2

35(/8&5$5($35,0$5 $'$7(/2567$7,67,&(

ÍQWUHE UL

¾ &HUHSUH]LQW FODVLILFDUHDVWDWLVWLF "

¾ Care sunt etapele procesului de grupare a datelor pe intervale egale?

¾ &DUHVXQWHOHPHQWHOHGHFRQ LQXWúLGHIRUP DOHXQXLWDEHOVWDWLVWLF"

¾ &HHVWHVHULDVWDWLVWLF "

¾ Care sunt principalele rHJXOLGHUHSUH]HQWDUHJUDILF DGDWHORUVWDWLVWLFH"

¾ Care sunt principalele tipuri de grafice statistice?

¾ &XPVHUHSUH]LQW JUDILFRVHULHFURQRORJLF "'DUXQDWHULWRULDO "
 ([HUFL LLüLSUREOHPH

1. *UXSDUHD MXGH HORU 5RPkQLHL GXS  QXP UXO WRWDO DO DQJDMD ilor cu studii superioare din ultimii
10 ani este o:
a) JUXSDUHWHULWRULDO 
b) JUXSDUHFURQRORJLF 
c) JUXSDUHGXS RFDUDFWHULVWLF QXPHULF 

d) JUXSDUHGXS RFDUDFWHULVWLF GHWLSFDOLWDWLY

e) JUXSDUHFRPELQDW 

5 VSXQVF&DUDFWHULVWLFDHVWH³QXP UXOWRWDODODQJDMD LORUFXVWXGLLVXSHULRDUHGLQXOWLPLLDQL´

2. 3UHVXSXQHP F  R ILUP  FH SURGXFH WUHL SURGXVH VLPLODUH GRUHúWH V  FRPSDUH SULQ LQWHUPHGLXO

UHSUH]HQW ULORU JUDILFH SRQGHUHD YkQ] ULORU SH SURGXVH vQ WRWDOXO YkQ] ULORU vQ GRL DQL

consecutivi. ReprezeQWDUHDJUDILF YDIL

a) KLVWRJUDPDIUHFYHQ HORUUHODWLYH
b) GLDJUDPDGHVWUXFWXU 
c) cronograma;
d) corelograma;
e) GLDJUDPDSULQVXSUDIH H

5 VSXQVE6HFRQVWUXLHúWHFkWHRGLDJUDP GHVWUXFWXU SHQWUXILHFDUHDQ

3. ([SOLFD LFDUHGLQXUP WRDUHOHFRPHQWDULLDS UXWHvQGRX ]LDUHGHVSUHJUDILFXODO WXUDWHVWHFRUHFW


   
   
   
!
*
)
(
:6 '
789 6 &
45 $%
#
"
!
!**%+,!**!-+,!**-"+.!**#%+,!**$+,!**&%+,!**-'+
/1032

Fig. 2.1.

a) Anul 1996 este cel de-DOGRLOHDDQvQFDUHSURGXF LDDFRQWLQXDWV VFDG 6LWXD LDHVWHUHD

b) Anul 1996 este cel de-DOWUHLOHDDQFkQGSURGXF LDVHVLWXHD] ODFHOHPDLvQDOWHFRWH6LWXD LD
HVWHIRDUWHEXQ 

5 VSXQV 1LFL XQ FRPHQWDULX QX HVWH SH GHSOLQ FRUHFW vQWUXFkW HVWH DGHY UDW F  SURGXF LD HVWH vQ

XúRDU  VF GHUH vQ DQXO  GDU WUHEXLH LQXW VHDPD úL GH QLYHOXO ULGLFDW OD FDUH VH DIO  SH

ansamblul perioadei remarcându-VH WRWXúL R WHQGLQ  FUHVF WRDUH  D SURGXF LHL ÌQ DQDOL] 

trebuie luat întregul orizont de timp.

