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(e) (i.) The cathode metal. l;iktlo(umta, formulae and relationships Express the work function of lithium in joules.

Acceleratioll_offridall fl' hi 152:9.81 ms-}

work unction a It HIm - .3 eV

Electron charge e = -1.60 x 1O-I'C

(close to Earth's surface)

Electron mass

Ill,: 9.11 x 10-"kg

..... , , ,._.,., .. ,., _,- .

I eV= 1.60 x 10-1' J

Electronvolt

Gravitat-onal'fietd .. strcllgth .. ·· .. ·_··· .. ·· .... ·· .. ·· .. -;;r"" .. 9·.8·]·Nkg .. t-: .. ·

·'(Cl6se·[o·Eai'l!'i's .. ·s[ffface)'··.... . .

Work function = " .. " " " " .

Planck constant

II : 6.63 X 10-:<4 J s

Speed q_~i~gl!JlhMiISl\!ttwmi~tion with ~lffiib~~n'eII£!IlJfS418 x 10-".J is shone onto the

Unit 1 I ithi urn cathode.

Mechanics Calculate the maximum speed of the photoelectrons that are emitted.

Kinematic equations of motion

v;;;;;; U + at

S = lit + Y2af

I" - 1/' + Las

........ Fo[C{l·s.... . ·,,·I:F·=llltl···

g = FIlii

.................................................................... .. .. ··W=·mg

Work and energy

MV=Ft.s

Materials Stokes' law

F:6ml'~' ........ H5(ike·'s·Ta,ij'·· ...... ·· .. · .. ·· .. ··· .. ······· .. ··· .. ···..r;;" .. klix .. · ..

Maximum speed: ..

Density Pressure

p :II1IV p =[0'/;]

(Total for Question 23 = 10 marks)

--XQUllg~s.lRQduLus~_'!"'" ~.~oi&cwhe[e- _

Stress v: fJ7JDTAL FOil SECTION B = 70 MARKS Strai II C = tsx/x

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

Elastic strain energy

(1)

22

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.- .... _ ..... L~e·c-o~(lIig1iI······- ... ···········J%·~=:::·t:::~·=:::·:i:r::::::t==~~2::r··········~::;·=5]:;i:o~;~······

Power = 1.tl. .

(ri) Explain why the e.m.f of this cell is 0.52 V.

... (1), ..

(iii) Calculate the .internal resistance of the tellwhen the potential difference across

..... ··iiie··ceTf"l"S·CCf6 V·········"···· .. _ - _ _ .. - _ - .

(b) The experiment is repeated using the same two photon energies but the intensities of (J) the sources are increased. Add the new ammeter readings to the table below .

. _--.-.-_.---. -----.----,--~---..,_-----r-----.-,

..... " _ _ _ p.J.!gJQJl._ l.. .. Jntc.II.!i!!Y.91.. .. _I · Jy9.r.~ " Amm~.t~r 1 .

r------4i--~n-. e_f.=gy:_/_c_,_I .. _j. lighllW m-' i functionfcV readingfA I

............... !irs("·lighl············· ·····-···········L~~:.=.·····")······· 4:0 _ .. 1 : .. 2.:3 j .

Second light 3.8 i 4.0 I JnteA!~1 resistance = .. _.... .~ .

(e) The e.m.f of this particular cell is independent of the light intensity.

The current. increases as the light intensity increases

Add to the grid above a line showing a set of results that might be obtained if the intensity ofthe incident light was increased

Total for Question 22 = 12 marksL_

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22 A solar cell generates an e.m.f when certain wavelengths of light are incident on it A student connects a solar cell in the following circuit.

~ Solarcell

,--------i ,r--------,

~~

The student keeps the intensity and wavelength of the incident light constant and adjusts the variable resistor to obtain the following set of results.

Current If A

Terminal potcurial i

difference VIV !

