Area of a Parallelepiped with sides

: Area of a Parallelogram with

sides : Parametric line from point P to Q: Distance

between vectors Plane from 3 points:

Line from intersecting planes:

) Arc Length: Acceleration

Level Curves Graph for k, 2k, etc. Distance between parallel planes Pick

point P, S on each plane Same for distance from point to plane, just use point as P

or S Directional Derivative

Max change: No change: Min change:

Linearization: find equation of tangent plane and solve for z Error

Where M is the max of the absolute values of the second

derivatives over the region Maxes and Mins To find critical points, set gradient equal to zero

and solve Let

If Saddle
point
If Minimum

If Maximum

Lagrange Multipliers Minimum/Maximum of within a constraint .

Set g equal to 0 Solve. Example: Min of x+y subject to

xy=16
Solve for point (4, 4, 8) Taylor Series

Average Value of a Function Center of Mass

Center of

Balance

Spherical Coordinates

Jacobean

Use to change variables: Line Integrals

Work & Flux (basic definitions)

Conservative Forces If , then F is conservative. Green’s Theorem

Closed path with interior on the left To find area of

a shape Surface Area Surface

Integral is the same, but with a function inside the integral too Flux (in 3D)

Stoke’s Theorem Closed curve

Divergence Theorem Closed surface