4. 8QPDJD]LQGHDUWLFROHGHvPEU F PLQWH SHQWUX IHPHL VLWXDWvQFHQWUXOXQXL RUDúPDUH GRUHúWH

V -úL GHVFKLG  R ILOLDO  vQWU R ]RQ  SHULIHULF  3HQWUX D RE LQH LQIRUPD LL GHVSUH GLVWULEX LD
-
JHRJUDILF  D FOLHQ LORU SUH]HQ L PDQDJHUXO PDJD]LQXOXL RUJDQL]HD]  R DQFKHW  vQ FDUH ILHFDUH

client dintr-R ]L HVWH vQWUHEDW XQGH ORFXLHúWH UDSRUWDW OD FHOH SDWUX FDGUDQH DOH RUDúXOXL QRUG-
vest (NV), nord-est (NE), sud-YHVW69úLVXG-HVW6(&OLHQ LLGLQDIDUDRUDúXOXLVXQWH[FOXúL
GLQDQFKHW 5H]XOWDWXODQFKHWHLVHSUH]LQW DVWIHO

Tabelul 2.1.
Clientul =RQDGHUHúHGLQ Clientul =RQDGHUHúHGLQ

1 NV 16 NE
2 SE 17 NE
3 SE 18 NV
4 NV 19 NV
5 SV 20 SV
6 NV 21 NE
7 NE 22 NV
8 SV 23 SV
9 NV 24 SE
10 SE 25 SV
11 NV 26 NV
12 SE 27 NV
13 SV 28 SE
14 NV 29 NE
15 SV 30 SV

Se cere:
a) 6LVWHPDWL]D LGDWHOHGLVSRQLELOH
b) 3UH]HQWD LJUDILFLQIRUPD LLOHVLVWHPDWL]DWH

6ROX LH

D6HHIHFWXHD] FODVLILFD rea datelor:

9DULDELOD GXS  FDUH VH HIHFWXHD]  FODVLILFDUHD HVWH ]RQD GH UHúHGLQ  $FHDVW  YDULDELO  DUH SDWUX

YDULDQWHGHFLVHSRDWHUHDOL]DRJUXSDUHFKLDUSHDFHVWHYDULDQWH6HRE LQHWDEHOXO

Tabelul 2.2.
*UXSHGHFOLHQ LGXS ]RQDGHUHúHGLQ 1XP UGHFOLHQ L ni)
NE 5
NV 11
SE 6
SV 8
Total 30
 b)
;=< >?A@A< BC < DFEG < HI < G J @LKLCM NJLI%DFKH@ HOH%KL< I

UQ
VU P
ln T
kl mj S
g hi R
Q
P
WLX WY Z X ZY
[\]_^a`bdc be_b`f ]

Fig. 2.2
'HFLHVWHPDLDYDQWDMRVFDPDQDJHUXOPDJD]LQXOXLV GHVFKLG QRXDILOLDO vQ]RQDGHQRUG -
YHVWDRUDúXOXLGHXQGHSURYLQFHLPDLPXO LGLQWUHFOLHQ LLV L

5. Un analist fiQDQFLDU HVWH LQWHUHVDW vQ FXQRDúWHUHD UHVXUVHORU FKHOWXLWH GH FRPSDQLLOH GH KDUG úL
soft pentru cercetare-GH]YROWDUH 3HQWUX  GH DVWIHO GH ILUPH DOHVH vQWkPSO WRU FDOFXOHD] 
procentul cheltuielilor pentru cercetare-dezvoltare din totalul veniturilor din ultimul an. Datele
UH]XOWDWHVXQWXUP WRDUHOH

