BUHEN- COLONIAL TOWN WHAT ARE THE ELEMENTS OF THE SETTLEMENTS?

•SITUATED BELOW THE 2ND

CATARACT,260 KM SOUTH OF A- COPPER SMELTING
ASWAN, EGYPT
RESIDENCES AND
WORKSHOPS IN
STONE AND MUD
MORTAR
CLIMATE
•HOT AND DRY
•SCANTY RAINFALL
•FREQUENT DRAUGHTS AND
TERRACE
FLOODS COPPER SMELTING
DITCH

A
TOPOGRAPHY A
•NARROW STRIP OF FERTILE PLAN OF BUHEN OLD KINGDOM
ALLUVIAL NILE VALLEY
•DESERT IN WEST
•BARREN LANDS AND CLIFFS
•NILE CATARACT MAKING IT
INNAVIGABLE

HISTORY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT

BUHEN- COLONIAL WHAT ARE THE ELEMENTS OF THE SETTLEMENTS?
TOWN STRONG BOUNDARY
ENTRANCE
•SITUATED BELOW THE ON LAND SIDE
2ND CATARACT,260 KM
SOUTH OF ASWAN, DESERT
EGYPT

•AROUND 2600 BCE:

MILTARY OUTPOST WAS
ESTABLISHED TO PROTECT
GRANARY
THE MINES AGAINST NUBIA FORT
(MIDDLE KINGDOM)
TEMPLE
•AND THE STATE GAINED
IMPORTANCE AS A
DEFENSIVE CAPITAL

NILE
NUBIAN BORDER EXIT SECOND CATARACT
IN FAR SOUTH
MAKING NILE DIFFICULT TO NAVIGATE

BUHEN FORT
•FORTIFICATION FOR PROTECTION OF MINES AGAINST INVADERS

HISTORY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT

RESOURCES
NOT RICH IN AGRICULTURE
•SOUTHERN KINGDOMS WERE
RICH IN RESOURCES LIKE COPPER,
•DOLERITE MINES
ECONOMIC
•CONTROL POINT FOR TRADE
•SOLDIERS PAID IN TERMS OF
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE AND
LAND GRANTS
POLITICAL
•SUFFERED REPEATED ATTACKS
FROM NUBIANS,AND SEA PEOPLE
•UNSTABLE
HISTORY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT
ORGANIZING PRINCIPLES OF THE
SETTLEMENT
•SUCESSEPTIBLE TO LAND
INVADERS –STRONG
BOUNDARIES AND
DTICHES
CATARACT
TRADE ROUTE CENTRAL LOCATION OF
NILE-DIFFICULT TO FOTRESS----
NAVIGATE •INNITIALLY ONLY A SMALL
Ie CONTROL POINT FOTRESS WAS BUILT TO
PROTECT THE MINES
•LATTER IT WAS FURTHER
FORTIFIED
URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE IMPORTANT SPACES IN IN THE SETTLEMENT

TEMPLE

NORTHERN TEMPLE

URBAN LANDSCAPE

FORT STRUCTURE IN 12 DYNASTY GRANARY

TO PROTECT THE MINES
COMMAND BUILDING

URBAN MOBILITY
•LOW

THE MOST IMPORTANT PLACE IN THE SETTLEMENT IS THE FOTRESS

HISTORY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT

POLITICAL IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF IDENTIFIED SPACE:-
•SUFFERED REPEATED ATTACKS FROM
NUBIANS,AND SEA PEOPLE
•UNSTABLE

SOCIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPING

KING OR PHARAO
VISERS SANTUARY
PRIESTS
SOLDIERS (MILLITARY)(PREDOMINANT)
ORDINARY RESIDENTS (TRADERS)
GRANARY
SLAVES

DEFENCE
• PROTECTION OF MINES FROM NUBIAN
ATTACK PILLARED
• TRADE CHECK POSTS HALL

•PORTABLE DEFENCE
•NON PORTABLE DEFENCE
NORTHERN TEMPLE
Temple

HISTORY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT

LEGISLATIONS
ORGANIZING PRINCIPLES OF
IDENTIFIED SPACE

GRID IRON PATTERN

•FAIRLY DOMINANT

GRANARY
CENTRAL
PRIVAT STRUCTURE
•CONTROLLED
AESTHETICS ENTRANCE AND E
EXIT

PUBLIC

NORTHERN TEMPLE

HISTORY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENT