GLOSSÁRIO

ÁREA: INSTRUMENTOS DE CORDAS FRICCIONÁVEIS

SUB-ÁREA: VIOLINO

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro

Departamento de Letras / CCE
Curso de Formação de Tradutores Inglês-Português - 2007.1
Disciplina: Terminologia
Professora: Adriana Ceschin Rieche
Agosto de 2007

ALUNOS: FRANÇOIS BAYARD NEVES

HELENA GEORG BENNETT
 TERMO L1 DEFINIÇÃO L1 CONTEXTO L1 TERMO L2 CONTEXTO L2 OBSERVAÇÃO
1. bass bar It is a brace running from “… the proportions of the barra harmônica “... a barra harmônica
(np) the foot of the neck to a present bass bar were more (SN) vibra em ressonância com o
position under the bridge, or less adopted about the tampo...” (S1)
which bears much of the beginning of the last
tension of the strings. century…”

W. Henry Hill & Brothers

2. back The side of the instrument
(n) that is opposite to the top,
being joined to it by the
ribs.
“Antonio Stradivari – His
Life and Work” pag-191
“… the maple of the back fundo “... o tampo e fundo do
of the former instrument is (s.m.) violino são recursos
in one piece…” acústicos incríveis...” (S2)
Strad-pag.66

3. bar A musical measure. “…the illustration, here in compasso "... cada grupo de tempos,
(n) Anna Magdalena Bach’s (s.m.) isto é, cada compasso, é
hand, of bars 23_5, gives separado do seguinte por
almost no bowings…” uma linha..." (S3)

Pleeth-pag.64

4. belly The upper part of the “… it is very rare to find tampo superior “... no tampo superior do top (L1), porém em desuso.
(n) instrument opposite to the curves of the back and belly (SN) violino que é de abeto,
back. of any of his instruments in existem dezenas de anéis...”
exact agreement…” (S4)

Strad-pag.197
5. bow It is a rod having horsehair “… the bow used in arco “... inicialmente abaulado
(n) drawn tightly between its stringed instrument playing (s.m.) para fora, o arco favorecia
two raised ends used in had an outward curve…” as articulações da música
playing stringed barroca...” (S5)
instruments. Pleeth-pag.264

6. bowing The act of playing an “…one cannot talk about arcada “… foram gravadas nove
(n) instrument with a bow. bowing strokes on (s.f.) amostras com opções de
paper…” arcadas diferentes...” (S6)

Pleeth pág. 56

7. brazilwood The tree Caesalpinea “… select octagonal pau-brasil “... François Tourte
(n) echinata from which the brazilwood stick with good (s.m.) projetou o primeiro arco de
bow is made of. weight and balance…” (S9) violino com a madeira do
pau-brasil...” (S7)