1------+---------·1

0.60 O.OO!

0.55 0.35

0.50 040

0.40 -ucr~frGEO.43

OJO

0.46

0.20

0.48

0_10 0.50 .

. --.-.----~---- ----------·--1

0.00 0.52"

(0) On the grid opposite, plot these results and draw the line of best fit through all the points. The first four points have been plotted.

18

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Waves

Wave speed Refractive index

Electricity

Potent ial d ifference

Resistance

Electrical power, energy and efficiency

Resistiv ity Current

Resistors in series

Resistors in parallel

v = jJ,

,II, = sin i/sin r = ",Iv,

, QU()I!/1Im physics

Photon model Einstein's photoelectric equation

V= WIQ 11 = VI}

P = Vf P=[iR P = V'IR W = Jill

% efficiency =

useful energy output x 100 energy input

% efficiency =

useful power output power input

x 100

R = pllA 1= t.Q//::'/

I "Bl'1X1«K ]'AGE R = 11, + H, + R,

I I I I -=-+-+- 11 II, 11, RJ

E =hf

23

•• " A swdent looks at the Ntligh. n:f1cdcd off a puddle of WDttr. She puts. poIarisins (PoIuoid) flita' in front of her eye As she roc&tc:I the ruler the pu:Jdle appan dmttt th<n lighlcr.

&.pWn tlUsobscrvation.

ITotal torO.tldoll 1 .. -3 marks)

l!l The cunent I in IS k"i¢! or atuminium of c:mu-lCdional &n:II A i!I given by the formwa

1-IIn'A

",'hero t IS the cNr;c on tn ell!lCtton. (a) State die meoning!l of" and 11'.

(b) Shcr.v chd the units CG the left hand. aldc of1hc equation life: coosis1cnt with those 00 the risht tw'Id s.ide.

(Total 'or Oct1doD 15 - S marks)

1)1

t6 (a) Two !:mps A anII A IR COMCC~ in sct'ics with II battery.

(.(Imp n JlO\\' moo: bri&ht!y Lh:n lamp A. Complete each ofthc sc:ntc:ncn by choosirtgonc orChe pbrascs in me box.

..... pB LampA

rqaalco

"llKc:=ratI in Lamp A is 1"he p.d. IIcrass lamp A is

The rmdancc of lamp A is +_

the cumftl in bmp II the pod. across lamp S.

_ the rcsistInceorlamp B.

(b) The Alf\e bulbi etC now connccecd iD penllel with the t=tcry.

~ ~

Lamp'"

rroblrorOlltstfoD 16 -6111Ira)

1)1

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11

_1-

I Frequency f 10" Hz

LED

olour

C(bl 'j;alculate the.el~e'fX of the lowls\ ellergv ·r-lloto'l emittzd rn; this traffic light model.

11) 'or one parucu a ieasuremen tne nne 11 erva was ) I . (3)

Calculate the distance from the sonic tape measure to the wall .

•••••••••••••••• , ••••• , •••••••••• , ••• _, •• , •• , ••••• ,., _ _ • .,~ •• T<C •• , ••• .,_. __ T<~.~.HO-' ,",.'

.... "." " .. ", .

.... _._ .. , ......•. _ , - - - - - , ~ .. - , , , , .. ,., "., , ,., .. ,., , .. ,., .. ,. , .. ,. ", .. , , _., .. ,., .. , .. , ,..,.---.~ ..

, _ .. , _ .. , , " _._ . .,.>0., T< •• , •••• , •••• , _ •••••• _, •••• , •••• , •••• , •• _ •• ,._~ •• ,. H_ •• ,~_c._ , , ,._ , ..••.. _1 ••••••••

q['NBr~Cf ;;.: : : :: ::.: ::.:: ..

