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2.1 CELL AS BASIC UNIT OF LIVING THINGS

CELLt
Cell is a basic unit of living things.
All living things are made up of cell.
Cells are the smallest living parts in a living things.

Cell is very small. We cannot see them with naked eye.

We need microscope to see the cell

Parts Functions
Eyepiece Enlarge image of the specimen
Objective lens Enlarge image of the specimen
Coarse focus knob To focus the specimen
Fine focus knob To focus the specimen
Stage To place the slide
Clip To hold or clip the slide
Diaphragm Regulates the amount of light that
illuminates the specimen
Mirror To reflects light towards the objective
lens

Cell as basic unit of living things 1

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2.2 How to use a microscope

1. Put the microscope on the laboratory table with the arm towards you

2. Turn the low power objective lens to the position above the hole in the stage

3. Adjust the diaphragm to the maximum opening so that as much light as possible
can be obtained

4. Look through the eyepiece and adjust the mirror until a bright circular area is
obtained

5. Put a specimen slide over the hole of the stage

6. Use the clip to fix the position of the slide

7. Start with a low magnification. Turn the coarse focus knob to lower the objective
lens to 1 cm above the slide.

8. Look through the eyepiece. Turn the coarse focus knob to move the low power
objective lens upwards. Stop when you can see a clear image.

9. Turn the fine focus knob to get the sharp image

10. To see a larger image, turn the high power objective lens to the position right above
the slide. Repeat step 9

Cell as basic unit of living things 2