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NOTES ON QURANIC PASSAGES FOR O’LEVEL

QUR’ANIC PASSAGES

1. Surah Baqarah ( 2:255)

a)Theme: Allah in himself; Verse of Throne

Main Teachings:

* The main theme of Surah is His Tawhid

* Allah is unlike other beings.

* He doesn’t have any relation.

* He has the greatest knowledge, both of the manifest and


of the hidden

* Relevant Reference: “It is He who knows what is open in


speech and what you hide (in your hearts)”. (21:110)

* The throne represents how great His power & knowledge


is.

* Power to control everything on earth & heavens &


knowledge of everything that happens.

b)Distinctiveness:

* One of the most important passages about Tawhid.

* His attribute of ‘Al-Qayyum’ includes His independency


and being limitless time and space.

* As He is perfect in life so as He in activity. He doesn’t


need rest nor does He slow down in activity.

* He has the knowledge of everything because everything


is His.

* Differences between Allah & men are mentioned. Sleep


& Slumber, Dependency, Limitation in life knowledge &
authority.

2. Surah Anam (6:101-103)

a)Theme: Allah in himself; Makki


Surah

Tells us about His Tawhid, absolute unity and authority over


all universe

Main Teachings:

* Describes His oneness in Creation that He created entire


universe solely.

* Relevant Reference: “ To Him belong all that is in the


heaven and on earth, For verily Allah- He is free of all wants,
worthy of praises.” (Al-Hajj 22:64)

* Elaborates His oneness in Existence, when He alone


created entire universe amazingly, why odes He needs
support of children or grandchildren?

* Highlights His attribute of being so fine and subtle as to


be invisible to physical eye & imperceptible to the senses.

b)Distinctiveness:

* It refutes the claim of unbelievers with reference of that


Allah has no wife or partner from whom His children could
be.

* Even Christians don’t dare to relate Hazrat Maryam (A.S)


(God Forbid) as Allah’s wife.

* He is worthy of praises and worship because due to His


significant attributes, like His power to handle everything
solely, He deserves to be designated as God

* Latif means here so fine to be invisible to man.

* It is He who can see anything but man’s eye isn’t


rewarded with the power to see Him though will be rewarded
in life hereafter.

* Khabir means one who understands the finest mysteries.


He knows everything where He is inaccessible to human
comprehension.

3. Surah Fussilat (41: 37-39)

a)Theme: Allah in himself; The revelation shows


some of the signs of Allah which signifies His Wisdom, Glory
& Power.

Main Teachings:

* These signs are shown to men to bring their attention


towards their Creator so they worship Him alone and praise
Him.

* His kingdom will not diminish if the disbelievers do not


believe in Him, nor will it be extended if many people believe
in Him. On the contrary, the disbelievers will lose, and the
believers will gain, but Allah is above all of that.

* Relevant Reference: “… but if any deny faith, Allah


stands not in need of any of His creatures.” (3:97)

* Lastly the revelation discusses another unique power of


Allah to raise men again after death just as He gives life to
barren land by pouring rain.

b)Distinctiveness:
* Night and Day are opposites but they both are made for
the purpose of human good. Night can give rest & day can
promote activity. Sun & moon are complementary.

* These signs are nothing but instruments of Allah so we


are asked to use them but not to adore them.

* If entire mankind becomes believer or unbeliever it


doesn’t affect His Glory because it is for men’s earn or loss.
His Glory is being celebrated 24/7 by Angels.

* Sending down rain on barren land is used as a metaphor


on sending down revelation on evil souls. Like the rain gives
life & beauty to barren land the word of Allah has same
effect on the spirit of men.

4. Surah Shura (42:4-5)

a)Theme: Allah in himself; Makki Surah

Describes Oneness of Allah in Lordship and His exclusive


ownership of the earth and heavens.

Main Teachings:

* Explains the greatness and sublimity of Allah that the


highest heavens are almost ready to burst into pieces by His
Glory.

* Further elaborates His mercy that due to His acceptance


of prayers of Angels & forgiveness for men the earth isn’t
burst by his glory.

* Relevant Reference: “…… But My mercy extends to all


things ….” (7:156)

b)Distinctiveness:

* Represents His attributes of being Most High from the


highest of His creatures like heaven and most great from the
noblest of His beings Angels.

* We can’t even conceive the distance which separates


most high from the highest & most great from the greatest.

* The presence of the world, heavens and men all remains


and existed by His Mercy & Forgiveness else the burden of
innumerable Angels on heavens and His glory are enough to
burst it all.

