ + 2F1F2 cos 1>

2
= 780
R
+ 650
+ 2(780)(650) cos 107° 857 N
,
\
,
•
\SCt°
\
---X-
856.99 N sin
-1 F2
IilII
fJ
€I
sin ~
R
sin
-1
59° - fJ = 59 - 46.50
650 sin 107 856.99 12.50°
46.50°
.,0
R = 857 N
!b 12.50°
Ans.
-------
----------------------------

2-9* Determine the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-9.
w.

y
Fig. P2-9
SOLUTION
l.oolb
R = 884.39 Ib ~ 884 Ib {3
sin
-1
F2 sin
R
If>
sin
-1
= (3
600 sin 66° 884.39
38.300°
" 38° = 38.300'
38 = 0.300°
R=
HB4 lb ~ 0.300°
Ans.
2-10* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for tha two forces shown in Fig. P2-10.
y 3S0N
400N
Fi". P2·'O
SOLUTION
.... 50W 3
" ..
Fl + F2 + 2F1F2 cos.
,
-4S·",. __
0
",.
" .. ..
_,,- ~ __ ~
I I
=
R
---=_~ ~
400
+ 350
Q!
2(400)(350) cos 105
458.29 N
sin
-1
458 N
¢I
1 sin 105° = 5in- 350 458.29
(3
I
"
N
Ans.
f3
Fz sin
R
0
= R=
I I
~OO
= f3 - 45
= 47.53° - 45°
2.53°
458 N A 2.53°
"'11
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.

y 90Ib
2-11* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-11.
~b_x
fig. P2-"
SOLUTION ~ = 180
0 -
tan-
= 120.96
CJ I ~-------11\ R
From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: &2
=
=
F: + F: + 2F1F2 cos $ 110 2
/
cos 120.96°
\\
..... - - X \~ .... \ \10 )6
+ 902 + 2(110)(90)
.. ./_/,-~--
&
{3
100.07 lb ~ 100.1 lb
. -1
0 F2 sin $ -1 90 sin 120.96 --&::--- = sin 100.07
= s in
50.46°
R=
100.1 lb ~ 50.5°
Ans.
2-12* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-12.
y 170N
Fig. P2-12
SOLUTION
0/
)']0
N.
~ __ 1800 +
tan
-1
12 - tan
-1
R2
=
=
F!
210
F: + 2F1F2 cos •
+
170
+ 2(210)(170)
cos 134.4:
R
{3
151.74 N ~ 151.7 N sm
. -1
'2.\0 N
170
SIn.
= e=
-~R~-
F2 sin
= s rn -1 .
. 134 42° 151. 74
=
=
;;;3.1;:;,Q ...... 151.7 N A 30.5°
{3 - 22.62
53.15 - 22.62
30.53 " 30.5°
Ans,


y SOOlb
V!A'b,
Fig. P2-13
SOO
SOLUTION
1J = tan
-1
.4 1
tan
-1
= 54.16° 5
\b .> ....../
,~,~
From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: H2
/
/"
o
= =
F2 + F~ + 2FIF2 cos 1> 1
:
" Lao lb
'
600
+ 500
2
Q!
+ 2 (600 )(500 ) cos 54.16° 980 lb

¢t
= 980.47 Ib
-1
2).80 -------")(.
fJ = sin
F2 sin
R
= sin
-1
500 sin 54.16° = 24.42° 980.47

Q!i
::
fJ
+ 21. 80 = 24.42 + 21. 80 = 46.22
46.2
R = 980 Ib ~ 46.2"
Ans.
2-14
Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-14.
y 180N
1~,
Fig. P2-14
SOLUTION
1> :: 180
0
- tan
-1
tan
-1
0 2 79.70 1=

R2 = F2 + F2 + 2F1F2 cos <P 1 2
= 240
+ 180
+ 2(240)(180) cos 79.70° 325 N
R f3
= =
324.73 N sin
-1
Q!
Sin
-1
180 sin 79.70° 324.73
33.050
e=
fJ + 36.87 :: 33.05 + 36.87
69.92°
Q!i
69.9°
R=
325 N A 69.9°
Ans.
______
.-
.---.-
__ ~
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-15* Determine the magnitude

of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-15.
~--21iD.--~
Fig. P2-15
SOLUTION
81
$2
=
=
tan
-1
21
20.85
32.01
0
SOO
lb 'ZO.!S
- ---0--
tan-
=
From Eq. 2-1:
R2
127.14°
R
t 2F 1F 2
= =
F2 1
+ F2 2
2
cos ~ '~ cos 127.14°
800
+ 10002 + 2(800)(1000)
820.96 lb ~ 821 lb
From Eq. 2-2: ~ = sin

$
-1
F2
R
0
sin 4>
= Sln
-1
1000 sin 127.14 820.96
__ 76.170
p + 20.85
76.17 + 20.85
97.02° ~ 97.0°
821 Ib ~ 83.0°
Ans.

2-16 Determine the ma~nitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-16.
82SN
-t-,
6Smm 70mm
740N
Fig. P2-16
SOLUTION 81
°2
o
tan tan 180

0
-1
120 70 120
65
= =
0
28.44
-1
30.260
-
R
'7410 1'1 ...
28.44
30.26° = 121. 30°
...... I
............... ~".............
(3
..... .
81.5 N
From Eq, 2-1:

R2
= =
F~
+ F~ + 2F1F2 cos $
2
28.~.q° ------)(.
cos 121.30
0
825
+ 740
+ 2(825)(740)
770.64 N ~ 771 N
From Eq. 2-2:

f3
_ 1 F2
sin 4>
SIn
0 1 s1'n- 740 sin 121.30 170.64
0•
-5 14°
e=
f3 + 28.44
55.14 + 28.44
83.58° " 83.6°
R=
771 N A 83.6°
Ans.
------- -,---~~
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.
2-17* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-17.
y 800lb
Fig. P2-17
SOLUTION
From Eq, 2-1: R2 12
=
=
=
F- ? F2 + . 2F 1 F 2 cos ~ +2 ~1 1 750
2
+ 800
+ 2(750)(800) cos 1050
Rl2
944.41 lb ~ 944 lb
From Eq. 2-2:

{31 = sin -1
F2 sin Rl2
~1
= sin
-1
800 sin 105 944.41
WIt - - - - - - -
-"j1: R
r
54.91
Similarly:
R2
=
= = =
-----~---1~,-)b-X Cioo
F! + R~2 + 2F3Rt2 cos
~2
/:
= 9002 + 944.412 + 2(900)(944.41)

R
cos 84.91°
1361.15 lb ~ 1361 Ib sin sin

-1
Rl2
sin ~2
R
{32
-1
944.41
sin 84.91 1361.15
= 43.72°
R=
1361 Ib ~ 43.7°
Ans.

2-18* Determine the magnitude of the resultant and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-18.
I
40kN
SOkN
7SkN
.t
Fig. P2-18
SOLUTION R!Z
F! + F~ + 2F1Fz
75
Z
cos ~1 cos
=
=
+ 50Z + 2(75)(50)
9!
70°
R1Z = 103.39 kN
{31
103.4 kN
~1
sin
-1
F2 sin
R12
= sin
-1
50 sin 70 103.39
27.03°
R -4ol<N
Similar ly:
~ 2 = 40° + (70
0 -
(3 )
1
=
RZ
~OO + (700 - 27.03°) R!z + F~ +

2
82.97°
~2
=
=
2R1ZF3 Z
cos
--------X
cos 82.97°
~7.o3
= 103.39
R
+ 40
+ 2(103.39)(40)
115.33 kN ~ 115.3 kN
-1
-1
{3z
= sin
F3 sin
R
~2
sin
-10 sin 82.97°
115.33
20.13°
R=
115.3 kN ~ 67.2°
Ans.
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS. 2nd. Ed.