8. bridge It is a thin, upright piece of
(n) wood used in stringed
instruments that supports
the strings above the
soundboard.
“…Stradivari’s bridges cavalete “... o cavalete deve ser
were of various designs…” (s.m.) adaptado artesanalmente ao
instrumento...” (S8)
W. Henry Hill & Brothers
“Antonio Stradivari – His
Life and Work” pag-205
9. cello The largest instrument of
(n) the violin family and with a
deeper tone than the viola.
10. chinrest It is a piece used to hold the
(n) violin or viola with the left
side of the jaw.
11. double bass The largest of the stringed
(np) instruments and with the
deepest tone, belong to the
family of the viola.
12. double-stops To produce two notes
(n) simultaneously in a stringed
instrument.
“…if any instrument has a
deep and visceral appeal it
is the cello…”
Pleeth-pag.ix
“… this line of reasoning
leads to emotive arguments
both for and against the use
of a chinrest…” (S11)
“…various writers have
stated that he made double
basses; but so far, our
researches do not enable us
to confirm this assertion…”
Strad-pag.226
“… Brahms had intended
double-stops, he knew well
enough how to write
them…”
Pleeth-pag.73
violoncelo “... o violoncelo tem um
(s.m.) som cheio e penetrante...”
(S10)
queixeira “... puxar a queixeira e
(s.f.) encostá-la no queixo, para
manter o violino
horizontalmente...” (S12)
contrabaixo “... o contrabaixo,
(s.m.) instrumento essencial para
fazer a ponte entre a
harmonia da música e a sua
parte rítmica...” (S13)
notas dobradas “... técnica pura com ênfase
(SN) no estudo de notas
dobradas...” (S14)
13. ebony The wood originated from
(n) this tree of the genus
Diospyros used in the
manufacture of the
fingerboard, saddle and nuts
of stringed instruments.
14. end button The button to which the
(np) tailpiece is attached to the
bottom of a violin or viola.
15. endpin The thin, usually adjustable
(n) leg of a cello or double
bass.
16. f-holes Holes in the form of an “f”
(n) which serve to the purpose
of letting the sound reach
out of the instrument.
“… in some cases the top
was veneered in ebony or
na italian wood...”
Strad-pag.205
“... the leather strap is often
too thick to remain attached
to the end button of the
instrument…”
(S16)
“… although cellist tend to
regard the endpin as an
integral part of their
instrument, it was not until
this century that it came
into use…”
Pleeth-pag.263
“…generally speaking,
violins had f-shaped sound
holes…”
Pleeth-pag.211
ébano “... o violino é feito com as
(s.m.) seguintes madeiras: abeto
no tampo, bordo para o
fundo, laterais e braço e
ébano para o espelho...”
(S15)
botão “... o instrumento tem bom
(s.m.) acabamento, espelho e
botão em ébano...” (S17)
espigão “... este espigão não produz spike (L1) - sinônimo
(s.m.) nenhum tipo de vibração também encontrado, porém
enquanto você toca...” em desuso.
(S18)
efes “... os efes têm grande sound holes (L1) ou
(s.m.) (pl.) influência no timbre e no ouvidos (L2) também são
funcionamento geral dos sinônimos deste termo.
instrumentos...” (S19)
17. fine tuners They are small metallic
(np) pieces that are attached to
the tailpiece. Works with
screws to do the fine tuning
of the strings.
“… fine tuners extend the
basic concept to an infinite
number of pitches…”
Pleeth-pag.25
micro-afinadores “... o micro-afinador é um
(s.m.) pequeno acessório metálico
que se prende no
estandarte...” (S20)

18. fingerboard It is a strip of wood on the “… Stradivari’s violin espelho “... o espelho tem
(n) neck of a stringed fingerboars were of several (s.m.) importância primordial no
instrument against which different lengths…” bom ou mau funcionamento
the strings are pressed in do instrumento...” (S21)
playing. W.Henry Hill & Brothers
“Antonio Stradivari – His
Life and Work” pag. 204

19. fingering To mark a score with “… academic fingerings dedilhado “... complexo dedilhado
(n) indicators of which fingers are not the end of the road, (s.m.) que é peculiar para a
are to play the notes. they are a point of realização de uma obra...”
departure…” (S22)

Pleeth-pag.26
20. foreign key The result of a modulation “… as composes began tonalidades distantes “…as menos suaves são as distant keys é sinônimo em
(np) in tonality modulating to foreign keys, (SN) modulações abruptas entre inglês
musicians found themselves tonalidades distantes."
confronted with (S23)
increasingly
insurmountable
problems…”

Pleeth-pag215
21. frets Ridges set across the “…violins were generally traste “... a viola da gamba é trastos é sinônimo em
(n) fingerboard of early without frets, whereas the (s.m.) qualquer um dos português
stringed instruments, such viols were usually instrumentos de corda com
as the viola de gamba. fretted…” traste desenvolvido no
século XV...” (S24)
Pleeth-pag.211
22. frog The nut of a stringed “… a German silver plate talão “... a extremidade do
(n) instrument bow. will extend down the back (s.m.) polegar deve estar na
end of the frog and around extremidade do talão...”
to the slide…” (S26)
(S25)

