Aspects of Traditional Chinese Architecture, by Edward Lim, P.Eng.

Although in recent years China has built a

reputation as an innovator in the field of architectural design, the county possesses
a long and distinguished history of unique architecture, mostly built from wood,
stretching back over 1,000 years. Many of the principles of traditional Chinese
architecture combine aspects of Confucianism or Taoism with the practical realities
of building design.

Bilateral symmetry forms a key aspect of traditional Chinese architecture, and most
buildings are built in pairs, employing a square shape for each side. Additional
squares are stacked on top of each other in the well-known tiered shape seen in
traditional temples across East Asia.

Curved roofs became a staple in traditional Chinese architecture for religious

reasons. Buddhists believed that these curves helped to protect the inhabitants from
malicious spirits. These roofs are covered in curved ceramic tiles, adding another
element of symmetry to the design.

Structurally, traditional Chinese architecture employs a unique brace system called

tou-kung to support multi-story buildings. Tou-kung consists of wooden brackets,
often elaborately decorated, attached to the top of a pillar and supporting the beam
above it. Over time, the decoration of tou-kung became a major stylistic concern in
new buildings.

As traditional Chinese buildings were made entirely from wood, they were
lacquered to prevent decay. A tradition of employing colours and elaborate motives
appeared, with symbolic and religious meanings associated.

Examples of traditional Chinese architecture exist across East Asia, but Taiwan in
particular has done a good job of preserving ancient buildings, with thousands of
traditional Buddhist temples scattered across the island. Chinese architecture also
spread to other countries, notably North Korea, South Korea, and Japan, and has
influenced their local styles.
About the Author: Edward Lim, P.Eng., serves as the President of United Building
Systems International Corp. He possesses expertise in wood frame engineering and
design.