2-19 Determine the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-19.
2S kip
Fig. P2-19
SOLUTION
(P
1
?
= = =
__ 0
fn
+ 80° = 155°
R;z
R
lZ
F2 +
1 ,)_2
.... ::J
FZ + 2FIF2 cos 2
?
~1
+ 60~ + 2 (25) (60)
cos 155
, , ,
38.81 kip ~ 38.8 kip sin sin

-1
@.---)(.
f\ =
=
F2 sin <P1
Rl2
-1
60 sin 155
38.81
= 139.20-
Similar Lv :
HZ
=
= = =
FZ + 3
50
2
. 12
R2
+ 2F 3 R 12 cos 1> 2
2
+ 38.81
+ 2(50)(38.11) cos 110.80° 51.3 kip

,
51. 27 kip
f:!!
{3z
SIn
-1
F3
sin 1>2
R
So kip
"
"
/'
- - - - - - - RlZ.
\
\@t.
------
-----~
~4J. '20
= sin e
-1
50 sin 110.80°
51. 27
65.74
{31 -
75 + {32
139.20 - 75 + 65.74
129.94° ~ 129.9°
R=
51.3 kip ~ 50.1°
Ans.


y 7S0N
lOON
Fig. P2-20
SOLUTION
From Eq. 2-1: 2 R12
7S0N
= = =
2 F2 + F2 + 2FIF2 cos ~1 1 2 2 500 + 750 + 2(500)(750) 786.38 N

Q!
cos 105°
R12
786 N
From Eq. 2-2: 131 = sin = sin Similarly: sin ~1 -1 F2 Rt2

-1
750 sin 105° = 67.11° 786.38
,
I I I
R~
1\ ,
R2
= = =
F~ + R~2 + 2F3R12 cos ~2
100
+ 786.382 + 2(100)(786.38)
cos 172.89° )ooN,
687.26 N ~ 687 N
-1
(32 = sin
R12
sin ~2
R
= sin
-1
786.38 sin 172.89° 687.26
171.86° 81. 86°

!ill
e=
13 2 - 90°
171.86° - 90°
81. 9°
687 N ~ 81.9°
Ans.

2-21* Determine the magnitude of the re~ultant Rand thp angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-21.

y
Fig. P2·21
SOLUTION
From Eq. 2-1 : R12

2
= =
F2 + F2 + 2F1F2 cos (/I 2 1 1 lO.~
15
2(10)(15) cos 50'.'
R12
= 22.76 kip ~ 22.8 kip
From Eq. 2-2:

fi1 = sin
-1
(P F2 sin 1
R12
'20 'K'P
.....
,,
= sin
-1
15 sin 50° = 30.32° 22.76
Similar Iv :
~"2 =
R 222
145
R12
~ 1-'1
=
+
2
145
30.32°
.2
114.6H~ ~ 114.7°
= =
+
2
F3
2R12F3
cos
22.76
+ 20
+ 2(22.76)(20)
cos 114.68°
23.19 kip ~ 23.2 kip

-1
fi2 = SIn
F3 sin
R
</1
2
o
= e=
sin
f11
-1
20 sin 114.6S 23.19
= 51. 60
f3z - 100
30.32° + 51.60
- 10°
71.92° ~ 71.9° 23.2 kip ~ 71.9° Ans •
.so
R=

2-22* Determine the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-22.
Fig."P2-22
SOLUTION
From Eq , 2-1 :
R~2 = F~ + F~ + 2FIF2 cos ~1
R12
= =
350
+ 600
+ 2(350)(600)
cos 120
522.02 N ~ 522 N
From Eq. 2-2:

(11
= =
sin sin
-1
F2 sin <Pl
R12
R ..." ..
0
-1
600 sin 120 522.02
= 84.50
,,
I
,....,_ __ --. ~t. 8~.SO , ----'X ,
Similarly:
ss« N
<P2 R2
=
= =
180
((11 _30°) = 180° - (84.50° - 30°) = 125.50°
R~2 + F! + 2R12F3 cos <P2

522.02
2
+ 500
+ 2(522.02}(500)
cos 125.50
R = 468.37 (12
;:
N ~ 468 N
F3 sin <P2
R
sin sin
-1
-1
500 sin 125.50° = 60.35° 468.37
e -""1 -a
+ ""2 0
84.50° + 60.35°
144.85° ~ 144.9°
R=
SI
468 N ~ 35.1°
Ans.
ENGINEERING MECHANICS 2-23
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

y
Determine the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-23.
Fig. P2-23
SOLUTION
...500
...
.. .. .. lb
From Eq. 2-1: R~2 = F~ + F~ + 2F1F2 cos ~1
_'l......
@.":::-.__ __
I
__
.. ... ..
...~ n')2.
;/
-)(.
I I
=
R12
700
500
+ 2(700)(500)
cos 95°
'700}b
=
=
824.01 lb ~ 824 lb
From Eq. 2-2:

fJ 1
. -1 SIn
-1
FZ sin 1>1 500 sin 95° 824.01
sin
= =
37.19°
3so1b
... --
Similarly:
•= Z R=
Z
180° - (f] R!2 + 824.01
35°)
180° - (37.19° - 35°,
F: +
2
QS
2R12F3 cos $2
2
+ 350
+ 2(824.01){350)
cos 177.81°
R = 474.45 Ib
474 Ib
i32
= sin = SIn
-1
F3 sin 1>2 R
-1
350 sin 17i.81° = 1.615° 474.45
sz.
474 Ib ~ 3.81°
Ans.


y
lSOkN
40kN
Fig. P2-24
SOLUTION
From Eq . 2-1:
F~ + F~ + 2F1F2 cos
~1
R 12
= =
= =
20
+ 50
+ 2(20)(50) cos 45°
65.68 kN ~ 65.7 kN
From Eq. 2-2:
f3 1
-1
SIn
50 sin 45°
65.68
Similarly:
•2 =
R
222
75°
P1
75° - 32.57°
42.43°
40)(W '
, ,
= =
R12 + F3 + 2R1ZF3 cos $2

65.68
2
+ 40
Q!
+ 2(65.68)(40) cos 42.43°
R = 98.96 kN
99.0 kN
fJz = sin = sin
-1 -1
F3
sin ¢J2
R
40 sin 42.43° = 15.83° 98.96
45° + fJ1 + /32
45° + 32.57° + 15.83°
93.40° 99.0 kN ~ 86.6° Ans.
R=
S3

2-25* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-25.

y
2001b
,oo~
j
":,,;. ~ ~'.; . :
3001b
Fig. P2-25
SOLUTION
e1 = e2 =
e3
<Pl
tan tan
-1 2 -1
= 2 '1 =
T
63.43° 63.43° 26.57

Q
= tan
-1 1
0 -
'2 =
180
63.43° - 63.43°
=
=
53.14°
From Eq. 2-1:

R~2
R12
= =
= =
F~ + F~ + 2F1F2 cos <P1 449.43 lb ~ 449 lb
300
+ 200
+ 2(300)(200)
cos 53.14°
From Eq. 2-2:

~1
sin sin
-1
F2 sin <Pl R12 200 sin 53.14° 449.43
,, ,
I
,"\...........
\ ..
.......
...
-1
500)6 :
20.86°
Similarly:
<P2 R2
= =
90° 2 R12
~1 2
= 90° - 20.86°
2R12F3 2
69.14°
+ F3 +
2
cos
~2
=
R
~2
449.43
+ 500
+ 2(449.43)(500)
cos 69.14°
= =
782.3 Ib ~ 782 lb sin
-1 F3 sin <P2
R +
D
sin-1 500 sin 69.14° 782.3
=
=
36.67° 120.96° ~ 121.0 782 Ib ~ 59.0°

0
8-
e1
"'1
"'2
= 63.43° + 20.86° + 36.67°
R=
Ans.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.

y
2-26* Determine the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-26.
Fig. P2-26
SOLUTION
e=
1
tan tan tan
-1 3 36.87° 4=
-1 2
82
= = =
"1 =
63.43° 21. 80°
.. ..
"'150 N
63.43°
e3
(t>
1
-1
£. 5
180°
36.87°
79.70°
-')(..
From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: R~2 = F~ + F~ + 2F1F2 cos ~1 = 750 R12 2 + 450
2
+ 2(750)(450)
cos 79.70° 'i,:- ..
= = =
941. 11 N ~ 941 N
/31
sin sln
-1
F2 sin
<ttl
I I
R12
-1
".
= =
28.06°
'1 .......
- .. Rrz.
450 sin 79.70° 941.11
']00
N =
93.27°
Similarly: 2 R2 It>
= = =
180°
- e 1 - e3
- f3 1
180° - 36.87° - 21.80° - 28.06°
2 2 R12 + F3 + 2R12F3 cos <tt2 2 2 941.11 + 700 + 2(941.11)(700)

N~
cos 93.27°
R = 1140.4
-1 f32 = sin
1140 N R
F3 sin $2
sin
-1
700 sin 93.27° 1140.4
::
37.79°
e = e1
+ 13 1 + 132
36.87° + 28.06° + 37.79°
ss
= R=
102.72° ~ 102.7° 1140 N ~ 77.3° Ans.
ENGINEERING MECHANICS 2-27
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
Determine the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-27.
Fig. P2-27
SOLUTION
e1
= tan
-1 1
I
1
= 45.00° 18.43°
,
-45
0 ',
,350)b
a2
4>t
-1 = tan tan
-1
:3 = :3
4
e3 =
= 53.13°
45.00° + 18.43° = 63.43°
From Eq. 2-1: R~2 R12
F~ + F~ + 2F1F2 cos ~1 727.36 lb ~ 727 lb
500
+ 350
+ 2(500)(350) cos 63.43°
From Eq. 2-2: 131 = sin

-1
250 )6
F2 sin 4>1 R12 350 sin 63.43° = 727.36
= sin
-1
Similarly:
4>2
- - - - -~ ....- - - - --~ ....... ~-t. -""-.., , R , R,-z,

/
-_
-_
72.64°
....
=
=
=
83 + 45° - 131
53.13° + 45° - 25.49°
222
R12 + F3 + 2R12F3 cos ~2 2 2 727.36 + 250 + 2{727.36)(250) 836.70 lb ~ 837 Ib

-1
cos 72.64°
#2
= e=
sin
F3 sin R
-
~2
. -1 250 sin 72.64° Sln 836.70
16.570°
131 + 132
45°
25.49° + 16.57° - 45.00°
-2.94° 837 lb ~ 2.94° Ans.
R=

SOLUTION
e1 =
El El
2
3
tan tan tan
-1 -1 -1
4 3
= = =
53.13° 11. 31 ° 68.20°
,
- ---
FiR. P2-28
= = = = = =
1 o
5 2
53.)3'
'250 N
--"A
1>1
Z R12
53.13° + 11.31°
64.44°
From Eq. 2-1:

F2 +
1
F2
+ 2FtF2 cos <PI
750
+ 250
+ 2(750)(250)
cos 64.44°
R12
887.02 N ~ 887 N
SOON
......
From Eq. 2-2:

~1
sin sin
-1
FZ sin (P 1
R12
31.1&' ......
......
.. .. ..
=
1>2 =
-1
250 sin 64.44° = 14.730° 887.02
--
.... .... - - _::.~ --)C. -
..
@Z -
Similarly:
-..:r R ,,
, ,
I
e3
e1
2
- ~1 = 68.20° + 53.13° - 14.73° = 106.60°
R),2.
R~2 + F~ + 2R12F3 cos 1>2 + 500

2
= 887.02 R
~2
+ 2(887.02)(500)
cos 106.60()
885.10 N ~ 885 N
-1
= sln
F3 sin tP2
R
= sin
-1
500 sin 106.60() = 32.78° 885.10
= r,
~2
Ell = 14.730° + 32.78° - 53.13° = -5.62°
R=
885 N ~ 5.62°
Ans.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
w.
2-29* Determine the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-29.
SOLUTION
From Eq. 2-1:
,
30°" ....
--cos 50°
3so)b
...... ....
...
= =
R12
F~ + F~ + 2F1F2 cos ~1 2 2 250 + 350 + 2(250)(350) 545.42 lb ~ 545 lb
From Eq. 2-2:
i31
sin ~1 -1 F2 = sin R
(,oolb
I
= sin
-1
350 sin 50° = 29.44° 545.42
R34\~
Similarly: ~2 = 180
0
\, ,
\
,,
, 0
_ 200
30
= 1300
2 2 R34 = F~ + F4 + 2F3F4 cos ~2 2 2 = 300 + 600 + 2(300)(600) R34
,, ,
\
~O __ )(
cos 130°
= = =
467.54 lb ~ 468 lb sin sin

-1
i3z
F4 sin ~2 R34 600 sin 130° 467.54
(33 __ ~_~ __ )(. ""
....
-1
100.56°
......
S8

2-29* (Continued)
~3 = =
&
222
360° - 80° - f3 1 -
P2
360° - 80° - 29.44° - 100.56°

&12
150.00°
= =
+ R31 + 2R12R31
2
COS ~3
545.42
+ 467.54
+ 2(545.42){467.54)
cos
150
= 272.75 Ib ~ 273 Ib
-1 = sin
F31
sin 4>3
R
0
{33
= sin
-1
467.54 sin 150 272.75
= 58.99°
= f31 + {33
9!
30°
=
R=
29.44° + 58.99° 58.4°
30°
= 58.43°
273 Ib ~ 58.4°
Ans.

2-30 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle e between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-30.

500N
Fig. P2-30
SOLUTION
'750 )4.
~1 =
90° + 30° - 35° : 85°
From Eq. 2-1: R~2
= =
=
F~ + F~ + 2FIF2 cos 600

2
~1
+ 7502 + 2(600)(750)
!Ii£
cos 85°
.... 400
..
,,
..
R12
1000.47' N
1000 N
____ .1&.1.,0 ~
~ ~~
500
From Eq. 2-2:

fJ 1
=
=
sin sin
-1
F2 sin
R12
4>1
--
""
l?)~
,
4IiIL
II
- - - - - - - - - -~
"
R)23
-1
750 sin 85° = 48.31° 1000.47
Similarly:
R~Z3
=
=
:
R~2 + F~ + 2R13F3 cos ~2 1000.47

2
+ 500
+ 2(1000.47)(500)
cos 113.31°
R123
fJz
924.69 N ~ 925 N
sin
-1
F3 sin R
123
~2
SIn
. -1
500 sin 113.31° 924.69 : 29.77°
~o
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-30 (Continued)

~3
= = =
90° + 30° + 35° +
~1
~2
155° + 48.31° - 29.77°
173.54
R2
=
R
R:23 + F! + 2R123F4
924.69
2
cos
~3
cos
+ 4002 + 2(924.69)(400)
;w
173.54°
= = =
529.15 N
-1
529
.o4ooN
f33
sin sin
-00
F4 sin <P3
R
-1
400 sin 173.54° 529.15
=
-
4.88°
-,
-------')C.
31..7[0
e=
__ 0
+ f31
~2
f33
29.77° 4.88°
@~
= =
__ 0
-00
+ 48.31°
0
-41.34
Q!
-41.3° Ans.
R=
529 N ~ 41.3°
1.1