Tabelul 2.3.
Compania Procentul din venituri Compania Procentul din venituri
cheltuit pentru C-D (%) cheltuit pentru C-D (%)
1 10,5 26 9,5
2 8,4 27 8,2
3 10,5 28 6,9
4 9,0 29 7,2
5 9,2 30 8,2
6 9,7 31 9.6
7 6,6 32 7,2
8 10,6 33 8,8
9 10,1 34 11,3
10 7,1 35 8,5
11 8,0 36 9,4
12 7,9 37 10,5
13 6,8 38 6,9
14 9,5 39 6,5
15 8,1 40 7,5
16 11,5 41 7,1
17 9,9 42 5,2
18 6,9 43 7,7
19 7,5 44 5,9
20 11,1 45 5,2
21 8,2 46 5,6
22 8,0 47 11,7
23 7,7 48 6,0
24 7,4 49 7,8
25 6,5 50 6,5
Se cere:
a) 6 VHVLVWHPDWL]H]HGDWHOHJUXSkQGX-VHSHLQWHUYDOHHJDOHGHYDULD LH
b) 6 VHFDOFXOH]HIUHFYHQ HOHFXPXODWH
c) 6  VH UHSUH]LQWH JUDILF GLVWULEX LD FRPSDQLLORU GXS  SURFHQWXO GLQ YHQLWXUL DORFDW SHQWUX
cercetare-GH]YROWDUH 6  VH ILJXUH]H vQ FDGUXO XQXL JUDIic curbele cumulative ale
IUHFYHQ HORU

6ROX LH

a) 6HQRWHD] FX; – caracteristica de grupare (procentul din venituri alocat pentru cercetare).
6HSDUFXUJXUP WRULLSDúL

ƒ VHFDOFXOHD] DPSOLWXGLQHDYDULD LHLFDUDFWHULVWLFLL A x)

Ax = xmax - xmin = 11,7 – 5,2 = 6,5 %
ƒ VHVWDELOHúWHQXP UXOGHJUXSHr)

r = 1 + 3,322 lg n = 1 + 3,322 lg 50 = 6,64 ≈ 7. (formula lui Sturges)

ƒ VHVWDELOHúWHP ULPHDLQWHUYDOXOXLGHJUXSDUHh)

h = Ax / r = 6,5 / 7 ≈ 1 %
ƒ VHVWDELOHVFLQWHUYDOHOHGHYDULD LHúLVHHIHFWXHD] JUXSarea.

&XYDULD LHFRQWLQX

Varianta I Varianta II
Tabelul 2.4 Tabelul 2.5
,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHD Nr. companii ,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHD Nr. companii
procentului din venituri (ni) procentului din venituri (ni)
cheltuit pentru C-D cheltuit pentru C-D
5,0 – 6,0 4 5,0 – 6,0 5
6,0 – 7,0 9 6,0 – 7,0 8
7,0 – 8,0 11 7,0 – 8,0 13
8,0 – 9,0 9 8,0 – 9,0 8
9,0 – 10,0 8 9,0 – 10,0 7
10,0 – 11,0 5 10,0 – 11,0 5
11,0 - 12,0 4 11,0 - 12,0 4
Total 50 Total 50
o1p-q rs t uvt q wxt yz|{_}At pw_} t y~s €  y o p-q rs t ut q wa€‚ƒ{_}‚t p%w_} t y~s €  yt yq {_}|„w_s …

interval.

&XYDULD LHGLVFRQWLQX

Tabelul 2.6
,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHDSURFHQWXOXLGLQYHQLWXULFKHOWXLW Nr. companii
pentru C-D (ni)
5,0 – 5,9 4
6,0 – 6,9 9
7,0 – 7,9 11
8,0 – 8,9 9
9,0 – 9,9 8
10,0 – 10,9 5
11,0 – 11,9 4
Total 50
 0 ULPHDLQWHUYDOXOXLvQFD]XOYDULD LHLGLVFUHWHVHFDOFXOHD] DVWIHO

ƒ hi = limsup i – liminf i + ∆, unde ∆UHSUH]LQW YDORDUHDFXFDUHVHGLVFUHWL]HD] LQWHUYDOHOH