23. grace notes A musical note is not “… The ornaments here apojatura “... a apojatura é
(np) counted in rhythm. appear as grace notes and (s.f.) representada por uma ou
mordents…” duas pequeninas notas que
(S27) antecedem a nota
principal...” (S28)

24. horsehair The hair taken from the
(n) mane of the horse and
which is used in the bow.
“… this tendency is further
enhanced by lesser tension
on the horsehair…”
Pleeth-pag.264
crina de cavalo “... essa pedrinha é uma
(SN) resina, uma cera, que vai
causar o atrito entre a crina
do arco e as cordas do seu
violino...” (S29)

25. inlaid A decorative pattern set into “… We have seen two entalhe “... os pequenos entalhes
(n) an instrument. violins, the work of Nicolò (s.m.) encontrados ao lado dos
Amati, which were efes foram feitos...” (S30)
gracefully embellished with
inlaid ornament…”

Strad-pag.71

26. intonation The act of adjusting a note “… basic intonation afinação “... possui um parafuso que
(n) to its right pitch. derives from a more or less (s.f.) ao girá-lo, permite precisão
logical division of the na afinação da corda...”
string…” (S31)

Pleeth-pag.25
27. maple The wood originated from
(n) this tree of the genus Acer
used in the manufacture of
the back, sides, neck and
bridge of the stringed
instruments.
28. mordent A melodic ornament in
(n) which a principal tone is
rapidly alternated with half
or full step below.
29. mortise Pieces of wood used to
(n) strengthen and join the
inner parts of the top and
bottom of stringed
instruments.
30. mother-of-pearl The pearly internal layer of
(n) certain mollusk shells, used
to make decorative objects.
31. mute It is a small metal, rubber or
(n) wooden device that, when
attached to the bridge, gives
a softer more mellow
sound.
“… we find that maple had
all but supplanted the softer
woods…”
Strad-pag.160
“… the ornaments here
appear as grace notes and
mordents…” (S33)
“… the ‘Alard’ is original,
and in the mortise of the
head are written the initials
P.S …”
Strad-pag.60
“… he inlaid the Medici
arms, delicately executed in
mother-of-pearl…”
Strad-pag205
“… Fetes by Debussy is
usually played with a very
soft mute…”
(S42)
bordo “... o violino é feito com as
(s.m.) seguintes madeiras: abeto
no tampo, bordo para o
fundo, laterais e braço e
ébano para o espelho...”
(S32)
mordente “... no que diz respeito à
(s.m.) ornamentação, cabe notar
que Schubert utiliza o
mordente...” (S34)
bloco “... devem ser feitos em
(s.m.) blocos de madeira leve e
macia...” (S35)
madrepérola "... talão do arco tem uma
(s.f.) peça corrediça,
normalmente feita de
madrepérola..." (S36)
sordina “... articulação em legato e
(s.f.) o uso da sordina propiciam
uma espécie de
tranqüilidade...” (S37)
32. neck It carries the fingerboard
(n) and join the instrument to
the scroll.
33. nut A ridge of ebony at the top
(n) of the fingerboard or neck
or a stringed instrument,
over the which the strings
pass.
34. peg One of the pins of a
(n) stringed instrument that are
turned to tighten or slacken
the strings so as to regulate
their pitch.
35. pegbox Part of the neck of a
(n) stringed instrument where
the pegs are inserted.
36. purfling The ornamental edging of
(n) stringed instruments.
37. ribs The sides of an instrument
(n) between the back and the
top.
“… the necks of
Stradivari’s violins were of
the same dimensions as
those of the Amatis…”
Strad-pag.202
“… the Royal arms are
inlaid on the nut…”
Strad-pag.208
“… now, similar pegs were
also inserted, and their
object was to hold the…”
Picth./Strad pag.203
“… originally the pegbox
walls were too thin at the
base and were not load
supported by the neck…”
(S41)
“…at times Stradivari inlaid
a line of purfling composed
of ivory and ebony along
the edge…”
Strad pag.205
“… he was well aware of
the increased difficulties of
bending the ribs when
made from handsome
wood…”
braço “... o braço é colado
(s.m.) firmemente na caixa de
ressonância do
instrumento...” (S38)
pestana “... a pestana muito alta
(s.f.) dificulta o dedilhado sobre
as cordas...” (S39)
cravelha “... as cravelhas devem
(s.f.) girar suavemente nos
furos...” (S40)
cravelhal “... a voluta e o cravelhal,
(s.m.) compõem a "cabeça" do
violino... “ (S43)
filete “... o sulco não poderá ser
(s.m.) muito profundo, para não
comprometer o corte onde
será colado o filete...” (S44)
ilharga “... as ilhargas separam o sides (L1) ou faixas (L2)
(s.f.) tampo superior do também são sinônimos
inferior...” (S45) deste termo.
 Strad-pag.56