2-31* Determine the magnitudes of the u and v components of the 750-1b force shown in Fig. P2-31.
Fig. P2-31
SOLUTION
From the law of sines: Fu sin 35° Fu FV
:::
..1;, ....
750 sin 100°
:::
:::
Fv SIn 45°
)GO
:::
... <.
,, ,,'
750 sin 100° 750 sin 100°
3j_......
:-'IS·
._... ..,
.-l\S0 .....rts«
lb
"
SIn 35° sin 45°
437 lb 539 lb
:::
:::
, Fu....
2-32* Determine the magnitudes of the u and v components of the lOOO-N force shown in Fig. P2-32.
V \
-,
=»: \/~D
\ -------1
Fig. P2·32 /,0\
lOOON
-------u
)000
SOLUTION
From the law of sines: F
u
:::
1;,
Fv sin 50° sin 80° sin 50°
sin 80° Fu Fv
:::
1000 sin 50°

:::
- __ -_ - - -if.
/9°\
o jo
1000 sin 50° 1000 sin 50°
;I'
SOo
'
\
\
\
1286 N 1000 N
SOo,,
:::
:::
Fl.l..
~'2.
ENGINEERING 2-33
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

V \ \ \ \ \
Determine the magnitudes of the u and v components of the 850-1b force shown in Fig. P2-33.
\7S~~ ",...... ' ,

\
'..
.... '
,...
...
30"
l.
\"
• 8.501b
fig. P2-33
SOLUTION From the law of sines: Fu sin '75 Fu

F
v
0
F u,
\ \
v
0
sin 30
= = =
850 sin 75° 850 lb 440 Ib
850 sin 75° 850 sin 75°
- 30° --:"S'.-.\ - 3~ .." 7So

7S~ " ...
" .... " " "
850
)b
sin 75° sin 30°
Fv
I
2-34
Determine the magnitudes of the u and v components of the 1500-N force shown in Fig. P2-34.
I~
(-~--------.
1.500N
fi~ P2-34
SOLUTION From the law of sines:

F
u
,....~~ __
1500 sin 60° 1673 N 1225 N
sin 75°
F
u
sin 45° sin 75° sin 45°
= = =
?S~
"'15'0
,
,
.... f\l.
,
I
I I I
= =
1500 sin 60° 1500 sin 60°
Fv
Fv
1.3
I. 0 ------- -450 !!IlL,' )s 00 N ---;:,

2-35* Two forces rand' u
v
are applied
R=6001b
to a bracket as shown in Fig. P2-35. The resultant R of the two forces has a magnitude of 600 lb. and the angle between the line of action of the resultant and the y-axis is 28°. Determine the magnitudes of forces' 11 and P' v .
fig. P2-35
SOLUTION
From the law of sines:
F
u
1..00
)6
sin 65°
F
u
sin 29°
600
sin H6°
= =
600
sin 86°
600
( sin 3-° = 545 Ib
SIn 86°
sin 29° = 292 lb
2-36*
Two forces rand u
rv
are applied
to a circular plate as shown in Fig. P2-36. The resultant R of the two forces has a magnitude of 900 N. and the angle between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis is 30°. Determine the magnitudes of forces F and , .
u v
fig. P2-36
SOLUTION
From the law of sines:
F
u
= ----
900
Fu
F
__ 9~O~0 sin iSo __ . __ 0 SIn Ii) sin 75° sin 30°
=
=
900 N
466 N
.,
= -~'--900
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-37 Two ropes are used to tow a boat upstream as shown in Fig. P2-37. The resultant R of the rope forces Pu and' v has a magnitude of 400 lb and its line of action is directed along the axis of the boat. Determine the magnitudes of forces Pu and Pv . SOLUTION
F
u

./
U
-,
<,
Fig. P2·37
'v
sin 40°
F
u
Fv sin 30°
400 sin 110°

400
400 sin 110° 400 sin 110°
ll,
sin 40° = 274 lb sin 30° = 213 lb
Fv =
2-38
Two cables are used to support a stoplight as shown in Fig. P2-38. The resultant R of the cable forces Pu and' v has a magnitude of 1350 N and its line of action is vertical. Determine the magnitudes of forces' u and'. v
uRI
-,
i;~
jF.
Fip. Pl-J8
.1
SOLUTION
F
u
= 1350
sin 36.87°
F F
u
1350 = _--=-:....;....;---sin 45° sin 98.13°

v
,,
..,
= =
sin 98.13° 1350 sin 98.13°
sin 36.87° = 818 N sin 45° = 964 N
~5
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.

y
2-39* Two forces ~ u and rare v

applied to a bracket as shown in Fig. P2-39. If the resultant R of the two forces has a magnitude of 725 lb and a direction as shown on the figure, determine th~ magnitudes of forces' u and Pv .
Fig. P2-39
SOLUTION
F
u
sin 47,73° Fu =
F
sin 82.88°
=
Q
725 sin 49.39°
725 sin 49.39° 725 sin 49.39°
sin 47.73
= =
707 Ib 948 lb
sin 82.88°
fv
2-40* Two forces , u and rare v applied to a bracket as shown in Fig. P2-40. If the resultant R of the two forces has a magnitude of 375 N and a direction as shown on the figure, determine the magnitudes of forces Fu and Fv .
R .. 37SN
Fig. P2-40
SOLUTION
v 375 = _......;:;..:.....:;_-= ----sin 42.27° sin 70.35° sin 67.38°
u
"37SN
F
375 sin 67.38° 375 sin 67.38°
sin 70.35° = 383 N sin 42.27° = 273 N
I.,
ENGINEERING 2-41
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
A 2000-1b force is resisted by two pipe struts as shown in Fig. P2-41. the component Determine
8
of
the force along the axis of strut AB and the component'

v
of
the force along the axis of strut BC.

Fig. P2·41
SOLUTION From the law of sines:

F
u
sin 45°
sin 60° sin 45°
= =
2000 sin 75°
.... ,
B
I
,=
u
Fu
2000 sin 75°
1464 lb
Ans ,
I
1464 lb ~ 60° 2000 sin 75° 1793 Ib sin 60°

1IJ,
,,
If\,
,,
I
I I
Fv
= =
1793 lb
Ans ,
II'v
45°
ENGINEERING 2-42
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.
A 750-N force is resisted by two pipe struts as shown in Fig. P2-42. Determine the component
c
F=750
of
the force along the axis of strut AC and the component' strut BC.
v
of the
force along the axis of
r" ,;""'; .;':
.;', ..,...'....'..'::.~ ...

Fig. P2-42
SOLUTION From the law of sines: Fu sin 63.43° Fu
Fv sin 45°
750 sin 71. 57°
750 sin 71. 57°

A
sin 63.43°
707 N
7SoW
F. u = 707 N
F
v
45°
sin 45°
Ans ,
= =
750
sin 71. 57°
559 N
\ \
Fv
559 N ~ 63.4°
Ans ,
"

2-43* Three forces are applied to a bracket as shown in Fig. P2-43. The magnitude of the resultant If the force
y
R
of the
three forces is 5000 lb. has a magnitude of 3000 lb, determine the magnitudes of forces'2 and'3'
'1
'<
Fig. P2-43
SOLUTION
For the system of forces:
$000
\b
R = r1
F2
+' 3
= r 1 + R23
of forces '1:
3000
)b
...
..
From the parallelogram constructed using Rand

2
Y!5000 3000 sin

0::
+ 3000
2(5000)(3000)
cos 75°
5122 lb
=--- =
sin 75°
5122 sin 75°
For the second parallelogram:
f3
= 1=
F2
<X -
24°
<X
74°
= =
34.45 74
24 = 10.45°
34.45 5122
39.55°
sin 1 F2 = F3
F3 sin f3 5122
sin 130° 5122 sin 130 5122 sin 130

0 0
sin 130 5122
sin 1 = sin f3
sin 39.55
4257.5 Ib ~ 4260 Ib
Ans. Ans.
sin 130
sin 10.45
= 1212.7 Ib ~ 1213 Ib
'"

2-44 A gusset plate is used to transfer forces from three bars to a beam as shown in Fig. P2-44. The magnitude of the resultant
of the three If
forces is 5000 N.
the force has a magnitude of 1000 N, determine the magnitudes of forces '2 and
'1
'3'
Fig. P2-44
SOLUTION
For the system of forces:
From the parallelogram of forces constructed using Rand '1:
R23
1000 --:
11000
+ 5000
2(1000)(5000)
cos 50°
4424
R23
sin a
sin 50°
-1
4424 sin 50°
sin
1000 sin 50 ° 4424
9.970
For the second parallelogram:
fl = 25° - a = 25 - 9.97
'I
=
F2
20° + a F3
20 + 9.97
= =
0
15.03° 29.97
0
--sin fl F2
sin 1 4424
0
4424 sin 135
= =
sin 135 4424 sin 135
sin fl
4424 sin 135° 4424 sin 135°
sin 15.03
= =
1622 N
Ans.
F3
sin 1 =
sin 29.97
3125 N
Ans.
70
ENGINEERING MECHANICS 2-45* Determine
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

y

y
the x and
scalar
components of the force shown in Fig. P2-45.