ƒ ³K´ VH PDL SRDWH FDOFXOD FD GLIHUHQ  vQWUH GRX  OLPLWH VXSHULRDUH DO WXUDWH VDX GRX  OLPLWH

LQIHULRDUHDO WXUDWH

hi=limsup i+1 – lim sup i

hi=liminf i+1 – lim inf i
b) Pentru Varianta I:
Tabelul 2.7.
,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHDSURFHQWXOXLGLQ Nr. companii FrecvHQ HFXPXODWH
venituri cheltuit pentru C-D (ni) &UHVF WRU 'HVFUHVF WRU

5,0 – 6,0 4 4 50
6,0 – 7,0 9 13 46
7,0 – 8,0 11 24 37
8,0 – 9,0 9 33 26
9,0 – 10,0 8 41 17
10,0 – 11,0 5 46 9
11,0 – 12,0 4 50 4
Total 50 - -

c)
†‡ ˆ3‰Š‡ ‹aŒ ‡ Ž3x‘“’•”a‡ ‡ – dŠd—dŒa’ ’aŠVaŽ™˜•”3‰Œa–š—d‡ ”
› ˜•”a‡ ‰ŒaŠ‡šŽ=œ˜•– ‰Œa‡ ‰’=˜•”3‰ŠŒŽ™˜•ŠVŽ™˜™‰•Š˜

£Ÿ
» ¹º -£ ž
¢
·¸ ¡
µ¶  
² ³´ Ÿ
ž
¤¥ ž¦ ¡¥ ž¦ §¥ ž%¦ ¢¥ ž¦ ¨¥ ž¦ £-ž¥ ž¦ %£ £¥ ž¦
¡¥ ž §¥ ž ¢¥ ž ¨¥ ž £-ž¥ ž £%£¥ ž £ Ÿ¥ ž
©«ª-¬ ­-®¯%° ®¯-¬ ±%° ¯

Fig. 2.3.

¼¾½x¿À=Á= ÁÄÿÁ3Å Æ=Á=Ç Á= ÈÉ¿dÅ=½•Ê“½x ˙ÌÁ

ÓÍ
ÒÍ
õ ÷ ïöôó Ñ%Í
ðó ÐÍ ø™ù úûüLý ûþÿ þ

ðñ ò ÏÍ ý ûù ú ûý
í îï
ÎÍ  ù úû-üLý ûþÿ þ
ý
 ú ûù ú %ûý
Í
Ò%Ô ÒÕÓÔ Ò×ÖÔ ÒÙØÔ ÒÙÚ%Ô ÒÛÎÍ%Ô ÒÜÎÎ-Ô Ò
Ý-Þ ßàá|âãä_å âæá|âå ã çÞ åèã éêLë ì

Fig. 2.4.
6. Un fabr LF D QW  GH U R L  LQ G X VW U L D OH  E Q XL H úW H  F  XQ HO H F R PH Q] L  S U RILW D E L OH  VX QW  S L H U GX WH

G L Q  FD X ] D  WL P S XO X L  S UHD  PD U H  QH FH VD U  IL U P H L S H QW U X D  VWD E L O L S U H X O F H UX W S R W H Q L DO L O RU

F O LH Q L  3H Q W UX  D  L QY HV W L JD  D FH D VW  SR VL EL O L WD W H    GH  FH UH U L  G H  IL [ D U H  D  S U H XO X L  D X

f R VW  D OH VH D OHD W RU  GL Q  W RW D O X O XO W LP X O X L  D Q  úL D X IR VW  FD O F XO D L  W L PSL L  Q HF HVD U L  SH Q W UX

I L [D UH D  SU H X O XL  7 L P SL L  v Q ] L O H   vP S U H X Q  F X F OD V LIL F D UHD  F R PH Q ] L L  v Q  ³ SL H UG X W ´  VD X

nu, sunt:

Tabelul 2.8
Nr. Timpul pt. calculul &RPDQG  Nr. Timpul pt. calculul &RPDQG 

comenzii SUH XOXL]LOH pLHUGXW comenzii SUH XOXL]LOH SLHUGXW

1 6,4 Nu 21 3,3 Nu
2 5,7 Nu 22 6,0 Nu
3 6,6 Nu 23 5,9 Nu
4 10,0 Da 24 7,3 Da
5 4,9 Nu 25 4,0 Nu
6 6,5 Nu 26 11,4 Da
7 6,0 Nu 27 3,2 Nu
8 4,7 Nu 28 6,4 Nu
9 3,9 Nu 29 5,1 Nu
10 6,7 Da 30 7,8 Da
11 3,9 Nu 31 4,4 Nu
12 6,5 Nu 32 5,5 Nu
13 8,6 Nu 33 7,5 Nu
14 6,4 Nu 34 6,2 Nu
15 9,5 Da 35 8,2 Da
16 4,9 Nu 36 4,4 Nu
17 3,9 Nu 37 5,9 Nu
18 7,7 Da 38 9,9 Da
19 10,3 Da 39 12,2 Da
20 5,5 Nu 40 9,0 Nu

6 VHVLVWHPDWL]H]HGDWHOHSUH]HQWDWHúLEV VHUHSUH]LQWHJUDILFGLVWULEX LLOH

6ROX LH

1RW P; –WLPSXOQHFHVDUVWDELOLULLSUH XOXL6HSDUFXUJXUP WRDUHOHHWDSHvQYHGHUHDHIHFWX ULL

JUXS ULLSHLQWHUYDOHGHYDULD LH

ƒ VHFDOFXOHD] DPSOLWXGLQHDYDULD LHLFDUDFWHULVWLFLL

A x)
Ax = xmax - xmin = 12,2 – 3,2 = 9 zile.
ƒ VHVWDELOHúWHQXP UXOGHJUXSHr)

r = 1 + 3,322 lg n = 1 + 3,322 lg 40 = 1 + 3,322 × 1,60206 = 6,32 ≈ 6

(formula lui Sturges)
ƒ VHVWDELOHúWHP ULPHDLQWHUYDOXOXLGHJUXSDUHh)

h = Ax / r = 9 / 6 ≈ 1,5 zile.
ƒ VHVWDELOHVFLQWHUYDOHOHGHYDULD LHúLVHHIHFWXHD] JUXSDUHD
 Tabelul 2.9.
,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHDWLPSXOXLGHFDOFXODO 1XP UFRPHQ]L

SUH XOXL

3,2 – 4,7 8
4,7 – 6,2 11
6,2 – 7,7 10
7,7 – 9,2 5
9,2 – 10,7 4
10,7 – 12,2 2
Total 40
1RW :OLPLWDLQIHULRDU LQFOXV vQLQWHUYDO

5HSUH]HQWDUHDJUDILF DGLVWULEX LHLVHJ VHúWHvQILJXUD


 


  "!#$ %
&$
 ' 

$(  

./*
M L /. )
-
IJK ,
GH +
DE F *
)
021 *#3 +21 4#3 ,51 *#3 451 4#3 651 *#3 ./)21 4#3 78 9#:<;>=@? A/8 = B/C
+1 4 ,51 * 451 4 651 * ./)51 4 ./*21 *

Fig. 2.5.

7. 8UP WRDUHOHGDWHUHSUH]LQW FKHOWXLHOLOHSHQWUXFXPS UDUHDXQXLSURGXVPLLOHLHIHFWXDWHGH

de familii într-R V SW PkQ              
435; 430; 435; 439; 423; 431; 436; 435; 428; 436; 438; 437; 430; 435; 430; 434; 433; 429; 435;
427; 427; 428; 431; 432; 433; 435; 422; 434; 435; 433; 438; 436.