* Due to prayers of Angles in favor of men (believers) He


forgives the errors of men and gives more time and chances
to the unbelievers to join His righteous path.

5. Surah Ikhlas (112:1-4)

a)Theme: Allah in himself, One third of


Holy Quran

Main Teachings: Describes Tawhid. His Oneness in


Existence

* No plurality of God. Relevant Reference: “And your God


is One God…….”(2:163).

* He doesn’t have any partner or ancestors etc.

* He can’t be conceived in our own pattern. He is


matchless.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Most important Surah to describe all four merits for


Lordship. One, Never ending, single and incomparable.

* It negates the idea of Polytheism.

* Samad includes 1) His Absolute existence 2) he is


dependent on No person. This negates the idea of god &
goddess who eats & drinks.
* It also refutes the Christian idea of ‘godhead’.

6. Surah Fatiha (1:1-7)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with the created world. Umm


ul Quran

Main Teachings:

* The surah comprehensively summing up man’s relation


to Allah in prayer.

* Describes that we need to praise Allah b/c He is worthy


of all praise.

* Relevant Reference: Allah is He ( that is) free of all


wants, worthy of all praise” (31:26) Al Luqman

* We praise Him for our inner education & consolation.

* If prayer in from our inmost being, it unites us with Allah


and we could have His Mercy here & on final day.

* Man also needs to worship him & seek His guidance to


acknowledge His Mercy, peace & harmony on us & purging
out evil & rebellion from us.

b)Distinctiveness:

* On realizing the attributes of Allah His Mercy &


sustenance, we bend in the act of worship and seeking His
guidance.

* Sirat ul Mustakim is the path of righteousness He wants


us to follow & only He could show us that.

* Our own wisdom may fail in finding the way to


righteousness.

* If we get dependant on ourselves and break God’s laws


we will be responsible for the wrath and getting away from
His path.

* It’s only Allah who can save us from both Wrath and
going astray.

7. Surah Baqarah (2:21-22)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with the created world

The creation of Allah and He as a cherisher of all


mankind.

Main Teachings:

* It puts demand of Allah to worship Him alone as He is


the Creator of everything on earth & heavens.

* Relevant Reference: It is He who has created for you all


things that are on earth; then He turned to the heaven &
made them into seven firmaments ….” (2:29)

* Further explains the creation of man himself and


creation of earth & heavens.

* Pouring rain and growing fruits are also indicated as His


blessings for man.

* Lastly it commands not to compare Him with His


creatures or other false gods who have o power of their own.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Adoration is the act of highest & humblest reverence &


worship. When we get into that relation with Allah, our faith
provides work of righteousness which is Taqwa.

* Taqwa is guarding one’s tongue; hands & heart from evil


for Allah hence achieve righteousness.

* Worshipping Him doesn’t only mean to pray before Him


but also to stay away from evils & remain piety.
* The creation of earth & heaven signifies the most gifted
place for men to spend his physical & spiritual life on it with
the canopy of heaven known as sky.

8. Surah Alaq (96:1-5)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with the created world. First


revelation.

Main Teachings:

* This refers to the Divine Message came to Holy Prophet


(PBUH) in cave Hira to preach and proclaim.

* Relevant Reference: Be you not arrogant against one,


but came to Me in submission (to the true religion)

* Mohammad (PBUH) needed Divine words to preach after


his spiritual enlightenment so the revelation came to him to
declare his mission.

* It talks about the creation of men. Man was created b an


insignificant drop of germ cell.

* Allah bestowed man with the knowledge also.

b)Distinctiveness:

* The declaration of Prophet’s mission was for the benefit


of erring humanity though it caused sorrow & bitter
persecution to Prophet (PBUH).

* The meaning of (Qara’) refers not only to one


person but also gives universal direction.

* The responsibility of spreading Divine’s knowledge also


came to the one who read & understand Quran.

* Pen is represented as a source of spreading knowledge


and recording it.
It is Allah who gradually teaches man everything man
knows; knowledge of spiritual and physical worlds both
which is the blessing for mankind.

9. Surah Zilzal (99:1-8)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with the created world. Early


Madni surah

Main Teachings:

* The surah indicates the damages and stress of the Day


of Judgment.

* The earthquake of that day will be bigger and far more


reaching than any earthquakes.

* The dead will arise again.

* Man will be brought forwarded to his Lord in separate


groups for Judgment.