F::: 800 lb
~ Fig. P2·45
SOLUTION Fx
F
y
= =
F cos $ x F sin
= ex =
800 cos 30° 800 sin 30°
= =
692.8 lb 400 Ib
9!;
693 lb
Ans. Ans.
2-46* Determine
the x and y scalar
y
F= 1650 N
Fig. P2·46
SOLUTION Fx
= =
F cos Elx
= = =
1650 cos (90° - 25°)
= 1650 cos 65°

Fy
=
_
697.3 N 25°)
£it
697 N
Ans.
F sin $ x
0 1650 sin (90
1650 sin 65° = 1495.4 N
Qj
1495 N
Ans ,
71

2-47 Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-47.

y
F = 27S Ib
~--~----------x Fig. P2-47

SOLUTION
)(
Fy
= =
F cos $ F Sln
= e )( =
)(
275 cos 57°

275 sin 57°
= =
149.98 Ib " 150.0 Ib 230.6 Ib ~ 231 Ib
Ans. Ans.
2-48
Determine the x and in Fig. P2-48.
scalar
components of the force shown
-,.
Fig. P2-48
SOLUTION
F )(
cos
e
e
)(
F sin
)(
= = =
325 cos {90 + 48 ° } -325 cos 42°
= =
241.5 N " 242 N
Ans.
325 sin (90 + 48°) 217.4 N ~ 217 N Ans.
= 325 sin 42°
72

y
2-49* Determine
the x and y scalar
--------
22D
---I I I t I I
.t
F =475 Ib
Fig. P2·49
SOLUTION Fx
= =
cos
ex =
475 cos (180° + 22°) -475 cos 22°
Fy
sin
= ex = =
= =
-440.4 lb
QI!
-440 Ib
Ans.
475 sin (180° + 22°) -475 sin 22° -177.94 Ib ~ -177.9 Ib

Ans ,
2-50* Determine
the x and
scalar
~---~---------x
I
<.
F=200N
Fig. P2·50
SOLUTION
F
x
= =
F cos
ex =
200 cos (-33°) 200 cos 33°
Fy
F sin
= ex = =
167.73 N
Qj;
167.7 N
Ans.
200 sin (_33°) -200 sin 33°
-108.93 N ~ -108.9 N
Ans ,
73
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

y
2-51
Determine
the x and y scalar
L{_,
Fig. P2-51
F=2501b
SOLUTION
F F
x y
= =
F cos
ex =
ax =
250(4/5) 250(3/5)
= 200 lb
Ans. Ans.
F sin
150 lb
2-52
Determine
the x and y scalar
'~~~'------JC
Fig. P2-52
SOLUTION
Fx
Fy
= =
F cos $x F sin
= ex =
10(-1115) 10(2/{5)
= =
-4.472 kN ~ -4.47 kN
8.944 kN ~ 8.94 kN
Ans. Ans.
2-53* Determine the x and y scalar

k------JI
f~
I
I
F .. 300lb
Fig. P2-S3
SOLUTION
F
x
= F cos
ax =
300(2//5) 300(-1/(5)
=
=
268.3 lb ~ 268 lb
Ans. Ans.
Fy
F sin
ex =
-134.16 lb ~ -134.2 lb
'11
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
w. F.
RILEY AND L. D. STURGES
2-54* Determine components
the x and y scalar of the force shown
in Fig. P2-54.
--------F
,I
= 675 N
I I I I
Fig. P2-S4
SOLUTION Fx Fy
= =
F cos F SIn
ex = ex =
675(-5/(29) 675(-2/129)
= =
-626.7 N -250.7 N
Q!:
-62'7 N -251 N
Ans. Ans.
Q!:
2-55* For the force shown in Fig. P2-55 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form.
F .. l0001b
Fig. P2-SS
SOLUTION (a) F xy
F
F
z
x
(b)
,=
y
= = = =
F cos <P F sin <P

F
xy
xy
= =
1000 cos 25°
1000 sin 25°
= =
906.3 Ib 422.6 Ib ~ 423 Ib Ans. Ans. Ans.

Ans ,
cos sin
~
1
e= e=
906.3 cos 130° 906.3 sin 130°
= =
-582.6 Ib 694.2 Ib
Q!:
Q£
-583 Ib 694 lb
-583
+ 694
+ 423 k
'IS
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
2-56* For the force shown in Fig. P2-56 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (h) Express the force in Cartesian vector form.
L 60°...... T 350 ----__ -......
i-:
-"--.::-.,v
....... I, I~
F .. 900N
-y
Fig. P2-56
SOLUTION (a) F xy
F
z
= = = =
F cos til
900 cos 35°
= =
737.2 N 516.2 N
;t
F SIn 1> = 900 sin 35° F xy cos e F xy sin
516 N
Q£
Ans. Ans. Ans.

Ans ,
Fx
F
( b) v
= e=
737.2 cos 60° = 368.6 N 737.2 sin 60°
369 N
638.4 N " 638 N
,=
369 t + 638
1+
516
2-57
For the force shown in Fig. P2-57 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (hI Express the force in Cartesian vector form.
y
~
F .. 750 Ib
Fig. P2-57
SOLUTION
(a)
F xy
F F
z x
= = = =
F F F
cos 1> sin 1>

xy
750 cos (-42°)
557.36 lh
Q£
cos
Fy (b)
F xy sin -335
= 750 sin (_42°) = -501.8 Ib e = 557.36 cos (180° _ 53°) = e = 557.36 SIn (180° 53°) =
445
-502 Ib -335.4 Ih
Q£
Ans. -335 Ib Ans. Ans.

Ana,
445.1 Ih ~ 445 Ib
P=
1+
1-
502
Ib
7'
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-58 For the force shown in Fig. P2-58 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form.

F =475 N
I I I I I I I I
I
I
300
I I
<>:
~...
/ 37°~
-- ----=-~ ;
L"
]C
---
--7
"
Fig. P2-58
SOLUTION (a) F xy Fz Fx
= =
cos tP
=
=
475 cos 60° 475 sin 60°
=
=
237.5 N 411.4 N
!IIi
F sin tP F xy cos
Fxy
411 N
9i: !IIi
Ans. -142.9 N -189.7

N
(b)
= Fy = r=
sin
e= e=
237.5 cos (-127°) = -142.93 N 237.5 sin (-127°) = -189.68 N
Ans. Ans. Ans.
-142.9 i - 189.7 j + 411 i N
2-59* For the force shown in Fig. P2-59 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector for••
Fig. P2-59
SOLUTION
(a)
Ix
y2
z2'
/(6)2
+ (10)2
(8)2'
14.142 Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans.
Fx Fy Fx (b) ,
=
= =
=
F cos F cos F cos
ex =
ey
600 (14.~42) 600 t14~~42)

600
=
=
254.6 Ib ~ 255 Ib 424.3 lb ~ 424 Ib 339.4 Ib

!IIi
ez =
(14.~42) + 339 i
339 Ib
255 i + 424
7'1
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.