_~b) W~ is the. ultrasound transmitted in p~~~es? ~ (~~QI!,;;_;;;tion,2l_::_i!l!!!!!W1---

(Total rOT Question 20 = 4 marks)

11;

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lIS' l'fW~~$i dgd101ldpbO:I1~l1mdingr II!stvin;vtl1ltbil tll31alf:tllttluloos ieei ngaeroplane and helicopter cockpits. They work using,JiJe principle of superposition of waves. The diagram snows the appearance 01. the standing wave on tile rope at one mstant.

Each part of the rope is at its maximum

(ii) The arrow at point X shows the direction in which the point X is about to move.

Add arrows to the diagram to ShOWZ:hC di . ns in which points Y and Z are

about to move. MIcrophone

(b) The frequency of the vibration show I the~.agram is 15Hz When a rope LS vibrating wLth its fu"dam,ehtal.ft.eque cyith 'rflS one antinode. Calculate the

fundamental frequency 9fth.iJw'av,c. t ;\5- Ear

.. J '.' .J

II '.

(a) Compare the properties of the two sound waves necessary to produce complete.

cancellation of the two waves that reach the Cat. Frequency = .

iJ) (Total for Queslionl7 = 5 marks)

(II

(2)

(1)

12

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I lJ.iJa)Al)mJJlI\~~ijM\l~t~eaml~?gmeFJ~~Lb{je6i¥a\p~UdlJltW'Qltcr. She puts a polarising (Polaroid) filter in front of her eye As she rotates the filter the puddle appears darker then lighter.

i1~--1~

........................ ~

Explain this observation.

Lamp B Lamp A

Lamp B glows more brightly than lamp A. Complete each of the sentences by

.... choosi ng. one. of-the-phrases- i IHhe·-box·,············ _ .. _ -

(:H

.n " •• , " ••• " ••• ~."_." .. ,,.~._.~ h~_ •••• ,,, ••• ,,.,,.,,,............ • _ ••••••••••••••••••••• _ ••••••••• , •• , •••••

........ !.._ e.q.U..~lt~ _ .. gre'l •. ~':.~.a.f!m I.~.~~ .. t.~!lf! 1

.. .The current.in.lamp.A. is ._." .. ,,,",, .... ,,,,,,,,,,, .. ,,," .. the.current in .. lamp-B.

The p.d. across lamp A is ._ .. _ ... _ .. _......................... . .. (Tdhd ~. QJ.re5lioan:l'" 8.3 marks)

The resistance of lamp A is _ _ ...............................•. _ " the resistance of lamp B.

_(b.j The same bulbs are now connected in IJurallcl wil.h the ;'allely.

I:l 1'1c current lin a lengtll ofalmnmml1l, 0 cross-secuor at area /lIS given by the formula

rl/~l!IL 1 f---

where e is the charge on an electron. L_ !CA

(a) State the meanings of nand 1'. ~

Lamp B

........... - - ~- ..•.. _ ....•........ __ _ _ .. _

l.amp A

n: _ .

\I: _....... .._~" .. ~ _ ~ .. _. 'N _ _ •••••• , ••••••• _ •••••••• __ •••••• _ ••••••••••••

Slate which bulb will be brigllte.r and c~plal'n,voLir answer. , .

(b) Show that the units on the re T llano sloe or me equation arc consistent With those on "

the right hand side. t. j (3)

(3)

........................... ..... ,1

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13 (a} What is the coulomb in base units? SECTION B

Ii)

Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided,

I,

1---+-_ .

(Z)

(])

30mA

(Total for Quesfion II = 2 marks)

--Defeflmn(fllremagmftfcfes-6f1ne currentS-I,> J)and IT

.. . (3)

12 The diagram shows the shape ora wave on the surface ofa lank of water at one instant

/, = 9.f..\!I]l~, Ib~.W\!y.\; .. J$JmVeUi.I!g.tQth~rjghL_ ,_ , _ .

13= _ .

