Author: Diego Martínez Solís

Supervisor: José Óscar Rubiños López

 Grating lobes  array inter-element spacing d /2

 Resolution proportional to the array aperture

 How to achieve high-resolution sensing while reducing costs?

 Random non-uniform inter-element spacing

 Target domain is sparse in many remote sensing applications

 COMPRESSIVE SENSING
 Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem f s  2BW

 It does not take into account the structure of the signal, compressibility

 Alternative theory  compressive sampling / compressed sensing (CS)

 Super-resolved signals can be reconstructed from far fewer measurements

 The signal is sampled and simultaneously compressed at a greatly reduced rate

 CS relies on two main principles

 Sparseness
 Information rate may be much smaller than suggested by the signal’s bandwidth

 Many natural signals are sparse or compressible when expressed in the proper
basis 

 Incoherence
 Objects having a sparse representation in  must be spread out in the domain in
which they are acquired
 Object signal x N
s.t. x  s, where s is K  sparse, K N

 Measured signal y M

, M K

 Measurement matrix   y  x  s  s

 Signal reconstruction algorithm
 2
norm minimization  non-sparse-solutions

 0 norm minimization  NP-hard (computationally infeasible)

 1
norm minimization  equivalent to 0
under certain conditions
 Computed tomography f s  2BW

 Sparse gradient

 Fourier samples at random locations

 Star-shaped domain
 Random designs proposed in CS theory are consistent with the type of
projection measurements performed implicitly by sensor arrays

 The key idea is to randomize the antenna locations within a fixed aperture

 The Green function for monochromatic wave propagation will essentially

conform the entries of our measurement matrices

ik r  a
e
G r , a  
4 r  a
  z0
A

 Optimal aperture  the columns in  are incoherent/orthogonal enough

 z0
 Resolution as a function of array aperture
A
 Maximum number of recoverable targets for synthetic aperture radar (SA)
 We have studied the remote sensing problem from the perspective of CS
 Random antenna locations
satisfactory results
 Optimal array aperture

 Only point targets have been considered

 The next step would be to consider extended targets

 A different approach is needed