F=21 kN
2-60* For the force shown in
Fig. P2-60 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form.
Fig. P2-60
SOLUTION
(a)
= = = =
I
F
y2
+ z2 21 21
(_1)2
(_2)2
+ (3)2
3.742
Fx
F
F
y
F cos cos
ex = ey = ez =
b~;42) (3~;42)
= =
-5.612 kN ~ -5.61 kN -11.224 kN ~ -11.22 kN
Ans. Ans. Ans.

Ans ,
F cos
(b)
21 (3.~42) = 16.836 kN ~ 16.84 kN
= - 5.61 1 - 11.22
J+
16.84
kN
2-61
For the force shown in Fig. P2-61 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form.
F= 1S001b
t I I
_ iz n
~-_-.L/
17ft
--------..j --------/
:
y
;4ft
Fig. P2-61
SOLUTION
(a)
d
F
x
~_4)2
+ (12)2 + (7)2
1209
14.457 lb ~ -415 Ib
fl!
F F
y
x
= = =
F cos F cos F cos
ex = ey = ez =
1500(-4/1209) 1500(12/1209) 1500(7/1209)
= =
-415.03
Ans. Ans. Ans.

Ans .
1245.09 Ib 726.30 Ib
Q;;
1245 Ib
= X
726 Ib
(b)
r=
-415 1 t 1245
+ 726
Ib
78
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-62 For the force shown in Fig. P2-62 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (h) Express the force in Cartesian vector form.

z
~----
/ 1m
/:",~_1.5m
-~==~" J!
I I
I
~"--+-~
I I
-Y
12•75m
I I I I
I
F=62SN
Fig. P2·62
SOLUTION (a) d Fx
F
y
;(_1)2 + (1.5)2 + (-2.75)2'= 3.2882

F
=
=
cos
F cos F cos
ax = ay = az
625(-1/3.2882) 625(1.5/3.2882)
= =
-190.07 N 285.1 N
IilIIi
IilIIi
-190.1 N 285 N
IilIIi
Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans.
Fz
=
=
= 625(-2.75/3.2882) = -192.82 N
-192.8 N
(h) ,
-190.1 i + 285
1-
192.8 i N
77

2-63* Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Fig. P2-63. (a) Determine the x, y. and z scalar components of force
Pl'
(b) Express force (c) Determine
'1
in
Cartesian vector form. the angle a between forces
'1 and '2'

=
~_6)2
y
.t
Fig. P2-63
SOLUTION
(a)
d1
F
= .; = = = = =
• 2 2 /2 x2 + Yl + z 1 cos cos
• + (3)2 + (7)2
9.695 ft Ans. Ans. Anso
Ix
Fl
e 1x = e ly = e lz =
900 (9~~95) 900 (90~95J 900 (9.~95)
= = =
-556.99 Ib ~ -557 Ib 278.49 Ib ~ 278 Ib 649.82 Ib ~ 650 Ib .... .... + 278 J + 650 i Ib
Fly
Fl
F lz
Fl cos
(b)
Fl
Fix
.... 1 + FlY J + Ftz i
-557
3
Ans.
(e)
d2
~x~
+ y~ + z~ +
~(_6)2 + (6)2 + (3)2
9.00 ft
ez
....
-6.... = -g 1 9.695
-6....
6.... 3e J +9I
3....
=-
27
2.... 1e J +3I
+ 9.695 J + 9.695
cos a = 81- 82 = (a
9.~95J (- ~J + (9.~95) (~J + (9.~95) (i) = 0.8595

0
30.73 ~ 30.7
Ans ,
80
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-64* Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Fig. P2-64. (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of force'1 • (b) Express force '1 in Cartesian vector form. (c) Determine the angle a between forces '1 and '2' SOLUTION (a) dt F1x F1y
Ftz
= = = = =
Ix~
2 + Yl + zi.= ~5)2 + {_3)2 + (1) 1 . 2
5.916 m Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans.
F1 cos
e 1x =
30 (5.~16) 30(5~~16) 30 (5.~16)
25.35 kN
QI
25.4 kN
F1 cos 81y F1 cos
= =
-15.213 kN ~ -15.21 kN 5.071 kN

QI
e 1z =
5.07 kN
(b) (c)
'1 d2 .... ....
F1x i + F1y j + F1z £ /x~

2
25.4 1- 15.21 j + 5.07 i kN
=
= =
+ Y2 + z2
...
1
/(2)2 + (_3)2 + (2)2 2
4.123 m
e2
4.123
+ 4.123 J + 4.123
-3....
81
5 -3.... 1i 5.916 i + 5.916 J + 5.916
cos
(X
... = 81'
82
= (5.~16) (4.~23) = 0.8609
(5~~16)(4~~23) t (5.!16) (4.~23)

(X
30.58 " 30.6°
Ans.
81
-~----.-------.
..
ENGINEERING 2-65
MECHANICS
- STATICS~
2nd. Ed.
Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Fig. P2-65. (a) Determine the x, y, and of z scalar components force (b) Express
'2'
force
Cartesian (c) Determine component of force SOLUTION (a)

d
vector form. the magnitude of force
'2
in
of the rectangular
along the line of action
'1'
'2
x Fig. P2-65
= = = = =
Ix~
, + Yz + Zz
2 2
= t( -6) z = = =
,
+ {6)2 + (3)2 -466.7 Ib
IjlE'
9.00 ft
Ans •
F2x
FZy Fzz (b) Fl
F2 cos F2 cos Fl cos
e 2x = e 2y = e 2z =
700 (-~) 700 (~) 700 (~)
-467 lb
466.7 lb 233.3 lb
a!
467 lb 233 lb
Ans. Ans.
a!
F2x i + F2y
1+
Flz i
-466.7 i + 466.7
1+
233.3 i lb
Ans .
~ -467 i + 467
+ 233 i Ib
(c)
d1
,..., 8
t
= =
Ix~
+ Y1 +
z
Zt
I( -6) 2 +
(3) 2 + (7)2
9.695 ft
Fn
,.
2
-6 3 7 i 9.695 1 + 9.695 J + 9.695

A.
-466.7 (9~~95) + 466.7 (9.~95) + 233.3(9.~95) 601.7 lb

Iii!!
602 lb
Ans ,
82
ENGINEERING 2-66
MECHANICS
- STATICS,
2nd. Ed.
Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Fig. P2-66. (a) Determine force 1'2' (b) Express force 1'2 in Cartesian (c) Determine vector form. the magnitude the x, y, and
z scalar components of
of the rectangular component of force of force SOLUTION

(a)
along the line of action
'1'
'z
Fig. P2-66
d2
=
=
xz
Z i II I( + yz + z2 __ 2) z+ (_ 3 )z + (2) i
4.123 m Ans. kN Ans. Ans.
Fz cos e 2x = 50(4.~23)
F2 cos
= 24.25 kN ~ 24.3 kN
e 2y = =
50 (4~i23J 50
= =
-36,38
kN ~ -36.4
(4. i23)
i
24.25 kN ~ 24.3 kN
(b) F2
F2x 1 + F2y
+ F2~
24.25 1 - 36.38
+ 24.25 i kN
~ 24.3 i - 36.4
J =
+ 24.3
kN
Ans ,
(c) dt ....
81
=
=
~x~ 5.... 5.916
+ Y~ + z~
1
~5)z + (_3)2 + (1}2
5.916 m
-3.... 1 r.: + 5.916 J + 5.916 .. 24.25(5.~16) - 36.38(5~~16)
Fn
= F2, 81 =
+ 24.25(5.~16)
Ans ,
43.04 kN " 43.0 kN
83

2-67* Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle 8
x

y F[;; 500 Ib
between the line
of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-67.
."_-~"------,1"
»:
=
F2=3751b
Fig. P2-67
SOLUTION
Rx
F1 F1
cos 81 +
F2
cos 82
500 cos 60° + 375 cos 30°
574.8 lb 620.5 Ib
Ans , Ans .
Ry =
R= !R:
e=
tan
sin 81 + Fz sin 82 = 500 SIn 60° + 375 sin 30° + Ry