On the diagram

(a) mark a point on the water surface whose motion is exactly 18000ut of phase with the motion at X Label this point A,

(b) draw an arrow at point Y to show the direction in which the water at Y is moving at the i nstant shown,

(e) murk a painton the water surface that isat testat the instant shown. Label this point B. (I)

... " , ,._ _.'" , , " _ _. __ _ , _._., .. {!~.t~I .. ~~!:__9..~~~.!it:'.~13_=~_~ .. I!!!':~t _ __ .

B

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10 ~len a fire enaine, rnoves awav j'rom an observer the uitcb of Ihe s\I· C[' heard h" \1'''' 8 o1lPPe?1fe o&mg :to'l'h\~"I?~~u\? correCtfy SilO. ,>Is "(fico rClallo)\Smp c .Ween pille] lml

l~erence ch ana' current "(I) ror alliament lamp?

i!l A the wavelen!i h Of. tlle.S .. 0' ~"ij~creascs

o B the speed of t e fire ngine increase.

D frequency o· the siren decreases

0'------ 0 0

D D the diltante travelled by each wavefront increases J

B

. ._._ .. _.A _

o

A

TOTAL FOR SECTION A ~ 10 MARKS

o B

o C

o

D

(Total for Question 8 = "I mark

9 Light travels into a semicircular glass block as shown in the diagram. TIle ray of light reaches the straight edge of tile block at an angle of incidence i,

The critical angle for glass IS c.

Which one of the following statements is true for light at the straight edge?

o A When i is bigger than c then no I ight is reflected.

o .8 When i is bigger than c then no light is transmitted.

o

C When i is smaller than c then no light is reflected,

o D When i is smaller than c then no light is transmitted

for Question 9 = I mark

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~ ~IN'i, WRWaWlg!l?,\~Ss\\8witiJi?kI}fSf\llnCrcnt wavelengths approaching slits of different widths.

I r- ~r- I
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> "1o"".",, bctw " r-- f- r--:i }-@ r--
;--
pint ·X d Y is I I
0 A 0.25.0
A B C D
0 B LOn ~l whic~d~l8'n will the diffraction be the greatest?

cP rf'16n o B

(Total for Question II = I :mftl·k)

o c

7 T~ spee@ofsollnd in steel is 6000 m s '. The wavelength of an ultrasound wave of

___ .. t:r.~_(~~:.~.:~_ .. S.~ .. ~~I.~_tra~~li_,~.~~ou~_J~.~.:.~~:~ .. ~:.~~~~ .. i.= (!~i.~.I .. I~r_9_'!."-s_t!~.~ .. ~ ~ I. ~~.~!~)_, .. _.

o A 0.0083 rn

5 The heating element for an electric fire is made from a wire of resistance R. It is 4bplace~\\{)U\~Il;:l;ire of the same material which has the same length but is twice the c\lUmetcc J.~~Jesistallcc of this second wire is

o C 2R

o D 4R

(Total for Question 5=1 mark)

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Instructions

B' They travel faster in a vacuum.

• Use black ink or ball-point pen.

C.1AIt'lrAIi~ fj"6IU~ll§p of this page with your name,

D ~utJllHR~~8I11H~~~te number.

• Answer all questions.

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- there may be more space than you need.

J Two cohemtb1tnRftmllit waves of wavelength .t in phase. At a point where the two waves mej1 ~~f",mator~it!ffllllS'ercij§§.· (t radians). Which of the following could be dte ')iUhrdiffcsibcea~ti1lft are shown in brackets

- use this as a guide as to haw much time to spemJ on each question.

A.Wuestlons labelled with an asterisk (*)are ones where the quality of your written communication will be assessed

B .t _ you should take particular care with your spelling, punctuation and grammar, as well as the darity of expression, on these questions.

ce!rhe list of data, formulae and relationships is printed at the end of this booklet. .2Candidates may use a scientific calculator.

Advice

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.4 Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

• Keep an ~ on the time.

• Try to answer every question .

. ··.'Checkyouranswers-ifyouhavetime·attheelJi?fal.!() ... -911~~!!().!!.:l,,:,_!.!!I.!!~~L _

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