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INTRODUCTION
1
Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
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Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
Shear stress, τ
∂u
τ =µ
∂y
Reynolds number
The criterion which determines whether flow is
laminar or turbulent.
ρU s x U s x
Re x = =
µ υ
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Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
4
Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
5
Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
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Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
DEFINITION
z Boundary layer thickness, δ
z Displacement thickness, δ*
z Momentum thickness, θ
δ = y(u =0.99U )
s
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Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
DISPLACEMENT THICKNESS, δ*
δ u
δ =∫ *
(1 − )dy
0 Us
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Chapter 1 : Boundary Layer
MOMENTUM THICKNESS θ
Momentum thickness is the distance that, when
multiplied by the square of the free stream velocity,
equals the integral of the momentum defect.
Alternatively, the total loss of momentum flux is
equivalent to the removal of momentum through a
distance θ. It is a theoretical length scale to quantify
the effects of fluid viscosity near a physical
boundary.
δ u ⎛ u ⎞
θ =∫ ⎜⎜1 − ⎟⎟dy
0 Us ⎝ Us ⎠