Z
= =
!t574.8)2 tan
-1
+ (620.5)
845.8 lb ~ 846 Ib 47.2°
-1
.s.
Rx
620.5 574.8
47.19°
Q!

x
between the line
Fig. P2-68
SOLUTION
Rx Ry
=
=
Fl
Fl
cos 81 + F2 cos 82 sin 81 + F2 sin 82
400 cos 60° + 300 cos 45° 400 sin 60° + 300 sin 45°
=
=
412.1 N 134.28 N
Ans ,
R= 8
!R:
+ Ry
= /(412.1)2
+ (134.28)2 = 433.4 N
(;!Ii
433 N
= tan
-1
.s:
R
x
tan
-1
134.28 18.048° ~ 18.05° 412.1 =
Ans.
8i
ENGINEERING 2-69
MECHANICS
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed. R

y
Determine angle
the magnitude
of the resultant and the
ex
between the line
Fl
= 6RO III
F,
"~"V./_~_2
Fig. P2-69
---x
SOLUTION Rx Ry R
= =
=
Fl cos
e1 e1
2
+ F2 cos + Fz sin
IR~
tan
Fl sin
e2 = e2 =
2
450(-4/5) + 680(1115) 450(3/5) + 680(2/15) + (878.21)2
= =
-55.89 lb 878.21 lb Ans. Ans.

'&
+ Ry
1(-55.89)
-1
879.99 Ib ~ 880 lb
ex
-1
.s. = R
tan
878.21 -55.89
93.64° ~ 93.6°
it = 880 Ib
2-70 Determine angle the magnitude R between the line
86.4°
Ans.
of the resultant and the
ex
x Fig. P2-70
SOLUTION Rx
R
y
= =
cos e 1 + F 2 cos
Fl sin
e 1 + F2 sin
R2
y
e2 = e2 =
160(-1/{5)
+ 180(4/5)
72.45 N
160(2/{5) + 180(3/5) = 251.11 N •
R = /R:
+
-1
= ~72.45)2 tan
-1
+ {251.11)2
261. 35 N ~ 261 N
Ans ,
ex
= tan
.x = R
251.11 73.91° ~ 73.9° 72.45 =
Ans.
NA
it = 261
73.9°
Ans.
85
-_._--_--
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS

y
2-71* Determine
the magnitude
of the resultant and the angle 8 x between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-71.
Fig. P2-71
SOLUTION & x = F1 cos 8 1 + F2 cos 82 + F3 cos 83
= 600 cos 60° + 700 cos 15° + 800 cos 30° = 1669.0 lb
R
y
= F 1 sin 81 + F2 sin 82 + F3 sin 83
=
R
600 sin 60° + 700 sin 15° - 800 sin 30°
300.8 Ib 1696 Ib Ans. Ans.
/R:
+ &2 = /(1669.0)2 y
+ (300.8)2 = 1695.9 lb
iii!
liiII
= tan
& -1 300.8 -1 J. 10.217° = tan 1669.0 = R

x
10.22°
= 1696 Ib A 10.22°
Ans.
8'
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-72* Determine the magnitude R

of the resultant angle 8
x

y
and the
between the line
of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-72.
:
I I I
I
,r
rx···
45·
F]= 12kN
14kN
Fig. P2-72
SOLUTION
R
x
Fl cos 8 1
0
F2
cos 82
t
0
F3
cos 83
0
= 11 cos 75
R
y
+ 14 cos 30
+ 12 cos 45
F3
23.46 kN
= F1
SIn
1
0
+ F2 sin 8 2 +
+ 14 sin 30
.' 2
0
sin
e3
0
= 11 sin 75 R=
8
12 SIn 45
= 9.140 kN Ans. Ans.

A
/R:
-1
+
R
R2
= 1(23.46) = tan
-1
+ (9.140)2 = 25.18 kN ~ 25.2 kN

~
= tan
.s.
0 9.140 21. 29 23.46 =
21. 30
R = 25 .2 kN
21. 3
Ans ,
87
ENGINEERING 2-73
MECHANICS
w.
Determine
the magnitude
of the resul t arrt and the angle $x between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-73.
SOLUTION
Rx
F1 cos
a1 a1
F2
cos
a2 e2
+ F3 cos
$3
=
Ry
300(-1) + 800 cos 60° + 750 cos 33° F1 sin
=
= =
729.00 lb
= = =
F2
sin
+ F3 sin
300(0) + 800 sin 60° - 750 sin 33° /R: tan -1
284.34 Ib 782.49 Ib
!ill
+
R
R2
/( 729. 00) 2 + (284.34)2 tan -1 284.34 729.00
782 Ib
Ans. Ans.
ax =
.s: = R
x
21.31° " 21. 3°
R=
782 Ib A 21. 3°
Ans.
88
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
- STATICS
2nd. Ed.

y
2-74* Determine the magnitude R

of the resultant angle and the
I(
between the line

FZ=6kN
of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-74.
_____ :~yV
S 7~
I
~_1
--x
I I
SOLUTION R x = Fl cos 91 + F2 cos = 5(-5/{106)

R
y
e2
+ F3 cos 93
+ 6(1/{2) + 7 (-5/{74) = -2.254 kN + Fz sin 92 + F3 sin B3
Fl
sin
e1
= 5(9/1106) + 6(1//2) + 7 (-7/{f4) = 2.917 kN

I
= /R2 x + R2 = ;(-2.254)2 y = tan

-1
+ (2.917)2
3.686 kN ~ 3.69 kN
Ans.
Ans ,
ex
.x
R
x
= tan
-1
2.917 127.69° ~ 127.7° -2.254 =
= 3.69 kN !t. 52.3°
Ans.
87

2-75

y
Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle 8x between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-7S.
Fa,",200lb
--_._--~~J
FJ =400 Ib
Fig. P2-7S
SOLUTION
R
x
= = = =
F1 cos 8 1 + F2 cos 82 + F3 cos 83
-200 cos 30° + 500(4/S} + 400(0)

F1 sin 81 + F2 sin 82 + F3 sin 83
= =
226.79 lb
200 sin 30° + 500(3/5) + 400(-1) Rx tan
0 Ans. Ans. 227 Ib ~ Ans.
R=
8
x
=
-1
226.79 Ib " 227 lb

_J_
R x = tan
-1
.,-2....:26:;.....-1--:-9
R=
-,=-,.

x

y
between the line
of action of the resultant and the x axis for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-76.
Fig. P2·7&
SOLUTION
Rx
= =
=
Fl cos
e1
+ F2 cos 62 + F3 cos
e3
+ F4 cos 64
5(-1) + 6{-1//2 + 8(5/13) + 10(12/13)
=
=
3.065 kN
Fl sin 6 1 + F2 sin e2 + F3 sin 63 + F4 sin 6 4 15.473 kN 15.77 kN Ans. Ans.
= 5(0) + 6( 11/2) + 8(12/13} + 10(5/13)

R
= =
IR~
tan
-1
+ R2 = ~3.065)2 y
R
+ (15.473)2
=
SI!
15.774 kN 78.8°
Q!;
J.. = tan - 1 15.473 R 3.065 x
78.795°
15.77 kN A 78.8°
Ans.
Cfl
~~-.--~.

2-77 Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle
ex
between the line
of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-77.
Fig, P2-77
SOLUTION
Rx
= = = = =
F1
cos
e1
F2
cos
e2
F3
cos 83 +
F4
cos 84
1200(-4/5) - 900 cos 70° + 750 cos 30° + 520(12/13)

F1
-412.82 Ib
Ry
sin 81 + Fz sin 82 +
F3
sin 83 t
F4
sin 84
1200(3/5) + 900 sin 70° + 750 sin 60° + 520{5/13) /R2
2415.24 Ib
x
-1
+ R2 y
R
1'(-412.82)2 + (2415.24)2
-1
2450.27 Ib ~ 2450 Ib
Ans.
Ans.
ex =
tan
_r _
- tan
2415.24 -412.82
=
R=
2450 Ib ~ 80.3°
Ans.
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
2-78* Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles
Fz=20kN
ex , e y
and
ez
between the line
of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and zcoordinate axes for the two
y
forces shown in Fig. P2-78.