* Allah will be the only Judge there.

* Relevant Reference: “….. to Him do all questions go


back (for decision) (3:109)

* Man will be given rewards justly on the basis of his


actions.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Inspiration is something which is put into mind or heart


by Allah.

* Inspiration here is the command of Allah by which alone


all evens do proceed on that day.

* Like the earthquakes with volcanic eruption bring out


lava from beneath the crust, the earth on that day’s
earthquake will throw man out.
* In this world good & bad are mixed together. But on final
day they will be sorted out in groups.

* Signifies the smallest and subtlest form of good


and evil will be brought to an account.

* All the matters of Judgment will be done openly and


Justly.

10. Surah Nas (114: 1-6)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with the created world. 2nd


of Al-Muwadhatain

Main Teachings:

* The surah pointed out the necessity of Allah’s protection


against internal factors.

* It indicates mans’ threefold relation with Allah

* He is the Maker of men & sustainer who provides al


means and protection against evil.

* He is the King above all earthly kings. He has the


authority to guide man’ conduct.

* He is the Judge to whom mankind must return and give


account of their deeds.

* Relevant Reference: “…. To Allah we belong to Him is


out return” 2:156)

* From all these aspects, man should seek His protection


against evils whisperer.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Purpose of repetition of God’s titles that He is the safest


refuge from evils of whisperer indicated in Surah.
* Whisperer is the one who puts evil suggestion into the
hearts of mankind so believers are lured away from faith.

* When believer remembers Allah the devils withdraws.

* Whisperer could be devil himself or his partners.

* They could be from man or jinn.

* Man’s own evil temptation could also be the source of


whispering at times.

* So refuge must be sought from the Best Protector


against evil, Al-mighty Allah.

11. Surah Baqarah (2:30-37)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with His messenger Adam (A.S)

About the high status of man and his appointment as


Allah’s vicegerent on earth with ref. of Hazrat
Adam (A.S)

Main Teachings:

* It reasons the superiority of man over others because of


the knowledge granted to him.

* Knowledge is superior over worship that’s why Angels


who all the time praises Allah couldn’t be made His
vicegerent on earth.

* Knowledge is one of the attributes of Allah worshipping


isn’t therefore knowledge has got preference

* Relevant Reference: From Allah verily nothing is hidden


on earth or in the heavens. (3:5)

* It further speaks about the desperate creature Iblis who


after being condemned became man’s enemy.
* It further mentions expelling of Adam and Eve from
heaven due to their free will & Satanic temptations.

* Lastly the verses tell us about the inspiration taught by


Allah to Hazrat Adam for repenting & His forgiveness.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Hazrat Adam (A.S) was made superior to Angels by Allah


& appointed as His vicegerent on earth.

* Angels questioned about the vicegerency of Hazrat


Adam (man) on earth b/c rather being perfect in their own
way they are without emotion & passion of which the highest
flower is love.

* Hazrat Adam (A.S) was endued with emotions passion,


love & power of will.

* These emotions could lead man to the highest or drag


him to the lowest.

* Names of things taught to Hazrat Adam (A.S) means the


inner nature & qualities of things includes feelings thus man
was able to love & understand love.

* They bowed down to Hazrat Adam (A.S) NOT so iblis


means that he isn’t among the angels he is a jinn.

* Satan is called by two names here Iblis & Satan. Iblis


comes from the root idea of desperateness and Satan from
the root idea of Enmity.

* Man was expelled from Garden when he disobeyed Allah


in order to examine hi again then to send back in Heaven.

12. Surah Anaam (6: 75-79)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with His messenger Hazrat


Ibrahim (A.S). It signifies the quest of Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S)
for his true Lord.

Main Teachings:

* Hazrat Ibrahim’s ancestors were idol worshippers but his


ancestral idols meant nothing to him.

* He lived among the Chaldeans who had great knowledge


of stars & heavenly bodies so he began to see the idea of
worshipping distant shiny objects.

* He got beyond that physical world and saw the spiritual


world behind.

* The verses show the spiritual enlightenment of Hazrat


Ibrahim (A.S)

* Relevant Reference: Behold! His Lord said to him “Bow


(your will to Me). He said “I bow (my will) to the Lord &
Cherisher of the universe”. (2:131)

* Allah showed him with certitude of the spiritual glories


behind this physical world.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S) realized that these shiny distant


objects are actually the labors of God who on their settled
timings appears & disappears.

* His statement “This is my Lord” is in negative tone as Is


this my Lord? Or This is my Lord according to your faith &
speculation.