38. rosewood The wood originated from “… ebony and rosewood pau-rosa “... seu braço é feito em
(n) this tree of the genus Aniba are used for fittings such as (s.m.) bordo com escala em pau-
used in the manufacture of fingerboards and pegs…” rosa...” (S47)
the end button and pegs of (S46)
stringed instruments.
39. rosin A resin derived from “… it may annoy the resina “... com o tempo a crina breu
(n) various pine trees used to Cellists when they see you (s.f.) estica e perde sua
increase friction on the borrowing their Rosin all habilidade de reter
bows of stringed the time…” resina...” (S49)
instruments. (S48)
40. saddle A piece made of ebony “… these ebony violin pestana inferior “... se a pestana inferior
(n) upon which the tailpiece is saddles are installed into (SN) ficar muito alta o
supported. the edge of the violin under instrumento vai ficar sob
the tailpiece's tailgut…” pressão...”
(S50) (S51)

41. score It is a hand-written or “…in symphonic writing a partitura "... a partitura, escrita pelo
(n) printed form of music put score comes into existence (s.f.) compositor em 1773 em
into paper. because a composer uses Viena, quando o gênio tinha
different instruments…” 17 anos, foi dividida por
sua viúva..." (S52)
Pleeth-pag.83
42. scroll The part of a string “…he invariably carved
(n) instrument where the strings both faces of the scroll with
are wound. strict accuracy, and also
maintened absolute
similitude between them”
W.Henry Hill & Brothers
“Antonio Stradivari – His
Life and Work” pag.201
43. shoulder rest It is an acessory used in “… the distance between
(np) violins and violas that add your collar bone and chin
height to the shoulder should be equal to the
preventing the instrument combined height of
from slipping. shoulder rest…” (S54)
44. sound box The resonant chamber of an “…the essential thing about
(np) instrument. the perfect sound box is
that it must be circular…”
(S56)
45. sound post It transmits vibrations “… more speculative are
(np) between the top and the the questions relating to the
back of the instrument. width of the sound post,
about which there can be no
conclusive answers…”
The Cello, William Pleeth –
pag.259
voluta “... a voluta e o cravelhal,
(s.f.) compõem a "cabeça" do
violino... “ (S53)
espaleira “... há pessoas que não
(s.m.) precisam usar espaleira,
pois seu corpo já é
adequado ao violino...”
(S55)
caixa de ressonância “... o braço é colado Sounding board é sinônimo
(SN) firmemente na caixa de em inglês
ressonância do
instrumento...” (S57)
alma “... o som produzido pelas
(s.f.) cordas é transmitido ao
corpo oco do violino,
denominado caixa de
ressonância, pela alma...”
(S58)
46. spruce The wood originated from
(n) this tree of the genus Picea
used in the manufacture of
the sounboard, bass bar and
soundpost.
“…the species of spruce abeto “... no tampo superior do
which the Cremonese so (s.m.) violino que é de abeto,
ably utilised no longer existem dezenas de anéis...”
exists…” (S59)
Strad-pag.164