Fig. P2-78
SOLUTION R x = F1 cos Ry Rz R
e 1x e 1y e 1z
+
+ F2 cos
+
e 2x
= 10 cos 67° + 20 cos 90° = 3.907 kN 10 cos 90° + 20 cos 60° 10 cos 23° + 20 cos 30°
+
!iii!
= =
F1 cos F1 cos /R:
F2 cos
e 2y =
=
=
•
10.000 kN 26.526 kN
+ F2 cos
R2 z
e 2z =
+ R2 y
=
-1
/(3.907)2
(10.000) 28.6 kN
+ (26.526)2
= 28.62 kN
Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans.
ex = ey =
ez =
cos cos cos
-1
R R R
cos
3.907 82.15° ~ 82.2° 28.62 = 10.00 28.62
-1
-x R
R
= cos
-1
69.55° ~ 69.6° 22.03°

91
-1
cos
-1 26.53 28.62
22.0°
- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.
2-79* Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles
e )( , e y
and
ez
between the line
of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and zcoordinate axes for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-79.
y
Fig. P2·79
SOLUTION Rx
1" = 100 cos 44°

elY
F1 cos
+ F2 cos $2 cos
t
e2
200 cos 53° cos 70°

~2
113.10 Ib
= F1 cos
+ F2 cos
S1n
e2
= 100 cos 90° + 200 cos 53° sin 70°

R
z
:::: ::
113.10 Ib
Fl cos
e1Z
+ Fz sin
$2
100 cos 46° + 200 sin 53° = 229.191b +R

Z Y
R :: !R=
+ R z = ~113.10)2
t Q!
(113.10)2 + (229.19)2 279 Ib

Q!
•
Ans.
=
ex
;:
279.48 Ib
cos cos
-1
x R
;:
cos cos cos
-1
113.10 66.13° 279.48 =
66.1° 66.1°
Ans.
Ans ,
ey = ez
-1
-x
R
;:
-1 113.10 66.13° 279.48 =

-1
Q!
= cos
-1
-x R
;:
229.19 279.48
34.91° ~ 34.9°
Ans.
ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, Znd. Ed. Z-80

Determine the magnitude R of

z
the resultant and the angles
e x , ey ,
and
ez
between the x-, y-, and zy

JC
line of action of the resultant and the positive coordinate axes for the three
forces shown in Fig. PZ-80.
Fig. P2-80
SOLUTION
d
1
/(Z)2
+
2
(_2)2 2
+ (3)2
(f7 yZ9
r;v:;
d2 Rx
f(Z)
F1 F1 F1
+ (3) + (4)
2'
=
= = =
cos cos cos
e1x ety
+ F2 cos
e2X
1Z{Z/II7) + 10(Z/I29) 1Z(-2/117) + 10(3/129)

12(3/117) + 10(4/129)
= = =
9.535 kN -0.250 kN 16.159 kN
Ry
Rz
R
F2
cos
e2y =
et z
y
+ F2 cos
e 2z =
!R:
+ R2 + R2 =
z
I( 9.535) 2 +
18.764 kN 9.535 18.764
!iIf:
(-0.250)2 + (16.159)2 18.76 kN

Ans ,
= ex = ey
cos
-1
Rx R Rx
x
cos
-1
59.46° " 59.4° 90.So 30.6°
Ans.
Ans,
-1 - = cos = cos R
-1
-0.250 90.76° 18.164 = 16.159 18.764
!iIf:
ez =
cos
-1
= cos
-1
30.55°
l¥
Ans.

2-81 Determine the magnitude R of
the resultant and the angles
ex , ey ,
and
ez
between the
line of action of the resultant and the positive X-, y-, and zcoordinate axes for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-81.
y
SOLUTION
dt d2
R
R R
x
1(_2)2 + (_3)2 + (3)2 = (2) 2 + (-4)

2
122
ffg
350(-2/122) + 450(-3/{29) 350(-3/722) + 450(2/729)
= I( -3) 2 +
= =
Ft
cos
e 1)( e 1y e lz
+ F2 cos + F2 cos + F2 cos
e 2x = e 2y = e 2z =
-399.93 Ib -56.73 lb
Ft cos
= Fl cos
350(3/(22) + 450 (-4/{29) = -110.39 lb + (-56.73l

!ilf
/R~
R2 ~ R2 + z y
= =
-1
~-399.93}2 418.75 lb -399.93 418.75 -56.73 418.75 -110.39 418.75
+ (-110.39) 2 Ans.
419 lb
Ii!!
€l
= cos
= cos cos
-1
-x = R -x = R -x = R
R
R
cos cos cos
= =
:=
162.76° 97.79°
Q;
162.8
Ans. Ans. Ans.
ey
-t
-1
97.8°
!ilf
ez =
-1
-1
105.28°
105.3°

Riley&amp Sturges Statics 2nd ch01-06

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I Solutions ManuaUVolume

1$ 2 Chapters 1-6 to Accompany +

JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York Chichester Brisbane

- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

= 5.328 ft/s2 ~ 5.33 ft/s2

Calculate the gravitational on the surface of the sun.

g, in SI units, for a location

6.673(10- )(1.990)(10 °) (6.960(10 )1

ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 1-6*

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3) :

Determine the gravitational the earth.

force, in kips, exerted by the sun on

)(4.095)(10 )(1.364)(10 11 2 [4.908(10 )1

Determine the gravitational earth on the moon.

[3.844(10 )J 20 17 1.984(10 ) N = 1.984(10 )

3.439(10- )(4.095)(10 [2.0925(10 )]2

3.439(10- )(4.095)(10 [2.0856(10 )1

- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

11 m1m2 6.673(10- )(60)(80) G-= 2 (0.600)2 r

7.988 slug 4.623 slug

A satellite is placed in orbit 1.6(106) m abole the surface of the

6.673(10-11}(3.0)(104)(7.350)(1022) [3.338(106)]2 13.21(10

ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

7600[2.090(10 )]2 [6.578(107)]2

woro 8450[6.371(106)]2 2= [26.571(106)]2 rh

- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

9807 N ~ 9.81 kN ) + 6193

9807[{6.371)(10 )]2 [6.377(106)}2

210[2.090(10 )]2 [2.1956(10 )]2

- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

A sp~~e traveler weighs 800 N on efrth.

800 = 9.807 = 81. 57 slug

= 1209.6 N "" 1210

= 81.63 ft/s2 "" 81.6 ft/s2

11 26 6.673(10- )(458.9)(5.S7}(10 ) (6 •00 (109 ) 12

- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

+ 175(5280) = 2.182(10 + 2200(5280)

- STATICS, 2nd. Ed.

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

[5. 976 (1024)

From Table 1-1: Therefore:

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

600 lb 32.17 ft/s2

18.651 slug. kg Ans.

(5 m J (39.37 m in.)3( 361 rd )3 1 In.

"1Iiiiii====;;;;';;';'~""""'''''''''------~~------- .~-~ .. ---~

ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 1-31

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES The engine

An automobile has a 350-in~ engine displacement. displacement, in liters, is?

350 . 31m In. 39.37 in.

5.736 L " 5.74 L

6076 ft) in units of

(500 hectare) (10 m ) [10.76 ft2] [ 1 acre 2] hectare m2 43,560 ft

W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES

SOLUTION (a) Velocity; (1 in.) ( 1m ) s 39.37 in.

0.0254 mls 0.3048 mls 1.609 km/h