Se cere:

a) 6  VH FRQVWUXLDVF  R GLVWULEX LH GH IUHFYHQ H IRORVLQG LQWHUYDOH GH P ULPH  vQFHSkQG FX

intervalul 421-&DOFXOD LFHQWUHOHGHLQWHUYDO

b) 6 VHVLVWHPDWL]H]HGDWHOHSHLQWHUYDOHHJDOH

c) 6 VHUHSUH]LQWHJUDILFGLVWULEX LLOHRE LQXWH

6ROX LH

a)
sup
hi = xi − xiinf + ∆ ,
unde hi P ULPHDLQWHUYDOXOXLi
∆ YDORDUHDFXFDUHVHGLVFUHWL]HD] LQWHUYDOHOH

sup
Cum pentru intervalul 421 – 422, xi − xiinf = 1 iar hi UH]XOW F  ∆ = 1, iar centrele de
LQWHUYDOVHYRUFDOFXODFXUHOD LD

h
CI i = xiinf +
2
 Intervalele pe care se va efectua gruparea sunt:
421 – 422; 423 – 424; 425 – 426; 427 – 428; 429 – 430; 431 – 432; 433 – 434; 435 – 436;
437 – 438; 439 – 440
6HHIHFWXHD] JUXSDUHD

Tabelul 2.10
,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHDFKHOWXLHOLORUPLLOHL 1XP UIDPLOLL Centre de interval
421 – 422 1 422
423 – 424 2 424
425 – 426 1 426
427 – 428 4 428
429 – 430 4 430
431 – 432 5 432
433 – 434 8 434
435 – 436 11 436
437 – 438 7 438
439 – 440 2 440
Total 45 -

b) Ax = 440 – 422 = 18 mii lei

r=6
h = Ax / r = 18 / 6 = 3 mii lei.
Tabelul 2.11
,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHDFKHOWXLHOLORUPLLOHL 1XP UIDPLOLL

422 – 425 3
425 – 428 3
428 – 431 6
431 – 434 9
434 – 437 15
437 – 440 9
Total 45

c) 5HSUH]HQW ULOHJUDILFHVHIDFSULQKLVWRJUDP ILJXULOHúL

' LV WU LE X LD ID P LOLLOR U G X S F K H OWX LH OL

S5O
2S N
llm R
k
ij Q
f g(h P
O
N
POS POU POV POW POX PUS PUU PUV PUW PUX
T T T T T T T T T T
POO POP POQ POR PUN PUO PUP PUQ PUR PPN
Y[Z\] ^ _` \] `5acbd` `5] \` e

Fig. 2.6.
 ' LV WU LE X L D  ID P L O L L O R U  G X S F K H OWX LH OL

sq
s p
s o

Ž s n

Œ
r
Š‹
q
‡ ˆ>‰
p
o
n
p o out p #o v&t p o rwt p x syt p xp t p"xz t
p o v p o r p"x s p"x'p p xz
" p#p n
{|}~ €"‚ }~ ‚'ƒ„…‚ ‚~ }‚ †

Fig. 2.7.

8. 6H FRQVLGHU  XUP WRDUHD UHSUH]HQWDUH JUDILF  SULYLQG GLVWULEX LD VDODULD LORU GXS  WLPSXO

nelucrat:

‘> —
‘
‘ 2 –
2 š  “•”
2 ™
2 ˜ 2 ’
2 — 2 ‘

•›c‘< ‘<•› —5 —55› ’• ’••› ˜5 ˜5•› ”•
œ' žŸ¡ >¢•£ ¤>¥•¦ §<¨2© ž¡  5ª «

Fig. 2.8.

d) &HVHUHSUH]LQW SULQDFHVWJUDILF"

e) ([SOLFD LGHFHYDORDUHDGHSHD[D2\DIHUHQW XOWLPXOXLLQWHUYDOHVWH"

f) 7UDQVIRUPD L GLVWULEX LD UHSUH]HQWDW  JUDILF vQWU R GLVWULEX LH GH IUHFYHQ H UHODWLYH úL -
UHSUH]HQWD L -o grafic.
g) &DUHHVWHSRQGHUHDVDODULD LORUFDUHDXPDLSX LQGHPLQWLPSQHOXFUDW"'DUDFHORUFDU e
au peste 20 de min. timp nelucrat?