* So first he denies star whose light is extinguished in


broader light of day.

* Then the moon whose light is dependant on other body


& also changes its shapes.
* Lastly he refuses to accept sun as his Lord which isn’t
really biggest object as it is seen also it comes forth & go.

* He finally declares that he accepts his Lord the One who


created these objects.

13. Surah Maidah (5:110)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with His messenger Hazrat Isa


(A.S).

Scene of Day of Judgment is put in graphic words when


Allah recounts His favors to Hazrat Isa (A.S)
& his mother, Hazrat Maryam (A.S).

Main Teachings:

* Birth of Hazrat Isa(A.S) without a father is a miracle


given to H. Maryam (A.S)

* The miracles given to Hazrat Isa (A.S) are mentioned.

* -Miracle of putting spirit into bird, speaking eloquently in


all ages, curing incurable diseases, knowledge of books
Torah & Injeel.

* Relevant Reference: “He gave Jesus, the son of Mary,


clear (signs) and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit …..”
(2:87)

* The surah emphasizes that all these miracles happens


by the power of Allah not by the power of Jesus (A.S) himself.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Favoring a child is favoring mother in a sense.

* Allah showed signs to Hazrat Maryam (A.S) for her inner


satisfaction & relief.

* The power of Holy Spirit on spiritual world is as much


powerful as electricity on physical world.

* Allah related Hazrat Isa (A.S) with this Holy Spirit due to
which he could perform all such miracles.

* is repeated to emphasize that all happens with the


power of Allah.

* Allah saved Hazrat Isa (A.S) from the threats of Jews who
disbelieved him and wanted to crucify him in which they also
failed.

14. Surah Duha (93: 1-11)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with His Messenger, Holy


Prophet (PBUH) . It ws revealed in order to remove Holy
Prophet’s (PBUH) anxiety.

Main Teachings:

* Allah consoles His Prophet by taking the Oath of Day &


night that He never leaves or displeased with His Messenger.

* Allah pleases His Messenger with glad tiding for the


better future life.

* Relevant Reference: “ Verily He has granted you the


found of Abundance” (108:1)

* Allah recounts His blessings to Holy Prophet that He


guided & supported him when he was lacking in supervision,
guidance and wealth.

* In return of such blessings duties and directions are


given to His Messenger of kind treatment and preaching
good.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Metaphorical use of Day & Night represents Revelation


and Rest.

* Holy Prophet (PBUH) couldn’t withstand the continuous


revelation. Allah provided him a break for restoring peace in
him.

* The break in revelation was due to this.

* Allah assured He wasn’t angry with His Messenger and


He promised to give His Messenger complete satisfaction in
future life.

* Future life isn’t only hereafter but the remaining life here
also.

* Allah has also been kind to His Messenger in past when


He provided support thru Abu Talib & Hazrat Khadija and
guidance thru Angel Jibrael

*. implies duty to proclaim and share the


Bounty of Allah. The duty of preaching which Messengers did
is also for followers to do.

15. Surah Kausar (108: 1-3)

a)Theme: Allah’s relation with His Messenger, Holy


Prophet (PBUH). Shortest surah of Quran.

Main Teachings:

* The surah was revealed in order to console Holy Prophet


(PBUH).

* Allah consoles His Messenger b bestowing them greater


rewards here & in life hereafter.

* The Holy Prophet (PBUH) was granted blessings in


abundance.

* The duty comes on us then to turn to Allah alone in


thanksgiving and in sacrifice.

* Relevant Reference: “Say truly my prayer & my service


of sacrifice, my life and my death are (all) for Allah, the
Cherisher of the worlds”. (6:162) Al-Anaam.

* Allah condemns the enemies of His Messenger there


who hates him or taunts him.

b)Distinctiveness:

* Means ‘good in abundance’. This is all granted to Holy


Prophet (SAWS) in spiritual and physical means.

* Spiritually it is the revelation, prophet hood, knowledge


of good, truth etc. Physically it is the river of fountain in
heaven which will be granted to Holy Prophet (PBUH)

Means sacrifice of camels but it has a deep spiritual


meaning. The slaughtered meat feeds the poor and the
slaughter is the symbol of self-sacrifice in our hearts.

* Allah cuts off the enemies of Prophet (PBUH) form all


future hopes in this world and the next.

* The Holy Prophet (PBUH) is granted with this abundance


of followers. Millions of followers all over the world obey his
teachings.

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