47. stick A slender piece of wood
(n) that goes from the frog to
the tip of the bow.
“… the modern bow, with vareta “... a curvatura da vareta
the curve of it’s stick (s.f.) era convexa...” (S60)
opposing that of the bridge,
has a natural tendency to
spring away from the
string…”

Pleeth-pag.264

48. stringed instrument It is an instrument, such as a “… the bow used in instrumento de cordas “... os instrumentos de
(bowed) violin, viola, cello or double stringed instrument friccionáveis cordas são importantes na
(np) bass in which sound is playing had an outward (SN) história da música
produced by pluking or curve…” ocidental...” (S61)
bowing taut strings.
Pleeth-pag.264

49. tailgut String that loops around the “… saddles are installed rabicho “... quando preso ao tailpiece wire é sinônimo
(n) button fixing the tailpiece to into the edge of the violin (s.f.) instrumento através do em inglês
the bottom of the under the tailpiece's rabicho serve como suporte
instrument. tailgut…” (S62) às cordas e pode abrigar um
ou mais micro-
afinadores...” (S63)
50. tailpiece A triangular piece to which
(n) the lower ends of the strings
of stringed instruments are
attached.
“... tailpieces invariably
matched fingerboards
regarding inlaying, etc…”
W. Henry Hill & Brothers
“Antonio Stradivari – His
Life and Work” pag-205
estandarte “... o cavalete é talhado de
(s.m.) modo que a superfície que
fica de frente para o
estandarte seja
absolutamente plana...”
(S64)

51. thumb position The name given to the “… there are many capotasto “... o capotasto está entre
(np) technique by which the situations in thumb (s.m.) as mais difíceis inovações
cellist or bass player uses position when the fingers que o classicismo e o
his thumb upon the should be able to move romantismo criaram...”
fingerboard. away from the thumb…” (S65)

Pleeth-pag.29
52. tip The edge of the bow. “… this clamp holds the tip ponta do arco “... o arco é leve na ponta e
(n) end of the bow stick secure (SN) impede o violinista de
while gluing a bow tip to "segurar" o som...” (S67)
the stick…”
(S66)

53. trill The rapid alternation of the “…melodic trills may use a trinado “... a técnica do trinado é
(n) two tones either a hole or a terminating turn or (s.f.) uma das mais difíceis, e não
half tone apart. anticipatory note…” (S68) está acessível a todos...”
(S69)

54. turn A musical ornament
(n) consisting of two or more
notes played in rapid
succession above or below
the principal note.
“… melodic trills may use a grupeto “... notamos apenas a
terminating turn or (s.m.) utilização de um grupeto e
anticipatory note…” (S70) um trinado nas
interpretações...” (S71)
 55. viola An instrument of the violin “…we cannot accept viola “... a viola é um
(n) family slightly larger than Stradivari as the originator (s.f.) instrumento musical da
the violin and having a of the smaller type of família do violino...” (S72)
deeper tone. viola…”

Infor Strad-pag.95
maçõ
es
gram 56. viola da gamba The bass of the violin “…the viola da gamba was viola da gamba “... a viola da gamba
(np) family, with the range of imported from Spain,where (SN) surgiu no final do séc. XV
aticai the cello. Arabic influences na Espanha sob a influência
s: prevailed…” de um instrumento árabe
chamado rabab..." (S73)
Pleeth-pag.212

57. violin The smallest instrument of “…as regards the violino “... o violino tem longa
(n) the violin family played dimensions, it differs from (s.m.) história na execução da
with a bow and having four any violin seen by us dated música...” (S74)
strings. before 1684…”