6ROX LH

a) )UHFYHQ HUHODWLYHFXPXODWHFUHVF WRUúLH[SULPDWHSULQFRHILFLHQ L

b) 'HRDUHFH vQWRWGHDXQD IUHFYHQ D FXPXODW  FUHVF WRU DIHUHQW  XOWLPXOXL LQWHUYDO FRLQFLGH FX

VXPD IUHFYHQ HORU GLQ FDUH V DX FDOFXODW IUHFYHQ HOH FXPXODWH )LLQG YRUED GH IUHFYHQ H
-
UHODWLYHH[SULPDWHSULQFRHILFLHQ LVXPDORUHVWH
 c)
Tabelul 2.12
,QWHUYDOHGHYDULD LHDWLPSXOXLQHOXFUDW )UHFYHQ H )UHFYHQ HUHODWLYHFXPXODWH

(min.) relative FUHVF WRU GHVFUHVF WRU

0 – 10 0,1 0,1 1,0

10 – 20 0,2 0,3 0,9
20 – 30 0,45 0,75 0,7
30 – 40 0,15 0,9 0,25
40 – 50 0,1 1,0 0,1
Total 1,00 - -

¬2­ ²
¬2­ ±
ÎÍ ÇÉ
ËÌ ¬2­ °
ÆÇ
ÊÇ ¬2­ ¯
ÇÈÉ
Å ÆÇ ¬2­ ®
¬
¬•³(®<¬ ®<¬•³ ¯2¬´¯2¬•³ °5¬´°5¬>³ ±2¬µ±¬•³ ²5¬
¶'· ¸¡¹º¼»5½ ¾>¿•À Á<Âà ¸· º>Ä

Fig. 2.9.

d) 3RQGHUHD VDODULD LORU FDUH DX PDL SX LQ GH  PLQ WLPS QHOXFUDW HVWH GH  LDU D FHORU

care au peste 20 min. timp nelucrat de 70%.

Probleme propuse

1. &kQG GRX  ILUPH DQXQ  GRULQ D GH D IX]LRQD VH vQWkPSO  GHVHRUL FD vQ GHFXUV GH FkWHYD

V SW PkQL XQD GLQ ILUPH V  GHYLQ  QHPXO XPLW  GH FRQVHFLQ HOH IX]LRQ ULL úL IX]LRQDUHD V  ILH

UH]LOLDW  'RGG  D UDSRUWDW F  GLQ 

de firme pe care le-D LGHQWLILFDW F  DX DQXQ DW
fuzionarea, 80 au anulat-R 'H DFHHD GLQ PRPHQWXO vQ FDUH R ILUP  DQXQ  IX]LXQHD H[LVW  R
PDUH GR]  GH LQFHUWLWXGLQH GDF  IX]LXQHD YD DYHD ORF SRW WUHFH OXQL GXS  DQXQ  SkQ  FkQG

fuziunea are loc). EdgerDSXEOLFDWQXP UXOGH]LOHGHWUDGLQJvQWUH]LXDvQFDUHV DI FXW

-
DQXQ XOSRWHQ LDOHLIX]LXQLvQ:DOO6WUHHW-RXUQDOúL]LXDIX]LXQLLHIHFWLYH3HQWUXGHILUPHVH

G QXP UXOGH]LOHVFXUVvQWUHGDWDDQXQ XOXLSRWHQ LDOHLIX]LXQLúLGDWDIX]LX

nii efective: 74, 42,
155, 80, 214, 97, 225, 182, 92, 116, 140, 162, 192, 178, 40, 193, 94, 157, 123, 128, 92, 173,
173, 216, 135, 120, 64, 184, 255, 27, 123, 80, 143, 212, 176, 200, 164, 86.

6  VH JUXSH]H GDWHOH SH LQWHUYDOH GH P ULPH HJDO  úL V  VH UHS rezinte grafic rezultatele
JUXS ULL

2. 3HQWUX SUREOHPD  GLQ DFHVW FDSLWRO V  VH HIHFWXH]H JUXSDUHD FRPELQDW  GXS  FHOH GRX 

caracteristici considerate concomitent.