Strad-pag.39

58. violinmaker One who designs and crafts “…despite their reputation luthier "... todo luthier deve luteiro
(n) violins and other as master craftspeople, (s.m.) estudar e pesquisar sobre os
instruments of the violin violin makers don't Instrumentos antigos..."
family. actually choose the best (S76)
materials…” (S75)

59. wolf eliminator It is a small metal piece that “… The only real way to tira lobo “... normalmente apenas um
(np) when attached to the strings eliminate a wolf tone is to (s.m.) Tira-Lobo já resolve o
keep the sound from use something called a wolf problema...” (S78)
distorting. eliminator…” (S77)

L1: n = noun L2: m. = masculino

 a. = adjective f.= feminino
v. = verb s. = substantivo
np = noun phrase a. = adjetivo
acr. = acronym v. = verbo
SN = sintagma nominal
acr. = acrônimo

FONTES DE CONSULTA:

- LIVRO CELLO – WILLIAM PLEETH

- ANTONIO STRADIVARI HIS LIFE & WORK – W.HENRY HILL, ARTHUR F. HILL & ALFRED E. HILL (strad)
- LAROUSSE MUSICAL
- SITES DA INTERNET DESCRITOS ABAIXO DE CADA TERMO, COM O OBJETIVO DE FACILITAR A CONSULTA.

LISTA DE SITES CONSULTADOS (AGOSTO / 2007)

(S1) - www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S2) – www.luthieriabrasileira.art.br/index.php?area=violinorabeca
(S3) – www.mvhp.com.br/teclado5.htm
(S4) – www.rosildopernambuco.com.br/pg22.html
(S5) – www.terartemusica.com.br/concertosbankboston/2002/notas/festetics_noites_poa.html
(S6) – www.proceedings.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=MSC0000000102005000100012&lng=en&
(S7) – www.sonsdafloresta.org/madeira/pbrasil.html
(S8) – www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S9) – www.internationalluthiers.com/bows.php
(S10) – www.ad.org.br/jahn/j_instcorda.asp
(S11) – www.stringsmagazine.com/issues/Strings121/yourinstrument.htm
(S12) - www.tiosam.com/enciclopedia/?q=violino
(S13) – www.hiendlmayer.mus.br/contrabaixo.html
(S14) – www.emb.com.br/estruturadmpedg/Nucleos/Nucleos_Tabelas/N_Piano.htm
(S15) – http://forum.cifraclub.terra.com.br/
(S16) – www.patentstorm.us/patents/5377573-description.html
(S17) – www.plander.com/cordas.html
(S18) – http://www.paulogomes.com.br
(S19) – www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S20) – http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violino
(S21) – www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S22) – www.violaobrasil.com.br
(S23) – www.overmundo.com.br/download_banco/doristi-teoria
(S24) – pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_da_gamba
(S25) – http://www.internationalluthiers.com/bows.php
(S26) – pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violino
(S27) – http://bach.org/bach101/instrumental/frenchsuite_816.html
(S28) - www.cifras.com.br/forum1/viewtopic.php?t=9968
(S29) – http://forum.cifraclub.terra.com.br/forum/13/83636/p4
(S30) – www.arcoecorda.com/cello/construcao.htm
(S31) - pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violino
(S32) - http://forum.cifraclub.terra.com.br
(S33) - http://bach.org/bach101/instrumental/frenchsuite_816.html
(S34) - http://dpiano.blogspot.com/2007_05_01_archive.html
(S35) – http://www.luthieriabrasileira.art.br/index.php?area=violino
(S36) – pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_da_gamba
(S37) - www.musica.ufmg.br/permusi/port/numeros/14/Num14_cap_02.pdf
(S38) - www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S39) - http://www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S40) - http://www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S41) – www.stringrepair.com/Double_Bass_Prescott_Double_Bass_Neck_Graft.htm
(S42) – www.tomcrownmutes.com/articles.html
(S43) – http://www.tuliolima.com/02_liuteriainstrumento.htm
(S44) – http://www.luthieriabrasileira.art.br/index.php?area=violino
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